AmstradCPC6128-hypertext-en-Sinewalker

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Download The transfer of information from one computer to another - the computer receiving the data is generally referred to as the machine downloading. The other end of the link is uploading. Dr. LOGO Digital Research's version of LOGO, a programming language with a graphics turtle. Dumb terminal A computer terminal that simply acts as a medium for input and output without any processing of the information passing through. Note that a mindless terminal is one where even the display drive electronics are absent, and that the screen display information is fed in as pure video. Edit To correct or make changes to data, a program or text. Editor A program that is usually in the ROM of the computer, which enables the editing process to be carried out. EPROM Erasable Programmable Read only Memory. Similar to the PROM, except that the data contained in the chip can be erased by ultra-violet light, and new program recorded. An EEPROM is similar, except that it may be electronically erased. Expression A simple or complex formula used within a program to perform a calculation on data -the expression will usually define the nature of the data it can handle. In Dr. Logo an expression consists of a procedure name followed by any necessary inputs to the procedure. Fifth generation computers Mainly large mainframe computers that are· promised to arrive with the ability for self-programming using the developments of artificial intelligence. Glossary AppendiX 2 Page 11
File A collection of data, generally stored on cassette or disc. File name The name of a file. In Dr. Logo a file name can consist of up to 8 alphabetic or numeric characters. In CP/M or AMSDOS, an additional three character file type, preceded by a dot • is allowed. Firmware Software contained in ROM - a cross between pure software and pure hardware. Fixed-point number A number represented, manipulated and stored with the decimal point in a fixed specified position. Floating-point number A Real number, manipulated and stored with its decimal point permitted to settle in the required position. The method is particularly useful when dealing with large numbers. Floppy disc (See Disc) Flowchart A diagrammatic representation of the progression of program steps and logical processes tracing the sequence of events during program execution. Forth A high speed programming language, with speed and complexity falling between a High-level language and Machine code. Not a beginners' language. Function key A key on the keyboard that has been assigned a specific task - which it may execute in addition to, or instead of the main purpose inscribed upon that key. Appendix 2 Page 12 Glossary
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Introduction AMSTRAD CPC6128 Integr
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Contents Chapter I Foundation Cours
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Chapter 8 More about the Bank Manag
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Connecting the computer to a monito
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Switching on - CPC6128 and MP2 Modu
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( Part 2: Connecting your periphera
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Connect the end of the lead which i
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Part 3: About Discs .... The AMSTRA
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Some other compact floppy discs emp
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Type mismatch .... means that you h
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On the screen you will see: he L L
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Reset the computer to clear the mem
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The single quote mark ' (which can
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Division (use unshifted ? key for d
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Mixed Calculations (+,-,*,/) Mixed
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Part 7: Save It .... Now that you'v
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To look briefly at some of the CP/M
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Make sure that you don't close the
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On the screen you will see: Drive A
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Part 8: Understanding Modes, Colour
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So it is with the computer. Using t
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Now let's change to a new paper. Wh
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For further demonstration of the co
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Just to prove that this is on the t
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PLOT Unlike the L 0 CAT E command,
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Circles Circles can either be plott
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440 cy(st+1)=cy(st)+1.5*r(st)*COS(s
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Now reset the computer [CONTROL] [S
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Envelope Number This is the referen
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Number of Steps This parameter spec
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Typing in for example: la Load "fi
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If you have connected an additional
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Write protection Note that you will
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At the A> prompt, type: disckit3 Se
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Part 11: Introducing the Bank Manag
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The contents of Screen 1 are copied
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.... where r % is an integer variab
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I BAN K FIN D will start at the cur
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Chapter 2 Beyond FoundationslIlSlBl
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But hang on! We said that we want t
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32 PRINT " 1 • enter info" 33 PRI
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100 ON ms GOSUB 120,210,270 110 GOT
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Directing data to stream # 8 sends
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This L 0 CAT E s where the menu I N
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440 FOR x=1 TO 100 450 WRITE #9,NAM
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AFTER AFT E R [, ] GO SUB 10 AFTER
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BIN$ BIN $ ( [, ] ) PRINT BIN$(64,
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CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR COMMAND: Clears a
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CURSOR CUR S 0 R [][ , ] 10 CURSOR
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DEFINT DE FIN T
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DELETE DEL E T E DELETE 100-200 CO
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DIM D I M 10 C LS 20 DIM friend$(5
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The optional determines how the in
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Parameter 2: This parameter must b
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If2 parameters are used, these are:
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ERR ERR GOTO 500 Line does not exis
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FIX F I X ( ) PRINT FIX(9.99999) 9
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GOSUB GO SUB ,line number> GOSUB 21
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HIMEM HIMEM PRINT HIMEM 42619 FUN C
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The state of [SHIFT] and [CONTROL]
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INSTR INS T R ( [ , J , ) 10 CLS 2
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The given in the KEY command may b
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LINE INPUT L I NE IN PUT [# ,][;][
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LOG LOG ( ) PRINT LOG(9999) 9.2102
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MEMORY M EM 0 R Y MEMORY &20AA COM
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MOD MOD PRINT 10 MOD 3 1 PRINT 10
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NEW NEW NEW COMMAND: Deletes the cu
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ON GOSUB ON GO SUB
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COMMAND: GOes to a BASIC SUB-routin
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OUT OUT , OUT &FBF4,&FF COMMAND:
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PI PI PRINT PI 3.14159265 FUNCTION:
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Note that when a semicolon; is used
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String Formats 10 CLS:a$="abcdefghi
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RELEASE RE LEA S E 10 SOUND 65,100
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RESTORE RE SI 0 R E [] 10 READ a$:P
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RIGHT$ RIG H-T $ ( , ) 10 MODE 1:
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SAVE S A V E dilename>[, diletype>]
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If the parameter is zero, the soun
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SPEED KEY S P E E D KEY , 10 CLS:
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STEP (See FOR) STOP STOP 10 FOR n=1
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To allocate space in the CPC612S's
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S Y M B 0 L AFT E R will NOT operat
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TEST T EST ( , ) 10 CLS 20 PRINT
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TRorr TRON TROFF TRON 113 TROFF:PRI
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WAIT W A I T
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WINDOW SWAP WIN D 0 W SW A P , 10
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XPOS XPOS 10 MODE 1:DRAW 320,200 20
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Backup Master Discs It is most impo
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When you have only one built-in dri
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Creating a Turnkey CP/M disc As wel
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Three useful sets of keyboard codes
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Part 2: Cassettes If you wish to us
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LOAD "" LOAD "",&1F40 MERGE '"' RUN
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LIST #9 OPENOUTandCLOSEOUT PRINT #9
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If the first character of the filen
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Disc directory Every disc has two s
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Notwithstanding the contents of the
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250 y=0:b=150:GOSUB 400 260 x=575:a
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ICPM ICPM COMMAND: Switch to altern
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ITAPE.IN ITAPE.IN COMMAND: Use tape
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cOPYTO: AMSTRADBASIC on tape * Bina
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Reference guide to AMSDOS error mes
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Part2:CP/M CP/MPlus Subjects covere
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Profile files can be constructed us
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Switching default drives If you hav
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Transient commands To perform more
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Colour Hex Decimal Colour Hex Decim
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The commands: .... or .... SET24X80
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PIP KEYBOARD.CPM=KEYS.CCP .... make
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Each disc can be assigned a label,
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Advanced programming Side 2 of your
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The program is menu-driven and when
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Chapter 6 Introduction to L This Se
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First Steps .... The? prompt tells
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Occasionally, when nearly all the n
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count Outputs the number of element
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* Iput (lastput) Outputs a new obje
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wordp Outputs T RUE if the input ob
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sin Outputs the sine of the input n
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Outputs T RUE if the first word is
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pots (print out titles) Displays th
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pr (print) Displays the input objec
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* dotc Outputs the colour number of
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* setscrunch Sets the graphic scree
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ht (hide turtle) Makes the turtle i
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* setx Moves the turtle's horizonta
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Property Lists: glist (get list) Ou
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* dirpic Outputs a list of picture
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keyp Outputs T RUE if a character h
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ent Set up a tone envelope. The for
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* nob'ace Turns offtrace monitoring
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RE DE FP When T RUE allows re-defin
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BASIC Control characters Value Name
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Value Name Parameter Meaning &14 20
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If you are tempted to PO K E around
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Machine specific BASIC graphics cha
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69 &H45 &X01000101 • 73 &H49 &X01
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109 &H6D &X01101101 113 &H71 &X0111
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149 &H95 &X10010101 153 &H99 &X1001
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189 &HBD &)(10111101 193 &HC1 &)(11
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229 &HE5 &)(11100101 233 &HE9 &)(11
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Part 4: I{ey references Default ASC
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Part 5: Sound Notes and tone period
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NOTE FREQUENCY PERIOD RELATIVE ERRO
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17 Cannot CONTinue For one reason o
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AMSDOS error DERR value Cause of er
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GOSUB, GOTO, GRAPHICS HEX$, HIMEM I
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Printer Port VIEWED FROM REAR 17 16
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CHR$ Character Printer U.K. U.S.A.
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Part 14: Memory The CPC6128 contain
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It is intended that the part of the
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[ESC]b CPC6128 Colour bits [ESC]c
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ChapterS More out the Bank anagerll
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The command: I S eRE ENS W A P , [
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The specifies which record is writ
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Beware the mismatch .... Obvious er
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Chapter 9 At your leisure .... This
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The BASIC in your Amstrad computer
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Whose afraid of the jargon? As with
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If this process sounds cumbersome,
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Reconsidering the table that introd
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Some of the characters that you wil
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(Each character has a corresponding
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PRINT 10 AND 1000 Results in 8 agai
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Print formatting The PR I N T comma
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PRINT USING "\ test s \";"test stri
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Each of the following commands may
Page 402 and 403: .... and you will see that the 4th
Page 404 and 405: Usmgdata .... In a program that alw
Page 406 and 407: 10 DIM a(5),b(5),s$(5) 20 FOR ;=1 T
Page 408 and 409: The sound of music .... Of all the
Page 410 and 411: Unless you are a very slow typist,
Page 414 and 415: Relative Volume Change 15 14 13 10
Page 416 and 417: The final part that can be added on
Page 418 and 419: In a complete program that may be m
Page 420 and 421: 24111 IF p1$="." THEN ch1%=I1I:RETU
Page 423 and 424: Now RUN, and once again the dotted
Page 425 and 426: Ink modes It is possible to draw us
Page 427: 10 REM latch animation 20 ON BREAK
Page 433 and 434: 1410 I B 1420 IF fLag=2 THEN 1470 1
Page 435 and 436: 2240 CLS:undraw=0:PRINT cmnd$(ro);:
Page 437 and 438: From then on, simply press the appr
Page 440 and 441: ppendixl Digital Research & AMSTRAD
Page 443 and 444: 6. Registration Card DRI may from t
Page 445 and 446: ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit. The part
Page 447 and 448: Base The prime numeric consideratio
Page 449 and 450: Built-in commands Commands that are
Page 451 and 452: Compiler A complex program that con
Page 456: Gate Logical gates permit the passa
Page 459 and 460: Interpreter A further extension of
Page 461 and 462: Machine Code The programming langua
Page 463 and 464: Numeric keypad The area on the keyb
Page 465 and 466: Pixel The smallest accessible area
Page 467 and 468: Raster A system of 'writing' on the
Page 470 and 471: Software Programs themselves. May b
Page 472 and 473: Transient program A CP/M utility pr
Page 474 and 475: Appendix 3 Some Programs For You ..
Page 476: Bomber A variation on a classic the
Page 479 and 480: Telly tennis The one that started i
Page 481 and 482: 75" PRINT" A 6 UP" 76" PRINT" Z 3 D
Page 484 and 485: 760 ' 770 pwpe=(p1wp=p2wp):IF p1sa
Page 486 and 487: 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600
Page 490 and 491: 1130 IF VRX%=0 GOTO 890 1140 IF P%(
Page 493 and 494: 2290 IF C%(J%,IC%)=6 GOTO 2310 2300
Page 495 and 496: 3010 DATA 310,355,310,375,350,355,3
Page 499 and 500: 1160 RETURN 1170 ON rm GOTO 1180,11
Page 502 and 503: 2410 ' 2420 'Draw switches 2430 ' 2
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c I BANKREAD ......................
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D DATA ............................
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I IBM format ......................
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N o MID$ ..........................
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RETURN key ........................
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T Switching on ....................
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x y WORD ..........................
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