DS 2-8 Earthquake Protection for Water-Based Fire ... - FM Global

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2-8 Earthquake Protection Page 2 FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets Fig. 11. Configuration 2 Fasteners with one diagonal and one vertical brace-fasterners into side of structural member ........................................................................................................................... 24 Fig. 12. Configuration 3 Fastener with two opposing diagonal braces−fasteners into face of structural member. .......................................................................................................................... 25 Fig. 13. Configuration 3 Fasteners with one diagonal and one vertical brace−fasteners into face of structural member. .......................................................................................................................... 25 Fig. 14. Detail of connection of sway brace to side of wood beam with through bolt. .............................. 26 Fig. 15 Dimensional locations for lag screws and through bolts in wood.. ................................................. 27 Fig. 16. Pilot hole sizing for lag screws−use with Table 8. ......................................................................... 27 Fig. 17. Examples of bracing attachments to piping ................................................................................... 34 Fig. 18. Arrangement of flexible couplings for risers passing through floors of multistory buildings .......... 35 Fig. 19. Arrangement of combination risers for ceiling sprinklers and in-rack sprinklers/hose stations ..... 36 Fig. 20. Arrangements for piping feeding in-rack sprinklers. ....................................................................... 37 Fig. 21. Arrangements for pipe drops supplying sprinklers below ceilings, mezzanines, walkways, ets. .. 38 Fig. 22. Seismic separation assembly for fire protection system piping that crosses a seismic building expansion joint above ground level .................................................................................. 39 Fig. 23. Example of building with three sprinkler rises and three types of sprinkler system configurations .52 Fig. 24. Layout and zones of influence for lateral and four-way riser sway bracing for System #1. .......... 52 Fig. 25. Layout and zones of influence for longitudinal and four-way riser sway bracing for System #1. .53 Fig. 26. Layout and zones of influence for lateral and four-way riser sway bracing for System #2. .......... 57 Fig. 27. Layout and zones of influence for longitudinal and four-way riser sway bracing for System #2. .57 Fig. 28. Layout and zones of influence for lateral and four-way riser sway bracing for System #3. .......... 60 Fig. 29. Layout and zones of influence for longitudinal and four-way riser sway bracing for System #3. .61 List of Tables Table 1. Weight of Water-Filled Pipe .............................................................................................................. 9 Table 2. Maximum Horizontal Loads (lb) for Steel Sway Brace Members in Compression (l/r = 100) ...... 12 Table 3. Maximum Horizontal Loads (N) for Steel Sway Brace Members in Compression (Metric) (l/r = 100) ........................................................................................................................................ 13 Table 4. Maximum Horizontal Loads (lb) for Steel Sway Brace Members in Compression (l/r = 200) ...... 14 Table 5. Maximum Horizontal Loads (N) for Steel Sway Brace Members in Compression (Metric) (l/r = 200) ........................................................................................................................................ 15 Table 6. Maximum Horizontal Loads (lb) for Steel Sway Brace Members in Compression (l/r = 300) ...... 16 Table 7. Maximum Horizontal Loads (N) for Steel Sway Brace Members in Compression (Metric) (l/r = 300) ........................................................................................................................................ 17 Table 8. Hole Dimensions for Lag Screws ................................................................................................... 29 Table 9. Maximum Horizontal Load for Through Bolts in Wood, lb ............................................................. 30 Table 10. Maximum Horizontal Load for Through Bolts in Wood, N ........................................................... 31 Table 11. Maximum Horizontal Load for Lag Screws in Wood, lb .............................................................. 31 Table 12. Maximum Horizontal Load for Lag Screws in Wood, N .............................................................. 32 Table 13. Maximum Horizontal Load for Post-Installed Concrete Expansion or Wedge Anchors in 2500 psi Normal Weight Concrete 1 ,lb ........................................................................................ 32 Table 14. Maximum Horizontal Load for Post-Installed Concrete Expansion or Wedge Anchors in 17.2 MPa Normal Weight Concrete 1 ,N ...................................................................................... 33 Table 15. Maximum Horizontal Load for Through Bolts in Steel (bolt perpendicular to mounting surface), lb ................................................................................................................................... 33 Table 16. Maximum Horizontal Load for Through Bolts in Steel (bolt perpendicular to mounting surface), N .33 Table 17. Horizontal Seismic Design Loads for System No. 1. ............................................................. 54 Table 18. Horizontal Seismic Design Load Calculations for System No. 2. ........................................... 58 Table 19. Horizontal Seismic Design Loads for System No. 3. ............................................................. 62 ©2010 Factory Mutual Insurance Company. All rights reserved.
Earthquake Protection 2-8 FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets Page 3 1.0 SCOPE This data sheet provides recommendations for earthquake protection of fixed water-based fire protection systems. Apply these recommendations to locations in FM Global 50-year through 500-year earthquake zones, as described in Data Sheet 1-2, Earthquakes. Loads and capacities in this data sheet are based on the Allowable Stress Design analysis method. 1.1 Changes May 2010. This data sheet has been revised in its entirety to provide a consistent format. Editorial corrections (such as revising metric sizes) were made throughout the document. Several technical revisions were made as well, the most significant of which include the following: • Clarified that design basis is Allowable Stress Design (Section 1.0). • Changed the design coefficient “G” for FM Global 50-year, 250-year, and 500-year zones (Section 2.2.1.2.2). • Modified information on attachments to concrete in Section 2.2.1.3.6. • Added flexibility guidelines for unanchored suction tanks (Section 2.2.6.1.4). • Added Section 2.3 regarding the use of other codes and standards. • Added references to Section 4.0. • Added glossary terms to Appendix A. • Relocated commentary to Appendix C. • Updated Figs. 2-6, 8, 10, 12, 14-16, and 18-29. • Revised brace capacities (Tables 2-7), wood through-bolt and lag-screw capacities (Tables 9-12), and concrete anchor capacities (Tables 13 and 14). • Made minor revisions to Tables 1, 8, and 15-19. 2.0 LOSS PREVENTION RECOMMENDATIONS 2.1 Introduction Earthquake-related strains are imparted to a fire protection system through the building or the ground to which it is attached, or through inertial movement within the system itself. Uncontrolled differential movement can cause damage when fire protection systems are not provided in a systematic manner with the necessary features that incorporate sway bracing, flexibility, clearance, and anchorage where needed. Because an uncontrolled fire after an earthquake can result in a devastating loss, the primary concern related to deficiencies in earthquake protection is that the fire protection systems will be impaired as a result of strong ground shaking. In terms of frequency, however, the most common type of damage, based on past experience, is due to water leakage from broken overhead sprinkler piping or sprinklers, primarily due to lack of sway bracing where needed. Common sources of water damage are broken or separated overhead sprinkler piping, broken sprinklers due to impact with nearby structural members or other equipment, broken sprinklers or pipe drops due to excessive differential movement between unbraced suspended ceilings and the pipe drops, and broken in-rack sprinkler system piping or sprinklers due to excessive rack movement. In addition to damage from water leakage, fire protection systems are often impaired due to direct damage to the systems, or due to damage to public water supplies or utilities needed for fire protection. Significant impairments to fire protection systems may expose a facility to a severe fire loss following an earthquake. In evaluating the many incidents of damage, two conclusions are very apparent: 1. Only by providing, in a systematic manner, the necessary features (which incorporate sway bracing, flexibility, clearance, and anchorage where needed) can a fire protection system be adequately protected from earthquake damage. ©2010 Factory Mutual Insurance Company. All rights reserved.
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DS 2-8 Earthquake Protection for Water-Based Fire ... - FM Global

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