Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling ... - CUSAT

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References Jones, D.E., Bevins, C.L. 1992. Paneth cells of the human small intestine express an antimicrobial peptide gene. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 23216– 23225. Jones, T.J., Overstreet, R.M., Lotz, J.M., Frelier, P.F. 1994. Paraophioidina scolecoides n. sp., a new aseptate gregarine form cultured Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 19, 67-75. Jorgensen, S.M., Kleveland, E.J., Grimholt, U., Gjoen, T. 2006. Validation of reference genes for real-time polymerase chain reaction studies in Atlantic salmon. Mar. Biotechnol. 8, 398–408. Joseph, A., Philip, R. 2007. Acute salinity stress alters the haemolymph metabolic profile of Penaeus monodon and reduces immunocompetence to white spot syndrome virus infection. Aquaculture. 272, 87–97. Juwana, S. 1990. Tinjauan tentang kebiasaan menggunakan antibiotik dalam dosis pencegahan pada hatchery. Oseana. 15, 93-105. Kagan, B.L., Selsted, M.E., Ganz, T., Lehrer, R.I. 1990. Antimicrobial defensin peptides form voltage-dependent ion-permeable channels in planar lipid bilayer membranes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87, 210-214. Kaiser, V., Diamond, G. 2000. Expression of mammalian defensin genes. J. Leukoc. Biol. 68, 779-784. Kalfa, V.C. Jia, H.V.P., Kunkle, R.A., McCray, P.B., Tack, B.F., Brogden, K.A. 2001. Congeners of SMAP29 kill ovine pathogens and induce ultrastructural damage in bacterial cells. Antimicrob. Agents Ch. 45, 3256–3261. Kang, C.J., Wang, J.X., Zhao, X.F., Yang, X.M., Shao, H.L., Xiang, J.H. 2004. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of Ch-penaeidin, an antimicrobial peptide from Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 6, 513-525. Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling of Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeid Shrimps 435
References Kang, J.H., Shin, S.Y., Jang, S.Y., Lee, M.K., Hahm, K.S. 1998. Release of aqueous contents from phospholipid vesicles induced by cecropin A 1–8 magainin 2 1–12 hybrid and its analogues. J. Pept. Res. 52, 45–50. Kanost, M.R. 1999. Serine proteinase inhibitors in arthropod immunity. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 234, 291-301. Kanyshkova, T.G., Semenov, D.V., Buneva, V.N., Nevinsky, G.A. 1999. Human milk lactoferrin binds two DNA molecules with different affinities. FEBS Lett. 451, 235–237. Kautsky, N., Ronnback, P., Tedengren, M., Troell, M. 2000. Ecosystem perspectives on management of disease in shrimp pond farming. Aquaculture. 191, 145–161. Kavanagh, K., Dowd, S. 2004. Histatins: antimicrobial peptides with therapeutic potential. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 56, 285–289 Keene, K.M., Foy, B.D., Sanchez-Vargas, I., Beaty, B.J., Blair, C.D., Olson, K.E. 2004. RNA interference acts as a natural antiviral response to O'nyong-nyong virus Alpha virus; Togaviridae infection of Anopheles gambiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 10149, 17240-17245. Keller, H., Pamboukdjian, N., Ponchet, M., Poupet, A., Delon, R., Verrier, J. L., Roby, D., Ricci, P. 1999. Pathogen-induced elicitin production in transgenic tobacco generates a hypersensitive response and nonspecific disease resistance. Plant Cell. 11, 223-235. Ketchem, R., Hu, W., Cross, T.A. 1993. High-resolution conformation of gramicidin A in a lipid bilayer by solid-state NMR. Science. 261, 1457- 1460. Khadijah, S., Neo, S.Y., Hossain, M.S., Miller, L.D., Mathavan, S., Kwang, J. 2003. Identification of White Spot Syndrome Virus latency-related genes in specific-pathogen-free shrimps by use of a microarray. J. Virol. 10162–10167. Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling of Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeid Shrimps 436
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Molecular Characterization and Gene
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Declaration I hereby do declare tha
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Acknowledgements This work was carr
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My Seniors, Dr. Annies Joseph, Dr.
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Contents Title Page Nos. 1 General
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in response to WSSV challenge 252-2
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α-2M Alpha-2-Macroglobulin ALF Ant
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ppA Prophenoloxidase-Activating Enz
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1.1 Introduction Chapter 1 Aquacult
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Chapter 1 the giant tiger shrimp (P
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Common names: Chapter 1 Giant tiger
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1.3.1. Diseases Chapter 1 Diseases
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Lymphoidal parvo-like virus (LPV) B
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Chapter 1 and protective occlusion
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Chapter 1 small brown masses in the
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1.4.6. Natural epidemics Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 can differentiate WSSV-in
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1.5.1.1. Probiotics Chapter 1 Alter
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Chapter 1 tried in P. monodon, resu
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Chapter 1 The first and essential i
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Chapter 1 1998). The innate immunit
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1.6.1 Haemocytes Chapter 1 The haem
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Chapter 1 In crustaceans, the sheet
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Chapter 1 Theopold et al., 2002). C
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Chapter 1 kill/remove the invading
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Chapter 1 forming complexes with a
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1.7 Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) 1
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Chapter 1 the response is very fast
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Chapter 1 Hirsch, 1947). While they
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Chapter 1 AMPs to various degrees u
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1.7.5 Biological activity Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 including the microbes as
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Tachyplesin I Chapter 1 Crustacea P
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Anionic and cationic peptides that
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Anionic and Cationic AMPs with cyst
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Chapter 1 Fig. 1.7. Structural clas
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Chapter 1 Group III: Linear peptide
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Chapter 1 through regular processes
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Chapter 1 ultimately signal to tran
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Chapter 1 divalent polyanionic cati
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Chapter 1 type of transmembrane por
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Chapter 1 other intracellular targe
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Chapter 1 Apidaecin, a short, proli
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Chapter 1 Hultmark, 1987; Gennaro a
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Chapter 1 quite opposite characteri
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Chapter 1 depletion of mitochondria
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Chapter 1 conformations adopted by
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Chapter 1 receptor may be a potenti
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Chapter 1 exposure to their targets
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Chapter 1 generating a rich spectru
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Chapter 1 by enkelytin (Goumon et a
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Lactoferricin Cow Mastitis control
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Chapter 1 trial, in which peptide T
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Chapter 1 a too limited spectrum to
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Chapter 1 number of research groups
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CHAPTER-2 Molecular Characterizatio
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Chapter 2 interaction with negative
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Chapter 2 inhibit the endotoxin or
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Chapter 2 structure be modified to
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Chapter 2 and the region might be l
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Chapter 2 been made of the spectra
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Chapter 2 their discovery and initi
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Chapter 2 terminal pyroglutamic aci
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Chapter 2 One can assume that the p
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Chapter 2 by degranulation into the
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2.2. Materials and Methods 2.2.1. E
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Chapter 2 washed by adding 1 ml 75
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Chapter 2 entry of recombinant DNA
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Chapter 2 and the deduced amino aci
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Chapter 2 Fenneropenaeus, Litopenae
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2.3.1.3. Crustin-1 (GQ334395) Chapt
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2.3.1.3.5. Phylogenetic analysis of
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Chapter 2 sequence also showed high
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Chapter 2 chinensis and F. indicus
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Chapter 2 monodon and Group III of
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Chapter 2 Tiger shrimp (P. monodon)
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Chapter 2 ALF-1 was a partial seque
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Chapter 2 As mentioned before, the
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Chapter 2 Munoz et al., 2004). The
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Table 2.1. Primers used for the stu
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Table 2.4. BLASTn analysis of ALF-2
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Table 2.8. BLASTn analysis of Crust
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Table 2.12. BLASTn analysis of Pena
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Fig.2.5. Agarose gel electrophoreto
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.9. Multiple alignme
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.12 A bootstrapped
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.15. Multiple align
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.18. A bootstrapped
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.20. Signal peptide
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.24 Multiple alignme
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FARFANTEP
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.28. Nucleotide and
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FENNEROPE
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.43 A bootstrapped n
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FENNEROPE
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.51 Signal peptide a
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Chapter 2 FENNEROPENAEUS SP. FARFAN
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CHAPTER-3 Molecular Characterizatio
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Chapter 3 certainly help us to unra
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Chapter 3 3.3.1.1. Anti-lipopolysac
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Chapter 3 was predicted out to be 1
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Chapter 3 random coiled structure t
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3.3.1.3.5. Phylogenetic analysis of
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Chapter 3 case has been reported in
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Chapter 3 Multiple alignments were
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Chapter 3 negative bacteria. In shr
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Chapter 3 indicated a random coiled
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Chapter 3 horseshoe crab big defens
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Table 3.4. BLASTn analysis of ALF-2
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Table.3.8. BLASTn analysis of Fi-pe
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.2. Nucleotide and a
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.5. Multiple alignme
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.8. Nucleotide and a
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.12. Multiple alignm
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.14. A bootstrapped
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SHRIMPS KIND CRAB LOBSTERS CRABS Ch
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Chapter 3 Fig. 3.28. Multiple align
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PENAEIDIN-2 Chapter 3 PENAEIDIN- 3
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Fig.3.31. Nucleotide and amino acid
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.37 Nucleotide and a
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4.1. Introduction Chapter 4 The aqu
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Chapter 4 appearance and have major
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Chapter 4 the tissues has recently
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Chapter 4 with the ability of shrim
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Chapter 4 with a low dose of WSSV b
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Chapter 4 molecules they are likely
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Chapter 4 for understanding gene ex
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Chapter 4 4.3.2. Expression profile
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Expression profile of endonuclease
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Chapter 4 bacterial and fungal infe
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Chapter 4 measuring TSV and YHV loa
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Chapter 4 Of particular interest he
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Chapter 4 large distribution and ab
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Chapter 4 WSSV genes viz. endonucle
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Table 4.2. Primers used for the stu
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 F
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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CHAPTER-5 Expression Profile of Ant
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Chapter 5 1994). The emergence of b
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Chapter 5 (Bovill et al., 2001). In
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5.2.2. Test diets Chapter 5 Four ex
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5.2.2.4. Preparation of Glucan inco
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Chapter 5 genes (latency related ge
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Chapter 5 On WSSV challenge, crusti
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Chapter 5 5.3.4. Expression profile
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5.3.4.5. Expression profile of pena
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Chapter 5 must firstly rest on a so
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Chapter 5 For the present study two
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Chapter 5 ameobocytes of two marine
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Chapter 5 variation in expression o
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Chapter 5 It has been previously sh
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Chapter 5 manifested in terms of gr
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(A) (B) (C) C CHY CSY CHG CSG C CHY
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(A) (B) -VE CTRL +VE CTRL CHG CSG C
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(A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) POST-CHALLENG
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(A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) (C) (D) CONTR
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(C) (D) (A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) CONTR
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(A) (B) G M HP HR I Chapter 5 Fig.
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Chapter 5 Fig. 5.26. Post challenge
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6.1. Introduction Chapter 6 Prophyl
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Chapter 6 production of inhibitory
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6.2. Materials and methods 6.2.1. E
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Chapter 6 tissue cDNA was performed
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Chapter 6 gene was supported by Bac
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Chapter 6 treated group of shrimps.
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Chapter 6 the gene was found to be
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Chapter 6 found to support minimum
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Chapter 6 is induced upon bacterial
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Chapter 6 all the target genes, exc
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Chapter 6 Detailed tissue-wise anal
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Chapter 6 Gills and intestine was f
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(A) (B) Fig. 6.1. Experimental diet
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(A) (B) (C) Fig. 6.3. Expression pr
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(A) (B) (C) C B M BM C B M BM Fig.
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(A) (B) (C) Fig. 6.7. Expression pr
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(A) (B) (C) Chapter 6 Fig. 6.9. Exp
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(A) (B) -VE CTRL +VE CTRL B M BM Ch
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(A) (C) (D) PRE-CHALLENGE POST-CHAL
Page 407 and 408: (A) (B) G M HP HR I Chapter 6 Fig.
Page 409 and 410: Chapter 6 Fig. 6.27. Post challenge
Page 411 and 412: 7.1. Summary Chapter 7 Tropical shr
Page 413 and 414: Salient findings Chapter 7 � From
Page 415 and 416: Chapter 7 � Tissue-wise expressio
Page 417 and 418: Chapter 7 application in shrimp cul
Page 419 and 420: References Aboudy, Y., Mendelson, E
Page 421 and 422: References Anggraeni, M.S., Owens,
Page 423 and 424: References Bals, R., Wang, X., Zasl
Page 425 and 426: References derived from the N-termi
Page 427 and 428: References Breukink, E., de Kruijff
Page 429 and 430: References Burgents, J.E., Burnett,
Page 431 and 432: References 1,3-β-D-glucan-binding
Page 433 and 434: References Chen, J.Y., Chuang, H.,
Page 435 and 436: References Cole, A.M., Hong, T., Bo
Page 437 and 438: References Dathe, M., Wieprecht, T.
Page 439 and 440: References Diamond, G., Zasloff, M.
Page 441 and 442: References Faber, C., Stallmann, H.
Page 443 and 444: References Flint, S.J., Enquist, L.
Page 445 and 446: References Gennaro, R., Zanetti, M.
Page 447 and 448: References Gudmundsson, G.H., Lidho
Page 449 and 450: References Harwig, S.S., Swiderek,
Page 451 and 452: References Hirakura, Y., Kobayashi,
Page 453 and 454: References Huang, C.C., Song, Y.L.
Page 455 and 456: References Itami, T., Takahashi, Y.
Page 457: References Jiravanichpaisal, P. Whi
Page 461 and 462: References Kono, T., Savan, R., Sak
Page 463 and 464: References rich peptide derived fro
Page 465 and 466: References Li, L., Wang, J.X., Zhao
Page 467 and 468: References Liu, C.H., Cheng, W., Ku
Page 469 and 470: References Lorenzon, S., de Guarrin
Page 471 and 472: References Marone, M., Mozzetti, S.
Page 473 and 474: References Medvinsky, A., Dzierzak,
Page 475 and 476: References Moriarty, D.J.W. 1996. M
Page 477 and 478: References antimicrobial peptide fr
Page 479 and 480: References Otta, S.K., Karunasagar,
Page 481 and 482: References simplex virus has heptad
Page 483 and 484: References infected shrimp. Thesis
Page 485 and 486: References Litopenaeus vannamei cha
Page 487 and 488: References Roth, B.L., Poot, M., Yu
Page 489 and 490: References Sathish, S., Musthaq, S.
Page 491 and 492: References a proline-arginine-rich
Page 493 and 494: References Smith, V.J., Fernandes,
Page 495 and 496: References Song, Y.L., Cheng, W., W
Page 497 and 498: References experimental system. In:
Page 499 and 500: References the black tiger shrimp P
Page 501 and 502: References Tapay, L.M., Cesar, E.,
Page 503 and 504: References Touhy, K.M., Probert, H.
Page 505 and 506: References van Hulten, M.C., Reijns
Page 507 and 508: References Vives, R.R., Imberty, A.
Page 509 and 510:
References Wang, Y.C., Chang, P.S.,
Page 511 and 512:
References Williams, M.J., Rodrigue
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References Wu, W., Zong, R., Xu, J.
Page 515 and 516:
References Yodmuang, S., Tirasophon
Page 517 and 518:
References Zhan, W.B., Wang, Y.H. 1
Page 519 and 520:
Penaeus monodon anti-lipopolysaccha
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Penaeus monodon crustin-like antimi
Page 523 and 524:
Penaeus monodon crustin-like antimi
Page 525 and 526:
Penaeus monodon penaeidin-like anti
Page 527 and 528:
Penaeus monodon elongation factor m
Page 529 and 530:
Fenneropenaeus indicus anti-lipopol
Page 531 and 532:
Fenneropenaeus indicus penaeidin-li
Page 533 and 534:
Fenneropenaeus indicus beta-actin m
Page 535 and 536:
PUBLICATIONS
Page 537 and 538:
Short sequence report Molecular cha
Page 539 and 540:
Fig. 2. Multiple alignment of nucle
Page 541 and 542:
220 The phylogenetic relationships
Page 543 and 544:
Table 1 Rearing conditions and wate
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5 ′ cttgtggttgacaatggctccg3
Page 547 and 548:
Expression of WSSV genes in the hae
Page 549 and 550:
Fig. 4. Expression profile of crust
Page 551 and 552:
S.P. Antony et al. / Immunobiology
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