Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling ... - CUSAT

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References environmental studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala. Jan-18-20, 2001. Abstracts, 5-59. Sinha, S., Cheshenko, N., Lehrer, R.I., Herold, B.C. 2003. NP-1, a rabbit α- defensin, prevents the entry and intercellular spread of herpes simplex virus type 2. Antimicrob. Agents Ch. 47, 494–500. Sitaram, N., Nagaraj, R. 1999. Interaction of antimicrobial peptides with biological and model membranes: structural and charge requirements for activity. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1462, 29–54. Sithigorngul, W., Rukpratanporn, S., Pecharaburanin, N., Longyant, S., Chaivisuthangkura, P., Sithigorngul, P. 2006. A simple and rapid immunochromatographic test strip for detection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) of shrimp. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 72, 101-106. Skerlavaj, B., Gennaro, R., Bagella, L., Merluzzi, L., Risso, A., Zanetti, M. 1996. Biological characterization of two novel cathelicidin-derived peptides and identification of structural requirements for their antimicrobial and cell lytic activities. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 28375–28381. Smith, P., Davey, S. 1993. Evidence for the competitive exclusion of Aeromonas salmonicida from fish with stress inducible furunculosis by a fluorescent pseudomonad. J. Fish Dis. 16, 521-524. Smith, P., Hiney, M.P., Samuelsen, O.B., 1994. Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents used in fish farming: A critical evaluation of method and meaning. Ann. Rev. Fish Dis. 4, 273-313. Smith, V.J., Brown, J.H., Hauton, C. 2003. Immunostimulations in crustaceans: does it really protect against infection? Fish Shellfish Immunol. 15, 71-90. Smith, V.J., Chisholm, J.R.S. 1992. Non-cellular immunity in crustaceans. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2, 1-31. Smith, V.J., Crisholm, J.R., 2001. Antimicrobial proteins in crustaceans. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 484, 95-112. Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling of Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeid Shrimps 469
References Smith, V.J., Fernandes, J.M., Kemp, G.D., Hauton, C. 2008. Crustins: Enigmatic WAP domain-containing antibacterial proteins from crustaceans. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 32, 758-772. Smith, V.J., Ratcliffe, N.A. 1980. Cellular defense reactions of the shore crab, Carcinus maenas: in vivo hemocytic and histopathological responses to injected bacteria. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 35, 65–74. Smith, V.J., Soderhall, K. 1983. β-1, 3 glucan activation of crustacean hemocytes in vitro and in vivo. Biol. Bull. Woodshole. 164, 299-314. Smith, V.J., Soderhall, K., Hamilton, M. 1984. β-1,3-glucans induced cellular defence reactions in the shore crab, Carcinus maenas. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 77A, 635-639. Snieszko, S.F. 1973. Recent advances in scientific knowledge and developments pertaining to diseases of fishes. Adv. Vet. Sci. Comp. Med. 17, 291-314. Snieszko, S.F. 1974. The effects of environmental stress on outbreaks of infectious diseases of fishes. J. Fish. Biol. 6, 197-208. Soderhall, I., Kim, Y.A., Jiravanichpaisal, P., Lee, S.Y., Soderhall, K. 2005. An ancient role for a prokineticin domain in invertebrate hematopoiesis. J. Immunol. 174, 6153-6160. Soderhall, K., Cerenius, L. 1998. Role of the prophenoloxidase-activating system in invertebrate immunity. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 10, 23–28. Soderhall, K., Cerenius, L., 1992. Crustacean immunity. Ann. Rev. Fish Dis. 2, 3-23. Soderhall, K., Iwanaga, S., Vasta, G.R. 1996. New directions in invertebrate immunology. SOS Publications. Soderhall, K., Smith, V.J. 1983. Separation of haemocyte population of Carcinus maenas and other marine decpods and prephenol oxidase distribution. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 7, 229-239. Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling of Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeid Shrimps 470
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Molecular Characterization and Gene
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Declaration I hereby do declare tha
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Acknowledgements This work was carr
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My Seniors, Dr. Annies Joseph, Dr.
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Contents Title Page Nos. 1 General
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in response to WSSV challenge 252-2
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α-2M Alpha-2-Macroglobulin ALF Ant
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ppA Prophenoloxidase-Activating Enz
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1.1 Introduction Chapter 1 Aquacult
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Chapter 1 the giant tiger shrimp (P
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Common names: Chapter 1 Giant tiger
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1.3.1. Diseases Chapter 1 Diseases
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Lymphoidal parvo-like virus (LPV) B
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Chapter 1 and protective occlusion
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Chapter 1 small brown masses in the
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1.4.6. Natural epidemics Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 can differentiate WSSV-in
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1.5.1.1. Probiotics Chapter 1 Alter
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Chapter 1 tried in P. monodon, resu
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Chapter 1 The first and essential i
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Chapter 1 1998). The innate immunit
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1.6.1 Haemocytes Chapter 1 The haem
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Chapter 1 In crustaceans, the sheet
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Chapter 1 Theopold et al., 2002). C
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Chapter 1 kill/remove the invading
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Chapter 1 forming complexes with a
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1.7 Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) 1
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Chapter 1 the response is very fast
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Chapter 1 Hirsch, 1947). While they
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Chapter 1 AMPs to various degrees u
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1.7.5 Biological activity Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 including the microbes as
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Tachyplesin I Chapter 1 Crustacea P
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Anionic and cationic peptides that
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Anionic and Cationic AMPs with cyst
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Chapter 1 Fig. 1.7. Structural clas
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Chapter 1 Group III: Linear peptide
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Chapter 1 through regular processes
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Chapter 1 ultimately signal to tran
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Chapter 1 divalent polyanionic cati
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Chapter 1 type of transmembrane por
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Chapter 1 other intracellular targe
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Chapter 1 Apidaecin, a short, proli
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Chapter 1 Hultmark, 1987; Gennaro a
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Chapter 1 quite opposite characteri
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Chapter 1 depletion of mitochondria
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Chapter 1 conformations adopted by
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Chapter 1 receptor may be a potenti
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Chapter 1 exposure to their targets
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Chapter 1 generating a rich spectru
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Chapter 1 by enkelytin (Goumon et a
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Lactoferricin Cow Mastitis control
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Chapter 1 trial, in which peptide T
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Chapter 1 a too limited spectrum to
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Chapter 1 number of research groups
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CHAPTER-2 Molecular Characterizatio
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Chapter 2 interaction with negative
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Chapter 2 inhibit the endotoxin or
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Chapter 2 structure be modified to
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Chapter 2 and the region might be l
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Chapter 2 been made of the spectra
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Chapter 2 their discovery and initi
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Chapter 2 terminal pyroglutamic aci
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Chapter 2 One can assume that the p
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Chapter 2 by degranulation into the
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2.2. Materials and Methods 2.2.1. E
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Chapter 2 washed by adding 1 ml 75
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Chapter 2 entry of recombinant DNA
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Chapter 2 and the deduced amino aci
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Chapter 2 Fenneropenaeus, Litopenae
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2.3.1.3. Crustin-1 (GQ334395) Chapt
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2.3.1.3.5. Phylogenetic analysis of
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Chapter 2 sequence also showed high
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Chapter 2 chinensis and F. indicus
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Chapter 2 monodon and Group III of
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Chapter 2 Tiger shrimp (P. monodon)
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Chapter 2 ALF-1 was a partial seque
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Chapter 2 As mentioned before, the
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Chapter 2 Munoz et al., 2004). The
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Table 2.1. Primers used for the stu
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Table 2.4. BLASTn analysis of ALF-2
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Table 2.8. BLASTn analysis of Crust
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Table 2.12. BLASTn analysis of Pena
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Fig.2.5. Agarose gel electrophoreto
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.9. Multiple alignme
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.12 A bootstrapped
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.15. Multiple align
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.18. A bootstrapped
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.20. Signal peptide
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.24 Multiple alignme
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FARFANTEP
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.28. Nucleotide and
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FENNEROPE
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.43 A bootstrapped n
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FENNEROPE
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.51 Signal peptide a
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Chapter 2 FENNEROPENAEUS SP. FARFAN
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CHAPTER-3 Molecular Characterizatio
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Chapter 3 certainly help us to unra
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Chapter 3 3.3.1.1. Anti-lipopolysac
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Chapter 3 was predicted out to be 1
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Chapter 3 random coiled structure t
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3.3.1.3.5. Phylogenetic analysis of
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Chapter 3 case has been reported in
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Chapter 3 Multiple alignments were
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Chapter 3 negative bacteria. In shr
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Chapter 3 indicated a random coiled
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Chapter 3 horseshoe crab big defens
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Table 3.4. BLASTn analysis of ALF-2
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Table.3.8. BLASTn analysis of Fi-pe
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.2. Nucleotide and a
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.5. Multiple alignme
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.8. Nucleotide and a
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.12. Multiple alignm
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.14. A bootstrapped
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SHRIMPS KIND CRAB LOBSTERS CRABS Ch
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Chapter 3 Fig. 3.28. Multiple align
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PENAEIDIN-2 Chapter 3 PENAEIDIN- 3
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Fig.3.31. Nucleotide and amino acid
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.37 Nucleotide and a
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4.1. Introduction Chapter 4 The aqu
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Chapter 4 appearance and have major
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Chapter 4 the tissues has recently
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Chapter 4 with the ability of shrim
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Chapter 4 with a low dose of WSSV b
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Chapter 4 molecules they are likely
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Chapter 4 for understanding gene ex
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Chapter 4 4.3.2. Expression profile
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Expression profile of endonuclease
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Chapter 4 bacterial and fungal infe
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Chapter 4 measuring TSV and YHV loa
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Chapter 4 Of particular interest he
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Chapter 4 large distribution and ab
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Chapter 4 WSSV genes viz. endonucle
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Table 4.2. Primers used for the stu
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 F
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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CHAPTER-5 Expression Profile of Ant
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Chapter 5 1994). The emergence of b
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Chapter 5 (Bovill et al., 2001). In
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5.2.2. Test diets Chapter 5 Four ex
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5.2.2.4. Preparation of Glucan inco
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Chapter 5 genes (latency related ge
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Chapter 5 On WSSV challenge, crusti
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Chapter 5 5.3.4. Expression profile
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5.3.4.5. Expression profile of pena
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Chapter 5 must firstly rest on a so
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Chapter 5 For the present study two
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Chapter 5 ameobocytes of two marine
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Chapter 5 variation in expression o
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Chapter 5 It has been previously sh
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Chapter 5 manifested in terms of gr
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(A) (B) (C) C CHY CSY CHG CSG C CHY
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(A) (B) -VE CTRL +VE CTRL CHG CSG C
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(A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) POST-CHALLENG
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(A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) (C) (D) CONTR
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(C) (D) (A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) CONTR
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(A) (B) G M HP HR I Chapter 5 Fig.
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Chapter 5 Fig. 5.26. Post challenge
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6.1. Introduction Chapter 6 Prophyl
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Chapter 6 production of inhibitory
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6.2. Materials and methods 6.2.1. E
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Chapter 6 tissue cDNA was performed
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Chapter 6 gene was supported by Bac
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Chapter 6 treated group of shrimps.
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Chapter 6 the gene was found to be
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Chapter 6 found to support minimum
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Chapter 6 is induced upon bacterial
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Chapter 6 all the target genes, exc
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Chapter 6 Detailed tissue-wise anal
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Chapter 6 Gills and intestine was f
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(A) (B) Fig. 6.1. Experimental diet
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(A) (B) (C) Fig. 6.3. Expression pr
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(A) (B) (C) C B M BM C B M BM Fig.
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(A) (B) (C) Fig. 6.7. Expression pr
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(A) (B) (C) Chapter 6 Fig. 6.9. Exp
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(A) (B) -VE CTRL +VE CTRL B M BM Ch
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(A) (C) (D) PRE-CHALLENGE POST-CHAL
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(A) (B) G M HP HR I Chapter 6 Fig.
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Chapter 6 Fig. 6.27. Post challenge
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7.1. Summary Chapter 7 Tropical shr
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Salient findings Chapter 7 � From
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Chapter 7 � Tissue-wise expressio
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Chapter 7 application in shrimp cul
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References Aboudy, Y., Mendelson, E
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References Anggraeni, M.S., Owens,
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References Bals, R., Wang, X., Zasl
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References derived from the N-termi
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References Breukink, E., de Kruijff
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References Burgents, J.E., Burnett,
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References 1,3-β-D-glucan-binding
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References Chen, J.Y., Chuang, H.,
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References Cole, A.M., Hong, T., Bo
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References Dathe, M., Wieprecht, T.
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References Diamond, G., Zasloff, M.
Page 441 and 442: References Faber, C., Stallmann, H.
Page 443 and 444: References Flint, S.J., Enquist, L.
Page 445 and 446: References Gennaro, R., Zanetti, M.
Page 447 and 448: References Gudmundsson, G.H., Lidho
Page 449 and 450: References Harwig, S.S., Swiderek,
Page 451 and 452: References Hirakura, Y., Kobayashi,
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Page 455 and 456: References Itami, T., Takahashi, Y.
Page 457 and 458: References Jiravanichpaisal, P. Whi
Page 459 and 460: References Kang, J.H., Shin, S.Y.,
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Page 463 and 464: References rich peptide derived fro
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Page 469 and 470: References Lorenzon, S., de Guarrin
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Page 475 and 476: References Moriarty, D.J.W. 1996. M
Page 477 and 478: References antimicrobial peptide fr
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Page 483 and 484: References infected shrimp. Thesis
Page 485 and 486: References Litopenaeus vannamei cha
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Page 489 and 490: References Sathish, S., Musthaq, S.
Page 491: References a proline-arginine-rich
Page 495 and 496: References Song, Y.L., Cheng, W., W
Page 497 and 498: References experimental system. In:
Page 499 and 500: References the black tiger shrimp P
Page 501 and 502: References Tapay, L.M., Cesar, E.,
Page 503 and 504: References Touhy, K.M., Probert, H.
Page 505 and 506: References van Hulten, M.C., Reijns
Page 507 and 508: References Vives, R.R., Imberty, A.
Page 509 and 510: References Wang, Y.C., Chang, P.S.,
Page 511 and 512: References Williams, M.J., Rodrigue
Page 513 and 514: References Wu, W., Zong, R., Xu, J.
Page 515 and 516: References Yodmuang, S., Tirasophon
Page 517 and 518: References Zhan, W.B., Wang, Y.H. 1
Page 519 and 520: Penaeus monodon anti-lipopolysaccha
Page 521 and 522: Penaeus monodon crustin-like antimi
Page 523 and 524: Penaeus monodon crustin-like antimi
Page 525 and 526: Penaeus monodon penaeidin-like anti
Page 527 and 528: Penaeus monodon elongation factor m
Page 529 and 530: Fenneropenaeus indicus anti-lipopol
Page 531 and 532: Fenneropenaeus indicus penaeidin-li
Page 533 and 534: Fenneropenaeus indicus beta-actin m
Page 535 and 536: PUBLICATIONS
Page 537 and 538: Short sequence report Molecular cha
Page 539 and 540: Fig. 2. Multiple alignment of nucle
Page 541 and 542: 220 The phylogenetic relationships
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Table 1 Rearing conditions and wate
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5 ′ cttgtggttgacaatggctccg3
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Expression of WSSV genes in the hae
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Fig. 4. Expression profile of crust
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S.P. Antony et al. / Immunobiology
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