Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling ... - CUSAT

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References Papagianni, M. 2003. Ribosomally synthesized peptides with antimicrobial properties: biosynthesis, structure, function, and applications. Biotechnol. Adv. 21, 465-499. Park, C.B., Kim, H.S., Kim, S.C. 1998. Mechanism of action of the antimicrobial peptide buforin II: buforin II kills microorganisms by penetrating the cell membrane and inhibiting cellular functions. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 244, 253–257. Park, C.B., Yi, K.S., Matsuzaki, K., Kim, M.S. Kim, S.C. 2000. Structure– activity analysis of buforin II, a histone H2Aderived antimicrobial peptide: the proline hinge is responsible for the cell-penetrating ability of buforin II. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 97, 8245–8250. Park, Y., Lee, D.G., Hahm, K.S. 2004. HP2–9-magainin 21–12, a synthetic hybrid peptide, exerts its antifungal effect on Candida albicans by damaging the plasma membrane. J. Pept. Sci. 10, 204–209. Parker, P.B. 1974. Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotic story. Ani. Nutr. Health. 29, 4-8. Patrzykat, A., Friedrich, C.L., Zhang, L., Mendoza, V., Hancock, R.E. 2002. Sublethal concentrations of pleurocidin derived antimicrobial peptides inhibit macromolecular synthesis in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Ch. 46, 605–614. Patterson-Delafield, J., Martinez, R.J., Lehrer, R.I. 1980. Microbicidal cationic proteins in rabbit alveolar macrophages: a potential host defense mechanism. Infect. Immun. 30, 180–192. Perez Farfante, I., Kensley, B.F. 1997. Penaeoid and Sergestoid Shrimps and Prawns of the World (Keys and Diagnoses for the Families and Genera); Editions du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Perez, A., Li, Q.X., Perez-Romero, P., Delassus, G., Lopez, S.R., Sutter, S., McLaren, N., Fuller, A.O. 2005. A new class of receptor for herpes Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling of Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeid Shrimps 457
References simplex virus has heptad repeat motifs that are common to membrane fusion proteins. J. Virol. 79, 7419–7430. Perez-Paya, E., Houghten, R.A., Blondelle, S.E. 1994. Determination of the secondary structure of selected melittin analogs with different hemolytic activities. Biochem. J. 299, 587-591. Perez-Romero, P., Fuller, A.O. 2005. The C terminus of the B5 receptor for herpes simplex virus contains a functional region important for infection. J. Virol. 79, 7431–7437. Persson, M., Cerenius, L., Soderhall, K. 1987. The influence of hemocyte number on the resistance of freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana, to parasitic fungus Aphanomyces astaci. J. Fish Dis. 10, 471-477. Persson, S., Killian, J.A., Lindblom, G. 1998. Molecular ordering of interfacially localized tryptophan analogs in ester- and ether-lipid bilayers studied by 2H-NMR. Biophys. J. 75, 1365-1371. Pestonjamasp, J., Piraino, J., Huttner, K., Gallo, R.L. 2001. Innate antimicrobial peptide protects the skin from invasive bacterial infection. Nature. 414, 454-457. Phoenix, D.A., Harris, F., Daman, O.A., Wallace, J. 2002. The Prediction of Amphiphilic α-Helices. Curr. Protein Pept. Sci., 3, 201-221. Phoenix, D.A., Harris, F., Dennison, S., Chatfield, L., Sayed, Z., Hussain, S. 2003. Antimicrobial therapy: old problems – new solutions. JEC. Qual. L. 1, 44-61. Pieterse, C.M., Van Loon, L.C. 1999. Salicylic acid-independent plant defence pathways. Trends Plant Sci. 4, 52-58. Pillai, P. 2007. Marine yeasts as source of immunostimulants and antioidants for Penaeus monodon. M Phil. Dissertation. Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India. Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling of Antimicrobial Peptides in Penaeid Shrimps 458
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Molecular Characterization and Gene
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Declaration I hereby do declare tha
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Acknowledgements This work was carr
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My Seniors, Dr. Annies Joseph, Dr.
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Contents Title Page Nos. 1 General
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in response to WSSV challenge 252-2
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α-2M Alpha-2-Macroglobulin ALF Ant
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ppA Prophenoloxidase-Activating Enz
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1.1 Introduction Chapter 1 Aquacult
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Chapter 1 the giant tiger shrimp (P
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Common names: Chapter 1 Giant tiger
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1.3.1. Diseases Chapter 1 Diseases
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Lymphoidal parvo-like virus (LPV) B
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Chapter 1 and protective occlusion
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Chapter 1 small brown masses in the
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1.4.6. Natural epidemics Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 can differentiate WSSV-in
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1.5.1.1. Probiotics Chapter 1 Alter
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Chapter 1 tried in P. monodon, resu
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Chapter 1 The first and essential i
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Chapter 1 1998). The innate immunit
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1.6.1 Haemocytes Chapter 1 The haem
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Chapter 1 In crustaceans, the sheet
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Chapter 1 Theopold et al., 2002). C
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Chapter 1 kill/remove the invading
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Chapter 1 forming complexes with a
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1.7 Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) 1
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Chapter 1 the response is very fast
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Chapter 1 Hirsch, 1947). While they
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Chapter 1 AMPs to various degrees u
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1.7.5 Biological activity Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 including the microbes as
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Tachyplesin I Chapter 1 Crustacea P
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Anionic and cationic peptides that
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Anionic and Cationic AMPs with cyst
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Chapter 1 Fig. 1.7. Structural clas
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Chapter 1 Group III: Linear peptide
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Chapter 1 through regular processes
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Chapter 1 ultimately signal to tran
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Chapter 1 divalent polyanionic cati
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Chapter 1 type of transmembrane por
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Chapter 1 other intracellular targe
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Chapter 1 Apidaecin, a short, proli
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Chapter 1 Hultmark, 1987; Gennaro a
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Chapter 1 quite opposite characteri
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Chapter 1 depletion of mitochondria
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Chapter 1 conformations adopted by
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Chapter 1 receptor may be a potenti
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Chapter 1 exposure to their targets
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Chapter 1 generating a rich spectru
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Chapter 1 by enkelytin (Goumon et a
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Lactoferricin Cow Mastitis control
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Chapter 1 trial, in which peptide T
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Chapter 1 a too limited spectrum to
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Chapter 1 number of research groups
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CHAPTER-2 Molecular Characterizatio
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Chapter 2 interaction with negative
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Chapter 2 inhibit the endotoxin or
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Chapter 2 structure be modified to
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Chapter 2 and the region might be l
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Chapter 2 been made of the spectra
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Chapter 2 their discovery and initi
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Chapter 2 terminal pyroglutamic aci
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Chapter 2 One can assume that the p
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Chapter 2 by degranulation into the
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2.2. Materials and Methods 2.2.1. E
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Chapter 2 washed by adding 1 ml 75
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Chapter 2 entry of recombinant DNA
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Chapter 2 and the deduced amino aci
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Chapter 2 Fenneropenaeus, Litopenae
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2.3.1.3. Crustin-1 (GQ334395) Chapt
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2.3.1.3.5. Phylogenetic analysis of
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Chapter 2 sequence also showed high
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Chapter 2 chinensis and F. indicus
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Chapter 2 monodon and Group III of
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Chapter 2 Tiger shrimp (P. monodon)
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Chapter 2 ALF-1 was a partial seque
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Chapter 2 As mentioned before, the
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Chapter 2 Munoz et al., 2004). The
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Table 2.1. Primers used for the stu
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Table 2.4. BLASTn analysis of ALF-2
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Table 2.8. BLASTn analysis of Crust
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Table 2.12. BLASTn analysis of Pena
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Fig.2.5. Agarose gel electrophoreto
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.9. Multiple alignme
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.12 A bootstrapped
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.15. Multiple align
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.18. A bootstrapped
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.20. Signal peptide
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.24 Multiple alignme
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FARFANTEP
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Chapter 2 Fig. 2.28. Nucleotide and
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FENNEROPE
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.43 A bootstrapped n
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Chapter 2 LITOPENAEUS SP. FENNEROPE
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Chapter 2 Fig.2.51 Signal peptide a
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Chapter 2 FENNEROPENAEUS SP. FARFAN
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CHAPTER-3 Molecular Characterizatio
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Chapter 3 certainly help us to unra
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Chapter 3 3.3.1.1. Anti-lipopolysac
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Chapter 3 was predicted out to be 1
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Chapter 3 random coiled structure t
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3.3.1.3.5. Phylogenetic analysis of
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Chapter 3 case has been reported in
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Chapter 3 Multiple alignments were
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Chapter 3 negative bacteria. In shr
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Chapter 3 indicated a random coiled
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Chapter 3 horseshoe crab big defens
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Table 3.4. BLASTn analysis of ALF-2
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Table.3.8. BLASTn analysis of Fi-pe
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.2. Nucleotide and a
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.5. Multiple alignme
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.8. Nucleotide and a
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.12. Multiple alignm
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.14. A bootstrapped
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SHRIMPS KIND CRAB LOBSTERS CRABS Ch
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Chapter 3 Fig. 3.28. Multiple align
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PENAEIDIN-2 Chapter 3 PENAEIDIN- 3
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Fig.3.31. Nucleotide and amino acid
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Chapter 3 Fig.3.37 Nucleotide and a
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4.1. Introduction Chapter 4 The aqu
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Chapter 4 appearance and have major
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Chapter 4 the tissues has recently
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Chapter 4 with the ability of shrim
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Chapter 4 with a low dose of WSSV b
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Chapter 4 molecules they are likely
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Chapter 4 for understanding gene ex
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Chapter 4 4.3.2. Expression profile
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Expression profile of endonuclease
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Chapter 4 bacterial and fungal infe
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Chapter 4 measuring TSV and YHV loa
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Chapter 4 Of particular interest he
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Chapter 4 large distribution and ab
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Chapter 4 WSSV genes viz. endonucle
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Table 4.2. Primers used for the stu
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 F
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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(A) (B) B 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
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CHAPTER-5 Expression Profile of Ant
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Chapter 5 1994). The emergence of b
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Chapter 5 (Bovill et al., 2001). In
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5.2.2. Test diets Chapter 5 Four ex
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5.2.2.4. Preparation of Glucan inco
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Chapter 5 genes (latency related ge
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Chapter 5 On WSSV challenge, crusti
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Chapter 5 5.3.4. Expression profile
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5.3.4.5. Expression profile of pena
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Chapter 5 must firstly rest on a so
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Chapter 5 For the present study two
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Chapter 5 ameobocytes of two marine
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Chapter 5 variation in expression o
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Chapter 5 It has been previously sh
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Chapter 5 manifested in terms of gr
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(A) (B) (C) C CHY CSY CHG CSG C CHY
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(A) (B) -VE CTRL +VE CTRL CHG CSG C
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(A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) POST-CHALLENG
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(A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) (C) (D) CONTR
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(C) (D) (A) PRE-CHALLENGE (B) CONTR
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(A) (B) G M HP HR I Chapter 5 Fig.
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Chapter 5 Fig. 5.26. Post challenge
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6.1. Introduction Chapter 6 Prophyl
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Chapter 6 production of inhibitory
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6.2. Materials and methods 6.2.1. E
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Chapter 6 tissue cDNA was performed
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Chapter 6 gene was supported by Bac
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Chapter 6 treated group of shrimps.
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Chapter 6 the gene was found to be
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Chapter 6 found to support minimum
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Chapter 6 is induced upon bacterial
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Chapter 6 all the target genes, exc
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Chapter 6 Detailed tissue-wise anal
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Chapter 6 Gills and intestine was f
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(A) (B) Fig. 6.1. Experimental diet
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(A) (B) (C) Fig. 6.3. Expression pr
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(A) (B) (C) C B M BM C B M BM Fig.
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(A) (B) (C) Fig. 6.7. Expression pr
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(A) (B) (C) Chapter 6 Fig. 6.9. Exp
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(A) (B) -VE CTRL +VE CTRL B M BM Ch
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(A) (C) (D) PRE-CHALLENGE POST-CHAL
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(A) (B) G M HP HR I Chapter 6 Fig.
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Chapter 6 Fig. 6.27. Post challenge
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7.1. Summary Chapter 7 Tropical shr
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Salient findings Chapter 7 � From
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Chapter 7 � Tissue-wise expressio
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Chapter 7 application in shrimp cul
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References Aboudy, Y., Mendelson, E
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References Anggraeni, M.S., Owens,
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References Bals, R., Wang, X., Zasl
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References derived from the N-termi
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References Breukink, E., de Kruijff
Page 429 and 430: References Burgents, J.E., Burnett,
Page 431 and 432: References 1,3-β-D-glucan-binding
Page 433 and 434: References Chen, J.Y., Chuang, H.,
Page 435 and 436: References Cole, A.M., Hong, T., Bo
Page 437 and 438: References Dathe, M., Wieprecht, T.
Page 439 and 440: References Diamond, G., Zasloff, M.
Page 441 and 442: References Faber, C., Stallmann, H.
Page 443 and 444: References Flint, S.J., Enquist, L.
Page 445 and 446: References Gennaro, R., Zanetti, M.
Page 447 and 448: References Gudmundsson, G.H., Lidho
Page 449 and 450: References Harwig, S.S., Swiderek,
Page 451 and 452: References Hirakura, Y., Kobayashi,
Page 453 and 454: References Huang, C.C., Song, Y.L.
Page 455 and 456: References Itami, T., Takahashi, Y.
Page 457 and 458: References Jiravanichpaisal, P. Whi
Page 459 and 460: References Kang, J.H., Shin, S.Y.,
Page 461 and 462: References Kono, T., Savan, R., Sak
Page 463 and 464: References rich peptide derived fro
Page 465 and 466: References Li, L., Wang, J.X., Zhao
Page 467 and 468: References Liu, C.H., Cheng, W., Ku
Page 469 and 470: References Lorenzon, S., de Guarrin
Page 471 and 472: References Marone, M., Mozzetti, S.
Page 473 and 474: References Medvinsky, A., Dzierzak,
Page 475 and 476: References Moriarty, D.J.W. 1996. M
Page 477 and 478: References antimicrobial peptide fr
Page 479: References Otta, S.K., Karunasagar,
Page 483 and 484: References infected shrimp. Thesis
Page 485 and 486: References Litopenaeus vannamei cha
Page 487 and 488: References Roth, B.L., Poot, M., Yu
Page 489 and 490: References Sathish, S., Musthaq, S.
Page 491 and 492: References a proline-arginine-rich
Page 493 and 494: References Smith, V.J., Fernandes,
Page 495 and 496: References Song, Y.L., Cheng, W., W
Page 497 and 498: References experimental system. In:
Page 499 and 500: References the black tiger shrimp P
Page 501 and 502: References Tapay, L.M., Cesar, E.,
Page 503 and 504: References Touhy, K.M., Probert, H.
Page 505 and 506: References van Hulten, M.C., Reijns
Page 507 and 508: References Vives, R.R., Imberty, A.
Page 509 and 510: References Wang, Y.C., Chang, P.S.,
Page 511 and 512: References Williams, M.J., Rodrigue
Page 513 and 514: References Wu, W., Zong, R., Xu, J.
Page 515 and 516: References Yodmuang, S., Tirasophon
Page 517 and 518: References Zhan, W.B., Wang, Y.H. 1
Page 519 and 520: Penaeus monodon anti-lipopolysaccha
Page 521 and 522: Penaeus monodon crustin-like antimi
Page 523 and 524: Penaeus monodon crustin-like antimi
Page 525 and 526: Penaeus monodon penaeidin-like anti
Page 527 and 528: Penaeus monodon elongation factor m
Page 529 and 530: Fenneropenaeus indicus anti-lipopol
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Fenneropenaeus indicus penaeidin-li
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Fenneropenaeus indicus beta-actin m
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PUBLICATIONS
Page 537 and 538:
Short sequence report Molecular cha
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Fig. 2. Multiple alignment of nucle
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220 The phylogenetic relationships
Page 543 and 544:
Table 1 Rearing conditions and wate
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5 ′ cttgtggttgacaatggctccg3
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Expression of WSSV genes in the hae
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Fig. 4. Expression profile of crust
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S.P. Antony et al. / Immunobiology
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