Forest Road Engineering Guidebook - Ministry of Forests
Forest Road Engineering Guidebook - Ministry of Forests
Forest Road Engineering Guidebook - Ministry of Forests
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One-season winter road construction<br />
<strong>Forest</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Engineering</strong> <strong>Guidebook</strong><br />
Similar to snow roads, one-season winter roads are constructed mainly from<br />
snow and ice, with a minimal amount <strong>of</strong> soil (10–20%) to assist the freezingin<br />
<strong>of</strong> the road, or to provide a more durable surface where infrequent midwinter<br />
thaws may occur. They are suitable for temporary access to winter<br />
harvest areas for one season only and are not intended to be reconstructed.<br />
Because <strong>of</strong> the high risk <strong>of</strong> sediment deposition during the spring freshet, soil<br />
should not be mixed with snow in the riparian management area <strong>of</strong> stream<br />
crossings. Log bundles and clean snow only should be used in gullies and<br />
riparian areas.<br />
Stripping is to be limited to the removal <strong>of</strong> large stumps that cannot be easily<br />
covered with snow or ice. Cuts into mineral or organic soil should not exceed<br />
300 mm in depth for sustained distances on slopes greater than 15% or<br />
500 mm in depth for short distances on steeper slopes up to 35%. Figure 18<br />
shows a finished one-season winter road.<br />
Figure 18. One-season winter road.<br />
Clearing width (see Appendix 5)<br />
Shallow cut on moderate slopes<br />
Soil cap<br />
Snow and brush<br />
mat with organics<br />
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