PhD Thesis - Cranfield University

Chapter 5
By regulating the parameter Pbattmax, which is fed to the PMS, the proportioning ratio of
powers can be biased towards the ultracapacitors. In effect, this forces ultracapacitor energy
to be drawn even though the load power demand trajectory does not explicitly require it.
Figure 5.14 graphically depicts the mapping of the FIS antecedents (velocity and
Ultracapacitor SoC) while Figure 5.15 shows the FIS decision surface composed of 9 rules
(i=9).
Velocity (km/h)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
151
Normalised Volatge
Vehicle Velocity
1
Fast
Med
Slow
Low
y i
Med
High
0 100
UC State of Charge (%)
Figure 5.14 Illustration of the FIS mapping from antecedent space to consequent space
Figure 5.15 FIS decision surface for the EMS.
(Velocity and ultracapacitor are the antecedents and Pbattmax is the consequent)