The Anatomy of A Silent Crisis The Anatomy of A Silent Crisis

End notes
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tMDK:21722173~menuPK:50003484~pagePK:2865
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137. World Bank (2008) estimates that per capita water
availability will fall by half by 2050 in the Middle East
and North Africa.
138. Karaisl, M. (2009). “Water crisis and climate change
in Mexico.” Climatico, January 21. http://www.
climaticoanalysis.org/post/water-crisis-and-climatechange-in-mexico-2/.
139. Jiménez, B. (2008): “Water and Wastewater
Management in Mexico City.” Integrated Urban Water
Management in Arid and Semi-arid Regions around the
world, L. Mays, Taylor & Francis Ltd.
140. 5% of Mexico City inhabitants and 15% of citizens
in the city’s municipalities still lack access to a
neighbourhood water tap with substantial disparities
between neighbourhoods.
141. Brun, J. (2007): “Adapting to impacts of climate
change on water supply in Mexico City.”
UNDP, Human Development Report 2007/2008
Background paper.
142. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía
Statistics, (2009)
143. Renner, M. (2008): “ Environment a Growing Driver
in Displacement of People.” World Watch Institute,
September. http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5888.
144. Ferris, E. (2007): “Making Sense of Climate Change,
Natural Disasters, and Displacement: A Work in
Progress.” Brookings-Bern Project on Displacement,
December 14. http://www.brookings.edu/
speeches/2007/1214_climate_change_ferris.aspx
145. 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees,
Art. 1A(2), 1951, as modified by the 1967 Protocol.
Working paper submitted by the informal group on
Migration/Displacement and Climate Change of the
IASC: “Climate Change, Migration and Displacement:
Who will be affected?”, 31 October 2008.
146. Deng, Francis, “The guiding principles on internal
displacement”, E/CN.4/1998/53/Add.l, February 11. New
York, NY: United Nations, New York: United Nations.
147. IOM. (2008). “World Migration 2008: Managing
Labour Mobility in the Evolving Global Economy”;
UNHCR (2007). “The 1951 Refugee Convention —
Questions & answers”.
148. Persons displaced temporarily or permanently due to
environmental causes, notably land desertification,
sea level rise and weather-related disasters.
149. Report estimate based on: Centre for Research on
the Epidemiology of Disasters Database, (2009), using
40% attribution of climate change and United Nations
University and Dalberg, UNU (2009): “As Ranks of
Environmental Refugees” Swell Worldwide, Calls
Grow for Better Definition, Recognition, Support.”
United Nations University-Institute for Environment and
Human Security. http://www.ehs.unu.edu/index.php/
article:130?menu=44.
150. According to Centre for Research on the Epidemiology
of Disasters and OCHA databases, weather related
disasters displaced around 3 million people in 2008.
Assuming a 40% attribution of climate change, over
1 million would have been displaced due to climate
change. The category ‘displaced’ includes evacuated,
short term displaced and permanently displaced people.
151. The informal group on Migration/Displacement and
Climate Change of the IASC: “Climate Change,
Migration and Displacement: Who will be affected?”,
31 October 2008.
152. OCHA. (2009): “Displaced by Natural Disasters.”
United Nations Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs. http://ochaonline.un.org/
News/InFocus/InternallyDisplacedPeopleIDPs/
DisplacedbyNaturalDisasters/tabid/5134/language/
en-US/Default.aspx.
153. UNU. (2009): “As Ranks of “Environmental Refugees”
Swell Worldwide, Calls Grow for Better Definition,
Recognition, Support.” United Nations University-
Institute for Environment and Human Security.
154. IASC. (2008): “The informal group on Migration/
Displacement and Climate Change of the IASC:
“Climate Change, Migration and Displacement: Who
will be affected?” IASC, 31 October.