g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili

signed short int aRwers niSnian mokle mTels, da misTvis gamoiyofa
mexsierebis 2 baiti. tipebi char, int, float da double gaCumebis principiT
arian niSnianebi. amitomac, wina magaliTSi moyvanili tipis aRwera
SeiZleba SevamokloT: short int. metic, tipi int imdenad mniSvnelovania,
rom bolo aRweraSi SeiZleba gamovtovoT int da vweroT marto short.
signed long int aris niSniani grZeli mTeli da misTvis gamoiyofa
mexsierebis 4 baiti. eseTi tipis monacemi SegviZlia agreTve aRvweroT
rogorc long int an long.
niSniani da uniSno mTelebs Soris gansxvaveba damokidebulia
imaze, Tu rogori interpretacia aqvs mTeli ricxvis ufros bits.
magaliTad, ricxvi +3-is warmodgena kompiuteris mexsierebaSi
Semdegia:
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
me-
15
……. . .
14
me-
4
me-
3
me-
2
1li
0ovani
biti
me-15 (ufrosi) biti - niSanTvisebis bitia, anu igi aCvenebs ricxvis
niSans: Tu me-15 bitSi weria 0 – ricxvi dadebiTia, Tu ki me-15 biti
udris 1-s – ricxvi uaryofiTia. amitom ricxvis sididis Casawerad
gamoiyeneba 15 biti (0-vanidan me-14-mde). rodesac gamocxadebulia
uaryofiTi mTeli ricxvi, kompilatori axdens e.w. damatebiTi kodis
generirebas, romelic am uaryofiTi ricxvis kodia. magaliTad,
uaryofiTi ricxvi -3 Caiwereba kompiuteris mexsierebaSi rogorc
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
me-
15
……. . .
ricxvi -3-is warmodgena miiReba Semdegnairad:
me-
4
me-
3
me-
2
1li
0ovani
biti
+3-s warmodgenaSi 0-ebi icvleba 1-ebiT da, piriqiT, 1-ebi 0-ebiT
(ris Sedegadac miiReba Sebrunebuli kodi); Semdeg ki umcros bits
emateba 1. miRebuli orobiTi ricxvi (damatebiTi kodi) aris uaryo-
fiTi ricxvi -3-is warmodgena kompiuteris mexsierebaSi.
rodesac ricxvis aRweraSi gamoiyeneba modifikatori unsigned, am
ricxvis ufrosi biti ukve ar ganixileba rogorc niSnis maCvenebeli.