g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili

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Sesavali programirebis ena C damuSavebul da realizebul iqna 1972 wels AT&T Bell Laboratories firmis TanamSromlis denis riCis mier. ena sakmaod moqnili da kompaqturia, amdenad igi swrafad gadaiqca programirebis erT-erT saWiro da popularul enad. mizanSewonilia aRvniSnoT C enis zogierTi Rirseba: C – Tanamedrove enaa. igi moicavs im mmarTvel konstruqciebs, romelic rekomendebulia Teoriuli da praqtikuli programi- rebisaTvis. misi struqtura xels uwyobs programists, gamoiyenos Tavis samuSaoSi daRmavali proeqtireba, struqturuli programireba da modulebis bijuri damuSaveba. aseTi midgomis Sedegia saimedo da advilad wasakiTxi programa. C – efeqturi enaa. misi struqtura saSualebas iZleva saukeTesod iqnas gamoyenebuli Tanamedrove egm-is SesaZleblobebi. C – mobiluri enaa, rac niSnavs rom erTi gamoTvliTi sistemi- saTvis C enaze dawerili programa, umniSvnelo cvlilebebiT an cvli- lebebis gareSe SeiZleba gadatanil iqnas sxva sistemaze. C – mZlavri da moqnili enaa. magaliTad, UNIX operaciuli sistemis didi nawili, aseve programirebis sxva enebis kompilatorebi da interpretatorebi dawerilia C enaze. garda amisa C enaze dawerili programebi gamoiyeneba fizikuri da teqnikuri problemebis gadasawyvetad. C – moxerxebuli enaa. igi sakmaod struqturirebulia, amdenad mxars uWers programirebis karg stils. C ena kompaqturi da efeqturi programebis miRebis saSualebas iZleva da amasTan, es programebi advilad SesaZlebelia modificirebuli da adaptirebuli iqnan egm-is axal modelebze. cnobilia, rom programirebis enebs, rogoricaa C++, Java, C#, UML da a.S. aqvs C enis semantika. 5
I Tavi. martivi monacemTa tipebi. enis operatorebi. 1.1. algoriTmis aRweris ena, enis sintaqsi, semantika. translatori, kompilatori, interpretatori nebismieri amocanis gadawyveta gulisxmobs garkveuli moqme- debebis Sesrulebas. moqmedebaTa anu brZanebaTa sasrul mimdevrobas, romlis zustad Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi, mocemul sawyis monacemebze dayrdnobiT, aRweven winaswar dasaxul mizans. arsebobs algoriTmis aRweris sxvadasxva xerxebi: sityvieri aRwera, anu misi aRwera nebismier bunebriv enaze; grafikuli aRwera, anu geometriuli figurebis (blokebis) gamoyenebiT, rodesac TiToeul bloks Seesabameba moqmedeba, xolo moqmedebaTa mimdevroba miTiTebulia mimarTuli isrebis saSualebiT. Tu ki algoriTmis Sesruleba unda xdebodes kompiuterze, maSin igi unda iyos aRwerili daprogramebis romelime enaze. am SemTxvevaSi algoriTms uwodeben programas. nebismieri informacia Caiwereba kompiuterSi e.w. orobiTi kodis saSualebiT: 1-ebisa da 0-ebis erTobliobiT. imisaTvis, rom algoriTmis Sesruleba SeiZlebodes kompiuterze, igi unda iyos Cawerili kompiuterisaTvis gasageb enaze (e.w. manqanur enaze, romelic yoveli tipis kompiuterisTvis gansxvavebulia da damokidebulia mis aparatul nawilze). pirveli programebi iqmneboda orobiT kodSi: monacemebi, (ufro sworad, maTi misamarTebi) da operaciebic (brZanebebi, romlebic sruldeboda monacemebze) warmodgenili iyo 0-ebisa da 1-ebis kombinaciiT. cxadia, rom programistisTvis es iyo rTuli amocana. daprogramebis enebis ganviTarebis Semdeg etapze Seiqmna asembleri. am enaSi programists SeeZlo manqanuri brZanebebis kodebis nacvlad am brZanebebis dasaxelebis gamoyeneba (inglisuri enis abreviaturebis gamoyeneba, magaliTad ADD, SUB da sxva), ufro metic, monacemebis damisamarTeba xdeboda ara mexsierebis ujredis misamarTis miTiTebiT, aramed am monacemebis dasaxelebis miTiTebiT (Semovida cvladis saxelis – identifikatoris – cneba). asemblerSi 6
Page 1 and 2: g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciS
Page 3 and 4: uak 681.3.06 saxelmZRvaneloSi warmo
Page 5: 2.3. mimTiTeblebi. mimTiTeblis gamo
Page 9 and 10: funqciebze). obieqturi modulis damu
Page 11 and 12: stilSic da orive stilSi erTdroulad.
Page 13 and 14: 1.2.4. komentari C-Si C-ze daweril
Page 15 and 16: signed short int aRwers niSnian mok
Page 17 and 18: ezervirebuli sityva void ANSI C sta
Page 19 and 20: operaciis marjvena mxares. magaliTa
Page 21 and 22: a=b++; Sesrulebis Sedegad a-s mniSv
Page 23 and 24: int a=3, b=4; float fartobi_1, fart
Page 25 and 26: } a=a*2; b=b+3; fartobi_2=0.5*a*b;
Page 27 and 28: urSi misi tipi ar mieTiTeba, maSin
Page 29 and 30: == - udris; != - ar udris. Sedarebi
Page 31 and 32: daabrunebs 0-s. rogorc vxedavT, Caw
Page 33 and 34: mzimiT gamoiyofa gamosaxulebebi, xo
Page 35 and 36: wesebi gviCvenebs, rom gamosaxulebi
Page 37 and 38: 1.6. failis CarTva #include saTao f
Page 39 and 40: 1.7. ganStoebis operatorebi if, if-
Page 41 and 42: 40 else printf("udidesi= %f", b); u
Page 43 and 44: a++; aq mocemulia if operatoris Sem
Page 45 and 46: { d=b; b=c; c=d; } if(a>b) { d=a; a
Page 47 and 48: { } case 1: z=3*x-y; break; case 2:
Page 49 and 50: if(nishani=='+') z=x+y; else if(nis
Page 51 and 52: marTvis gadacemas WdiT moniSnul ope
Page 53 and 54: ciklis tani ar Sesruldeba, marTva g
Page 55 and 56: #include /* evklides algoriTmi */ m
Page 57 and 58:
programis muSaobis Sedegebi: 1). Se
Page 59 and 60:
Sesruleba (1/0)? "); romlis Semdega
Page 61 and 62:
3. Tu gamosaxuleba_2-s mniSvneloba
Page 63 and 64:
for( ; ; ) printf("usasrulo cikli\n
Page 65 and 66:
if(b) printf("martivia"); else prin
Page 67 and 68:
1.11. simboluri Setana-gamotana C-S
Page 69 and 70:
char ch; return 0; } printf("Seitan
Page 71 and 72:
moviyvanoT programa, romelic klavia
Page 73 and 74:
#include #include main() { } char c
Page 75 and 76:
main() { } { char p; while ((p = ge
Page 77 and 78:
II Tavi. monacemTa struqturirebuli
Page 79 and 80:
magaliTad, Tu mocemulia aRwera char
Page 81 and 82:
ganvixiloT masivis gamoyenebis ramd
Page 83 and 84:
max-min=356.65 4. dabeWdeT n-elemen
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#include #include #define n 6 main(
Page 87 and 88:
c masivSi elementebi gaerTianebulia
Page 89 and 90:
2.3. mimTiTeblebi. mimTiTeblis gamo
Page 91 and 92:
ganvixiloT sailustracio programa: #
Page 93 and 94:
Tu ori mimTiTebeli miuTiTebs erTi d
Page 95 and 96:
if(*(a+i)
Page 97 and 98:
getch(); return 0; } printf("Semoit
Page 99 and 100:
striqonis sigrZe = 16 Tu programaSi
Page 101 and 102:
funqcia strcmp agreTve aRwerilia st
Page 103 and 104:
#include #include int main(void)
Page 105 and 106:
#include #include #include int m
Page 107 and 108:
#include #include int main(void)
Page 109 and 110:
#include #include #include int m
Page 111 and 112:
2.5. funqciis Seqmna da gamoyeneba
Page 113 and 114:
2.5.1. funqciis argumentebi formalu
Page 115 and 116:
programis Sedegi Semdegnairad gamoi
Page 117 and 118:
2.5.2. lokaluri cvladebi funqciaSi
Page 119 and 120:
} extern int ext; printf("Secdomaa.
Page 121 and 122:
mexsierebis klasi saSualebas iZleva
Page 123 and 124:
} for(count = 1;count
Page 125 and 126:
2. gare statikuri, arsebobis xangrZ
Page 127 and 128:
2.7.3. dinamiuri obieqtis sicocxlis
Page 129 and 130:
} struqturis-tipis-saxeli; typedef(
Page 131 and 132:
2.8.1. struqturis komponentebze wvd
Page 133 and 134:
mocemuli CamoTvliTi tipis calkeuli
Page 135 and 136:
2.9. mimTiTeblebi da struqturebi ga
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dasasrulis simbolo, w.S. - nulovan
Page 139 and 140:
"a+" - teqsturi faili ixsneba an iq
Page 141 and 142:
main( ) { } FILE *fi; int age; fi=f
Page 143 and 144:
2.11.7. funqcia fseek( ) fseek( ) f
Page 145 and 146:
III Tavi. grafikuli reJimi 3.1. gra
Page 147 and 148:
3.2. organzomilebiani grafika mocem
Page 149 and 150:
move(x[0], ?[0]); for(j=1; j
Page 151 and 152:
literatura 1. g. gogiCaiSvili, g. s
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