giorgi gedeniZe
giorgi gedeniZe
giorgi gedeniZe
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gamosxivebuli (an STanTqmuli) kvantis rxevis sixSire ganisazRvreba<br />
formuliT:<br />
Em<br />
En<br />
Em<br />
En<br />
o mn= - & omn<br />
.<br />
h<br />
=<br />
h<br />
- (2) romelic SeiZleba asec davweroT<br />
h<br />
1 1<br />
= (Em –E n<br />
). (3)<br />
l hc<br />
maqsvelis eleqtrodinamikis Tanaxmad, aCqarebulad moZravi muxtis<br />
mier gamo sxivebuli eleqtromagnituri talRis sixSire toli unda iyos<br />
birTvis garSemo muxtis brunvis sixSiris.<br />
<br />
6. rogor fiqrobT, winaaRmdegobaSia Tu ara boris<br />
meore postulati maqsvelis eleqtrodinamikasTan axseniT,<br />
ratom fiqrobT ase<br />
klasikuri meqanikis Tanaxmad, eleqtronma SeiZleba imoZraos nebismieri<br />
radiusis wrewirze. boris pirveli postulatis mixedviT, radgan energiam<br />
SeiZleba miiRos mxo lod gansazRvruli mniSvneloba, amitom atomSi<br />
orbitebis radiusebi ar SeiZleba iyos nebismieri. am Seusabamobis<br />
dasaZlevad borma SemoiRo dakvantvis wesi. man dauSva, rom eleqtronis<br />
impulsis namravli orbitis radiusze plankis mudmivas jeradia mvr =<br />
nћ, sadac n =1, 2, 3...., m _ eleqtronis masaa, v orbitaze eleqtronis<br />
siCqaris moduli, r _ orbitis radiusi, mv _ eleqtronis impulsis<br />
moduli, mvr _ eleqtronis impulsis momentis moduli, ћ=1,05 . 10 -34 j.wm<br />
plankis mudmivaa (ћ _ ikiTxeba haS xaziani).<br />
dakvantvis wesis gamoyenebiT borma SeZlo orbitebis SesaZlo<br />
radiusebis gansazRvra.<br />
nivTierebis atomebze sinaTliT, rentgenis sxivebiT, α-nawilakebis an<br />
eleqtronebis nakadis zemoqmedebiT SeiZleba gamoviwvioT atomis gadasvla<br />
erTi stacionaruli mdgomareobidan meoreSi. atomis mdgomareobis<br />
am cvlilebas atomis aRgzneba ewodeba.<br />
aRgznebul mdgomareobaSi atomi metad mcire xans rCeba (wamis memiliardedi<br />
nawili). aRgznebuli atomi Tavis normalur araaRgznebul<br />
mdgomareobaSi dabrunebisas gamoasxivebs fotons, romlis sixSire ganisazRvreba<br />
(2) formuliT.<br />
atomi stacionarul mdgomareobaSi ar asxivebs. atomis mier energiis<br />
gamosxiveba xdeba, rodesac atomi meti energiis mdgomareobidan<br />
naklebi energiis mdgomareobaSi gadadis. STanTqma ki _ rodesac naklebi<br />
energiis mdgomareobidan gadadis meti energiis mdgomareobaSi.<br />
am sakiTxebze informacia moipoveT internetSi misamarTze:<br />
http://physics.ru/courses/op25part2/content/chapter6/section/paragraph2/theory.html<br />
http://physics.ru/courses/op25part2/content/models/hydrogenatom.html<br />
davaleba<br />
gadawereT formulebi<br />
Epot =k<br />
q 1<br />
q 2<br />
R<br />
, E kin<br />
= mv2 ,<br />
2<br />
ganmarteT formulebSi Semavali TiToeuli fizikuri sidide da<br />
miuTiTeT maTi erTeuli SI-Si.<br />
9
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