giorgi gedeniZe
giorgi gedeniZe
giorgi gedeniZe
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aRac mizezis gamo dedamiwis irgvliv wriul orbitaze moZravi<br />
Tanamgzavris siCqare nulamde Semcirda.<br />
<br />
5. rogoria Tqveni azri, ra moxdeba Semdeg SeZlebs<br />
Tanamgzavri orbitaze mdebareobis SenarCunebas<br />
axseniT, ratom fiqrobT ase<br />
6. SeuZliaT Tu ara eleqtronebs atomSi uZravad yofna axseniT,<br />
ratom fiqrobT ase<br />
wlebis ganmavlobaSi Catarebuli mravali cdis analizis Sedegad<br />
rezerfordma 1911 wels wamoayena atomis Semdegi modeli: atomi Sedgeba<br />
dadebiTad damuxtuli atombirTvisagan, romelsac ukavia atomis mTeli<br />
moculobis umniSvnelod mcire nawili. atombirTvis garSemo SedarebiT<br />
did manZilze, gansazRvrul orbitebze moZraoben eleqtronebi.<br />
amgvarad, atomi warmodgenili gvaqvs patara masStabis<br />
planetaTa sistemis saxiT. amitom atomis aseT models<br />
planetaruli modeli ewodeba (sur. 7.1).<br />
<br />
7. romeli elementis atomis mo delia<br />
gamosaxuli 87.1 suraTze ris gan Sedgeba<br />
igi<br />
sur. 7.1<br />
ram `aiZula~ rezerfordi atomis agebulebis swored<br />
planetaruli modeli Seeqmna da ara sxva<br />
atomis planetaruli modelis pirdapiri eqsperi mentuli da sabuTebaa<br />
α-nawilakebis gabnevis cdebi.<br />
<br />
8. aCqarebulia eleqtronebis moZraoba atomSi<br />
axseniT, ratom fiqrobT ase<br />
9. ra aris eleqtromagnituri talRebis gamosxivebis wyaro<br />
10. rogor Seicvleba manZili eleqtronebsa da birTvs Soris, Tu<br />
atomi energias eleqtromagnituri talRebis gamosxivebaze dakargavs<br />
niutonis meqanikasa da maqsvelis eleqtrodinamikaze damyarebuli sruliad<br />
mkacri gamoTvlebi aCvenebs, rom eleqtroni metad mcire, daaxloebiT<br />
10 -8 wm-Si unda daeces birTvs da atomma arseboba unda Sewyvitos.<br />
sinamdvileSi msgavsi araferi xdeba. atomi mdgradia da SeuZlia ganusaz-<br />
Rvrelad didxans iarsebos. miRebuli winaaRmdegoba Teoriasa da cdas<br />
Soris Sedegia klasikuri fizikis kanonebis gamoyenebisa atomis SigniT<br />
mimdinare procesebis mimarT.<br />
aqedan SeiZleba erTaderTi daskvnis gamotana: atomuri movlenebisaTvis<br />
klasikuri fizikis kanonebi ar gamodgeba.<br />
rezerfordis cdebis analiziT sqematurad warmovadgineT atomis<br />
planetaruli modeli.<br />
7
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