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Abstract
The Flemish Centre for Best Available Techniques (BAT centre) is founded by the Flemish
Government and hosted by VITO. The BAT centre collects and distributes information on
pollution prevention techniques. Moreover, it advises the Flemish authorities on how to
translate this information to its environmental permit regulation and to the eco-investment
support policy. Central in this translation is the concept “BAT”. BAT corresponds to the
techniques with the best overall environmental performance that can be introduced at a
reasonable cost.
This publication is a BAT study on the printing industry. Most printing processes are
included. The most important exceptions are screenprinting, finishing (cutting, folding etc.)
and the manufacturing of gravure cylinders. For the galvanic processes, as used in the
manufacture of gravure cylinders, a separate Flemish BAT study “Beste Beschikbare
Technieken (BBT) voor het elektrolytisch behandelen, chemisch behandelen en ontvetten
met oplosmiddelen van metalen oppervlakken” (1997/PPE/R/054) is available. This study
is limited to printing on cardboard and paper. It includes emissions into water, air, and
soil, as well as hazardous waste and nuisance through noise and smell.
Information on BAT in the printing industry was mainly obtained from expertise present in
Belgium, Germany, France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Over 50 different
BAT recommendations for Flanders were based on this information.
The technical and economical feasibility of these BAT was examined. Using BAT as
guidance, the study proposes to the Flemish authorities:
- emission limit values and other permit conditions (these permit conditions are in line
with those proposed in the European VOC Directive);
- techniques for which investment support may be offered because they are favourable
to environmental benefit.
If these proposals are followed, the printing industry can reduce its VOC emissions
substantially. The current VOC emission of the printing industry is estimated at about 3.600
ton/year. On the other hand the BAT proposed do not compromise the economical health of
the sector.
In a separate report (1998/PPE/R/009) an evaluation is made of the relevant environmental
permit conditions that are used in Flemish environmental law at present.