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76<br />

34<br />

KHALED MASHAAL<br />

Leader of Hamas<br />

Current leader of Hamas, a Palestinian sociopolitical<br />

organization, and head of its Syrian political bureau, Khaled<br />

Mashaal is <strong>the</strong> international representative for <strong>the</strong> Palestinian<br />

resistance to <strong>the</strong> Israeli occupation.<br />

Fighter for Social Justice<br />

Since becoming head of Hamas in 2004, Khaled Mashaal<br />

has seen <strong>the</strong> organization through multiple attempts at<br />

a roadmap to peace and a major Israeli siege of <strong>the</strong> Gaza<br />

strip, more recently. He is steadfast in his commitment to <strong>the</strong> Palestinian people and land—a<br />

fact that has made him popular throughout <strong>the</strong> Muslim world.<br />

Pioneering Leader<br />

Mashaal has been recognized for his persistence with Hamas's efforts—at present leading in<br />

exile from Syria. His determination is combined with a unique effort at diplomacy. He has<br />

shown a willingness to negotiate with Israel to return to <strong>the</strong> 1967 borders and grant Palestinians<br />

a right of return, while importantly implying <strong>the</strong> necessary existence of <strong>the</strong> State of Israel,<br />

despite Hamas's historic denial of that possibility. He has been one of <strong>the</strong> <strong>most</strong> direct, and<br />

candid leaders in dialogue and confrontation with Israel and this influence has garnered<br />

international recognition.<br />

35<br />

PROFESSOR DR M DIN SYAMSUDDIN<br />

Chairman of Muhammadiyah, Indonesia<br />

As chairman of <strong>the</strong> second largest socio-religious organization<br />

in Indonesia, as well as a leader of <strong>the</strong> Indonesian<br />

Ulema Council, Din Syamsuddin influences <strong>the</strong> Muslim<br />

world on various fronts.<br />

Social Welfare<br />

<strong>The</strong> Muhammadiyah is often described as a social welfare<br />

entity. Syamsuddin is involved with <strong>the</strong> health and social<br />

welfare efforts of <strong>the</strong> organization. It runs numerous medical<br />

clinics and hospitals across <strong>the</strong> country.<br />

Country: Palestine<br />

Date of Birth: 1956<br />

Source of Influence: Political<br />

Influence: Leader of<br />

approximately 1000 members in<br />

military wing of Hamas<br />

School of Thought: Sunni,<br />

Muslim Bro<strong>the</strong>rhood<br />

Country: Indonesia<br />

Date of Birth: 31 August 1958<br />

Source of Influence: Scholarly,<br />

Administrative, Development<br />

Influence: Over 28<br />

million members in <strong>the</strong><br />

Muhammadiyah, 5,754<br />

affiliate schools, and 5 <strong>Islamic</strong><br />

universities.<br />

School of Thought: Traditional<br />

Sunni<br />

Leader of Conservative Shift<br />

Syamsuddin is vice general chair of <strong>the</strong> Indonesian Ulema Council. His opposition to religious<br />

pluralism has guided his work, taking <strong>the</strong> Muhammadiyah on a more conservative track, with<br />

an emphasis on ijtihad (individual interpretation of <strong>the</strong> Qur’an) and Hadith (accounts of<br />

practices of <strong>the</strong> Prophet Muhammad).<br />

Reformist<br />

Syamsuddin has recently extended scholarships for students to study at <strong>the</strong> Muhammadiyah<br />

universities in Indonesia.

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