Onsite Use of Recycled Asphalt Pavement Materials and Geocells to ...

List of Figures
Figure 2.1 Usage and potential of various RAP percentages in the
intermediate layer 14
Figure 2.2 Usage and potential of various RAP percentages in the
surface layer 15
Figure 2.3 States with increased RAP used since 2007 15
Figure 3.1 Grain size distribution curve of Kansas River (KS) sand 23
Figure 3.2 Standard Proctor compaction and CBR curves of the subgrade 24
Figure 3.3 Power gradation curve of the aggregates extracted by the ignition
method before and after compaction 26
Figure 3.4 Standard Proctor compaction and CBR curves of RAP 27
Figure 3.5 The bundled NPA Geocell used in this research 28
Figure 3.6 Non-woven geotextile used in this research 30
Figure 3.7 Earth pressure cells on the top of the subgrade 32
Figure 3.8 Strain gauge affixed on geocell 33
Figure 3.9 Pavement strain gauge 33
Figure 3.10 Displacement transducers and tell tales through the loading plate 35
Figure 3.11 Smart Dynamic Strain Recorder and software for data acquisition 36
Figure 3.12 Experimental set up of a typical test section in the large
geotechnical test box 37
Figure 3.13 Cyclic loading wave form 38
Figure 3.14 Vane shear test apparatus 39
Figure 3.15 Light weight deflectometer test on the prepared test section 41
Figure 3.16 Vibratory plate compactor 41
Figure 3.17 Samples taken by core cutter at different locations 42
Figure 4.1 Plan view of geocell layout in the large box test 46
Figure 4.2 Geocell installed on the geotextile over the subgrade 46
Figure 4.3 Symbols, orientations, and locations of strain gauges 47
Figure 4.4 Prime coat on the RAP base with the tell-tale and pavement strain gauge 49
Figure 4.5 Compaction of HMA surface by the vibratory plate compactor 50
Figure 4.6 Setup of the tell tales and the displacement transducers 51
Figure 4.7 Surface deformation of the HMA surface under the loading plate
after the test 52
Figure 4.8 Stress distribution through the pavement structure under an applied load 54
Figure 4.9 The CBR profiles obtained from the DCP tests for the 15 cm thick
unreinforced RAP base section 55
Figure 4.10 The calculated dynamic deformation modulus versus the size of loading
plate for the 15 cm thick unreinforced RAP base section 56
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