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GLOB.IDEALIZATION MOND.IDÉALISATION - Faculty of Social ...

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213 | Mond.Idéalisation<br />

Nootan Kumar | The Evolution <strong>of</strong> Consciousness<br />

and livelihood security and to biodiversity, due to environmental degradation,<br />

depletion <strong>of</strong> natural resources and climate change caused by industrialization,<br />

consumerism and overpopulation. 56 Human insecurity relates to intensifying<br />

and <strong>of</strong>ten transboundary warfare, terrorism, and crime 57 , as well as to<br />

deepening poverty and the widening gap between the rich and poor around<br />

the world. 58<br />

Regarding other characteristics <strong>of</strong> globalization foretold in the text,<br />

one striking feature observed today in particular is the shifting <strong>of</strong> identities.<br />

New solidarities are being created by individuals and groups no longer<br />

necessarily held together by bonds <strong>of</strong> family, ethnicity, caste, religion or<br />

nation (although all still salient to varying degrees, nonetheless), but by bonds<br />

59<br />

arising from the creation <strong>of</strong> new, hybrid, transterritorial identities based on<br />

gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic class, language, personal interests,<br />

environmental movements, virtual relationships and anything in between.<br />

Another feature, the decline <strong>of</strong> belief in revealed or intuitive spiritual wisdom<br />

and its replacement by technical knowledge 60<br />

, can also be observed in the<br />

dominance <strong>of</strong> the scientific method and the rational mode <strong>of</strong> knowledge,<br />

56 Clapp & Dauvergne, Paths to a Green World; King, “One planet, one spirit”; Laszlo,<br />

Worldshift 2012; Scholte, Globalization: A critical introduction.<br />

57 Baylis, et al., “Introduction.”; Scholte, Globalization: A critical introduction.<br />

58 Groody, Globalization, spirituality, and justice; Krishna, Globalization and postcolonialism; Scholte,<br />

Globalization: A critical introduction.<br />

59 Nederveen Pieterse, Globalization and culture; Rifkin, Spiritual perspectives on globalization and<br />

culture; Scholte, Globalization: A critical introduction.<br />

60 Rifkin, Spiritual perspectives on globalization.

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