Forensic Pathology for Police - Brainshare Public Online Library

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Chapter 21 Miscellaneous Topics They die in an instant, in the middle of the night; the people are shaken and they pass away; the mighty are removed without human hand. Job 34:20 Abstract Chapter 21 encompasses numerous topics that are either too overlapping in their content to fit nicely into a previous chapter, or too narrowly focused or uncommon to deserve a chapter by themselves. This relatively lengthy chapter includes discussions on a wide array of topics, including aircraft crashes, allergic reactions, animal attacks, artifacts and mimics, emboli, exhumations, explosions and blast injuries, high-profile cases, homicide by heart attack, in-custody deaths, mass fatality incidents, cases with multiple causes of death, nutrition and hydration disorders, food poisoning, occupational deaths, organ and tissue procurement issues, postmortem chemistry tests, postmortem cultures, pregnancy-related maternal deaths, product-related deaths, radiation, sexual assault, terrorist agents, and therapy-related deaths. Keywords Aircraft · Allergic reaction · Animals · Artifacts · Emboli · Exhumation · Explosions · High-profile cases · Homicide by heart attack · In-custody · Mass fatalities · Multiple causes of death · Nutrition · Hydration · Food poisoning · Occupational · Work-related · Organ donation · Tissue donation · Postmortem chemistry · Cultures · Pregnancy · Product-related · Radiation · Sexual assault · Terrorist agents · Therapy-related Introduction This chapter is a compilation of a variety of specific issues and/or case types that do not easily fit into any other chapter. The topics are arranged alphabetically. Each topic is presented in general terms. The reader is referred to more detailed descriptions as delineated in the “Selected References” section at the end of the chapter. J. Prahlow, Forensic Pathology for Police, Death Investigators, Attorneys, and Forensic Scientists, DOI 10.1007/978-1-59745-404-9_21, C○ Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 539
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Forensic Pathology for Police, Deat
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Joseph Prahlow Indiana University S
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vi Dedication accepted the free gif
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viii Foreword quality photographs i
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x Acknowledgements Counties, as wel
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Contents Part I Introductory Topics
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Contents xv Hepatobiliary System .
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Contents xvii RespiratorySystem....
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Contents xix Mercury ..............
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Contents xxi Strangulation . ......
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Contents xxiii Negligence/Neglect .
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About the Author Joseph A. Prahlow,
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Chapter 1 Introduction to Pathology
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Introduction to Pathology 5 Table 1
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Introduction to Pathology 7 Fig. 1.
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Introduction to Pathology 9 Fig. 1.
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Introduction to Pathology 11 Fig. 1
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Introduction to Pathology 13 Fig. 1
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Selected References 15 Disc Image L
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18 2 Introduction to Forensic Scien
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Chapter 3 Introduction to Forensic
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Duties of the Forensic Pathologist
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Training and Qualifications of Fore
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Training and Qualifications of Fore
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Selected References 47 Selected Ref
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50 4 Death Investigation Death Inve
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52 4 Death Investigation met in ord
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54 4 Death Investigation leading to
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56 4 Death Investigation Fig. 4.2 A
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58 4 Death Investigation Fig. 4.5 P
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60 4 Death Investigation Fig. 4.9 I
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62 4 Death Investigation apartment
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64 5 Death Certification Fig. 5.1 A
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66 5 Death Certification Fig. 5.4 A
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68 5 Death Certification latter, th
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70 5 Death Certification infrequent
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72 5 Death Certification changes in
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74 5 Death Certification suicides.
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76 5 Death Certification death is i
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78 5 Death Certification use involv
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Chapter 6 Overview of Anatomy and P
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Introduction 83 Table 6.1 (continue
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Introduction 89 Term Definition Tab
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Introduction 91 “mucous membranes
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Specific Organ Systems 93 functions
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Specific Organ Systems 95 Fig. 6.2
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Specific Organ Systems 97 Microscop
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Specific Organ Systems 107 respirat
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Specific Organ Systems 111 water co
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Specific Organ Systems 115 Platelet
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Disc Image Legends 125 Disc Image 6
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Part II General Topics in Forensic
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130 7 The Postmortem Forensic Exami
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Chapter 8 Postmortem Changes and Ti
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Early Postmortem Changes 165 Fig. 8
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Early Postmortem Changes 167 can be
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Decomposition 169 exposed to sunlig
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Decomposition 171 Fig. 8.8 As decom
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Decomposition 173 Fig. 8.12 As deco
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Decomposition 175 Fig. 8.16 If flie
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Postmortem Injuries 177 Fig. 8.20 I
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Time of Death Estimation 179 Time o
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Time of Death Estimation 181 Fig. 8
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Chapter 9 Identification of Human R
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Introduction 187 Fig. 9.2 Badly dec
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Common, Non-scientific Methods of I
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Scientific Methods of Identificatio
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Scientific Methods of Identificatio
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Identification Based on Other Uniqu
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Identification Based on Other Uniqu
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Unidentified Remains 199 Fig. 9.16
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Selected References 201 Disc Image
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Chapter 10 Natural Deaths One man d
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Infectious Disease 207 to as “hyp
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Cardiovascular System 209 refers to
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Cardiovascular System 211 related t
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Cardiovascular System 213 heart int
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Cardiovascular System 215 Aortic An
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Cardiovascular System 217 Vasculiti
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Cardiovascular System 219 Valve Dis
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Cardiovascular System 221 Fig. 10.1
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Central Nervous System 223 Neoplast
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Central Nervous System 225 Viral en
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Central Nervous System 227 Spontane
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Respiratory System 229 Fig. 10.18 T
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Respiratory System 231 Pulmonary Th
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Respiratory System 233 identificati
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Respiratory System 235 Chronic Lung
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Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary
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Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary
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Reticuloendothelial and Immune Syst
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Endocrine System 243 infection, dis
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Multisystem and Other Disorders 245
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Selected References 255 Fineschi V,
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258 11 Drug-Related and Toxin-Relat
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Chapter 12 Blunt Force Injury Death
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Classification of Blunt Force Injur
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Blunt Force Head and Neck Trauma 31
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Special Topics Related to Blunt For
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Selected References 335 Toro K, Szl
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338 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths shotgun
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340 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Fig. 13
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346 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths targets
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348 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths (a) (b)
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350 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Image 1
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354 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Miscell
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362 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths may be
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368 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths X-Rays
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370 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths left-ha
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372 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths NYCLAD
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374 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Disc Im
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376 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Disc Im
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Chapter 14 Sharp Force Injury Death
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Stab Wounds 381 to describe the sha
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Stab Wounds 383 describing “clust
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Incised Wounds 385 Fig. 14.9 A supe
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Incised Wounds 387 Although knives
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Special Issues 389 Fig. 14.16 A sta
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Special Issues 391 Defensive Wounds
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Special Issues 393 disorders; howev
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Special Issues 395 area of “radio
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Special Issues 397 Artifacts A fina
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Selected References 399 Disc Image
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Chapter 15 Asphyxial Deaths So Juda
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Suffocation 403 Fig. 15.1 Petechiae
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Suffocation 405 Certification of th
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Suffocation 407 usual occluding sub
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Suffocation 409 being able to expan
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Neck Compression (Strangulation) 41
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Chemical Asphyxia 419 the object ha
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Chemical Asphyxia 421 Fig. 15.21 A
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Other Issues 423 to function proper
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Other Issues 425 (a) (b) Fig. 15.24
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Other Issues 427 the arms/hands bou
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Selected References 431 Prahlow JA,
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434 16 Drowning Physiology and Mech
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436 16 Drowning Fig. 16.2 Thedriver
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438 16 Drowning Fig. 16.4 “Cadave
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440 16 Drowning Finding water withi
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442 16 Drowning Fig. 16.10 Marked d
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444 16 Drowning Fig. 16.14 True ant
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446 16 Drowning Manner of Death A l
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448 16 Drowning Pachar JV, Cameron
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450 17 Electrical Deaths Fig. 17.1
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452 17 Electrical Deaths required f
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454 17 Electrical Deaths death (Fig
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466 17 Electrical Deaths Disc Image
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Chapter 18 Temperature-Related Deat
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Hypothermia 471 constrict, thus con
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Hypothermia 473 Fig. 18.3 Prominent
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Hyperthermia 475 Toxicology testing
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Hyperthermia 477 Fig. 18.8 A 24-yea
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Selected References 479 disease. In
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Chapter 19 Burns and Fire-Related D
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Introduction 483 Fig. 19.3 Example
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Burn Types 485 Fig. 19.5 A postmort
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Page 527 and 528: Chapter 20 Deaths in Infancy and Ch
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Page 533 and 534: Birth-Related Infant Deaths 507 abr
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Page 553 and 554: Classification of Childhood Homicid
Page 559 and 560: Pediatric Autopsy Considerations 53
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Page 567 and 568: Aircraft Crashes 541 operation and
Page 569 and 570: Allergic Reactions (Anaphylaxis) 54
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Page 573 and 574: Emboli 547 Fig. 21.8 Decomposed scl
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Page 589 and 590: Nutrition and Hydration Disorders 5
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Page 595 and 596: Organ and Tissue Procurement Issues
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Page 605 and 606: Radiation 579 radiation). Alpha par
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Selected References 589 Exhumation
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Selected References 591 Product-Rel
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594 Appendix: Additional Resources
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596 Index Air embolism, 69, 366, 38
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598 Index Autopsy (cont.) laborator
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600 Index Burn severity (cont.) suc
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602 Index Chemical warfare agents p
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604 Index Coronary artery atheroscl
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606 Index Dilated cardiomyopathy (c
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608 Index Duties of forensic pathol
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610 Index Fire (cont.) scene/fire i
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612 Index Forensic sciences (cont.)
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614 Index Gunshot wound deaths (con
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616 Index Hypothermia, 470-475 auto
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618 Index Lacerations (cont.) liver
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620 Index Multiple causes of death
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622 Index Nerve agents, 582-583 Ner
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624 Index Physiology, 3, 81-124, 91
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626 Index Respiratory system, 92, 1
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628 Index Sexual abuse, childhood h
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630 Index Suicide MOD, 73 complex s
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632 Index Vasculitis, 217, 241 “g
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