Forensic Pathology for Police - Brainshare Public Online Library

More documents

Recommendations

Info

624 Index Physiology, 3, 81–124, 91–92, 433–434 ECG, 67, 91, 222, 276 Pia mater, 98, 102 Pituitary disorders, 243 Pituitary gland, 103, 117, 122, 148, 243–244 anterior cells type ACTH, 117 FSH, 117 LH, 117 TSH, 117 neurohypophysis antidiuretic hormone, 117 vasopressin hormone, 117 PKU, see Phenylketonuria (PKU) Platelets, 113–115, 241 “Plumbism,” heavy metals, 294 PMA, see Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) PMI, see Postmortem interval (PMI) Pneumonia, defined, 144, 205, 208, 231–232, 242, 247, 292, 295, 473–474, 478, 584–585 “Pneumothorax,” 234, 323, 394–395, 445, 583 PNS, see Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Pointed-tip “skin tags,” 351 Polarized light, 246, 279 Policies, 43, 52, 131, 185, 188 blood sample, 188 fingerprint cards, 188 “identification photograph,” 188 permanent record of particular body, 188 Polyarteritis nodosa, 217, 241 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 28 Polypharmacy, death certification, 268 Pompe disease, 249 Portal hypertension, 237–238, 247, 270 Positional asphyxia, 402, 410–411, 411f, 512 wedging/burking, 410–411 Positive based on circumstance, 198 Positive identification, 40, 185–187, 197f Possible/probable hyperthermia, 479 Posterior cerebral arteries (PCA), 103 Posterior cranial fossa (PCF), 102 Post-immersion syndrome, 434 Postmortem (after death), 264, 489 Postmortem blood levels, 240 Postmortem changes, 37, 55, 94, 134, 163–182, 191, 441 decomposition, 169–177 definition, 163 early postmortem changes, 163–169 algor mortis, 168 corneas, clouded, 168 livor mortis, 163–166 “postmortem suntan,” 169 rigor mortis, 166–167 tache noire (black line), 168 See also individual postmortem injuries, 177–178, 178f “crime of passion,” 178 hate crime/bias crime, 178 “overkill,” 178 “perimortem,” 178 time of death, 179–182 See also Time of death estimation Postmortem, detection dental X-ray, 191f hip X-ray in badly decomposed woman, 196f Postmortem electrical injuries, 460 Postmortem forensic examination/autopsy, 129–159 after-the-fact and in-absentia cases, 157–158 autopsy assistants, 158 external examination (without autopsy), 156–157 cases that require an autopsy, 156t forensic autopsy, components of, 130t ancillary procedures, 153–154 autopsy report, 154–156 external examination, 134–137 internal examination, 137–153 investigation, 133 forensic vs. hospital autopsies, 130–133 major injuries, 135–136 minor injuries, 136 office accreditation/forensic autopsy standards, 159 accreditation process, 159 autopsy performance standards, 159 inspection checklist, significance, 159 Postmortem interval (PMI), 163, 179 Postmortem/perimortem wounds, 395–396 “Postmortem suntan,” 169 Postmortem toxicology tests, 69, 137f, 266, 278, 421, 559 Postpartum mental disorder command hallucinations, 530 “Postpartum” (peripartum/cardiomyopathy), 576 “Potato nodes,” 251 Pre-existing dental record, 191 Pregnancy-induced diabetes mellitus, 577 Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), 576 Pregnancy-related maternal deaths, 575–578 AFLP, 576
Index 625 Pregnancy-related maternal deaths (cont.) AFE, 577 DIC, 577 ectopic pregnancy, 575 EDS, 575 “gestational trophoblastic disease,” 577 HELLP syndrome, 576 “ hemolytic uremic syndrome,” 577 ICP, 576 “peripartum myocarditis,” 576 “postpartum”/“peripartum” cardiomyopathy, 576 pregnancy-induced diabetes mellitus, 577 PIH, 576 “primary pulmonary hypertension,” 577 PE, 577 “thrombotic microangiopathies of pregnancy,” 577 “thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,” 577 “tubal pregnancy,” 575 See also Therapy-related deaths Preliminary/tentative identification, 185–186, 190 Premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), 507 Primary adrenal disorders, 244 Primary atelectasis, stillbirths, 503–504 Primary bone cancers, 245 “Primary immunodeficiency” syndromes, 242 Primary malnutrition, 562 “Primary pulmonary hypertension,” 235, 577 Prion diseases, 225 Product-related deaths, 539, 578, 591 CPSC/FDA, 578 PROM, see Premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), 563 Proximate (underlying) COD, 68 Psychiatric disease, 251 “acute exhaustive mania,” 251 schizophrenia or manic-depression, 251 Psychosis, acute, 283, 530 Ptychodiscus brevis, 567 PUD, see Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) “Pugilistic” posture, 492 See also “Boxer’s stance” Pulmonary edema fluid, 262, 278, 434, 437–438 “Pulmonary embolism,” 324 Pulmonary hypertension, 235, 577 Pulmonary thromboemboli, 152, 222, 231, 245, 366, 546–548, 546–549, 563, 575, 577 blood thrombi (clots) blocking pulmonary artery, 547f DVT, 547 “saddle embolus,” 548 Pulmonary thromboembolism (PE), 222, 231, 577 Purge fluid, 170, 172f, 179 Purulent inflammation, see Neutrophilic inflammation Pus (purulence/suppurative inflammation), 114, 139, 208, 224, 238, 574, 582 Putrefaction, 169, 174, 503–504 R “Raccoon’s eyes” (two black eyes), 304 ecchymoses (raccoon’s eyes), 305f Radiant burns, 470, 481, 484–485, 489 electromagnetic energy burns, 484 ionizing radiation burns, 485 postmortem dry burn caused by decedent’s leg, 485f radiant heat burns, 484–485 sunburn, 485, 580 Radiation definition, 578 gray (Gy), 579 ionizing radiation, 484–485, 578–580 non-ionizing radiation, 580 rad, 579 rem, 579 roentgen (unit), 579 sievert (Sv), 579 UV radiation, 579–580 Radiologic identification skull X-ray, frontal sinuses, 193f X ray on a badly burned body, 192f Radiolucency, 395 Rage killings, 396 Rapid organ recovery, 569f Ratshot, handgun shot cartridges, see Snakeshot, handgun shot cartridges rbcs, see Red blood cells (rbcs) Red blood cells (rbcs), 7, 27, 113–115, 241, 249, 284, 316, 419, 434, 440, 472, 496, 512, 579 Red-brown skin discoloration, 472 Remote (old) strokes, 226 Renal cell carcinoma in adults, 245 Resistance, 248, 319, 449, 450–453 Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), 232
Page 2:
Forensic Pathology for Police, Deat
Page 5 and 6:
Joseph Prahlow Indiana University S
Page 7 and 8:
vi Dedication accepted the free gif
Page 9 and 10:
viii Foreword quality photographs i
Page 11 and 12:
x Acknowledgements Counties, as wel
Page 14 and 15:
Contents Part I Introductory Topics
Page 16 and 17:
Contents xv Hepatobiliary System .
Page 18 and 19:
Contents xvii RespiratorySystem....
Page 20 and 21:
Contents xix Mercury ..............
Page 22 and 23:
Contents xxi Strangulation . ......
Page 24 and 25:
Contents xxiii Negligence/Neglect .
Page 26:
About the Author Joseph A. Prahlow,
Page 29 and 30:
Chapter 1 Introduction to Pathology
Page 31 and 32:
Introduction to Pathology 5 Table 1
Page 33 and 34:
Introduction to Pathology 7 Fig. 1.
Page 35 and 36:
Introduction to Pathology 9 Fig. 1.
Page 37 and 38:
Introduction to Pathology 11 Fig. 1
Page 39 and 40:
Introduction to Pathology 13 Fig. 1
Page 41:
Selected References 15 Disc Image L
Page 44 and 45:
18 2 Introduction to Forensic Scien
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 61 and 62:
Chapter 3 Introduction to Forensic
Page 63 and 64:
Duties of the Forensic Pathologist
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Training and Qualifications of Fore
Page 71 and 72:
Training and Qualifications of Fore
Page 73:
Selected References 47 Selected Ref
Page 76 and 77:
50 4 Death Investigation Death Inve
Page 78 and 79:
52 4 Death Investigation met in ord
Page 80 and 81:
54 4 Death Investigation leading to
Page 82 and 83:
56 4 Death Investigation Fig. 4.2 A
Page 84 and 85:
58 4 Death Investigation Fig. 4.5 P
Page 86 and 87:
60 4 Death Investigation Fig. 4.9 I
Page 88 and 89:
62 4 Death Investigation apartment
Page 90 and 91:
64 5 Death Certification Fig. 5.1 A
Page 92 and 93:
66 5 Death Certification Fig. 5.4 A
Page 94 and 95:
68 5 Death Certification latter, th
Page 96 and 97:
70 5 Death Certification infrequent
Page 98 and 99:
72 5 Death Certification changes in
Page 100 and 101:
74 5 Death Certification suicides.
Page 102 and 103:
76 5 Death Certification death is i
Page 104 and 105:
78 5 Death Certification use involv
Page 107 and 108:
Chapter 6 Overview of Anatomy and P
Page 109 and 110:
Introduction 83 Table 6.1 (continue
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Introduction 89 Term Definition Tab
Page 117 and 118:
Introduction 91 “mucous membranes
Page 119 and 120:
Specific Organ Systems 93 functions
Page 121 and 122:
Specific Organ Systems 95 Fig. 6.2
Page 123 and 124:
Specific Organ Systems 97 Microscop
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Specific Organ Systems 107 respirat
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Specific Organ Systems 111 water co
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Specific Organ Systems 115 Platelet
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Disc Image Legends 125 Disc Image 6
Page 154 and 155:
Part II General Topics in Forensic
Page 156 and 157:
130 7 The Postmortem Forensic Exami
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 189 and 190:
Chapter 8 Postmortem Changes and Ti
Page 191 and 192:
Early Postmortem Changes 165 Fig. 8
Page 193 and 194:
Early Postmortem Changes 167 can be
Page 195 and 196:
Decomposition 169 exposed to sunlig
Page 197 and 198:
Decomposition 171 Fig. 8.8 As decom
Page 199 and 200:
Decomposition 173 Fig. 8.12 As deco
Page 201 and 202:
Decomposition 175 Fig. 8.16 If flie
Page 203 and 204:
Postmortem Injuries 177 Fig. 8.20 I
Page 205 and 206:
Time of Death Estimation 179 Time o
Page 207 and 208:
Time of Death Estimation 181 Fig. 8
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Chapter 9 Identification of Human R
Page 213 and 214:
Introduction 187 Fig. 9.2 Badly dec
Page 215 and 216:
Common, Non-scientific Methods of I
Page 217 and 218:
Scientific Methods of Identificatio
Page 219 and 220:
Scientific Methods of Identificatio
Page 221 and 222:
Identification Based on Other Uniqu
Page 223 and 224:
Identification Based on Other Uniqu
Page 225 and 226:
Unidentified Remains 199 Fig. 9.16
Page 227:
Selected References 201 Disc Image
Page 231 and 232:
Chapter 10 Natural Deaths One man d
Page 233 and 234:
Infectious Disease 207 to as “hyp
Page 235 and 236:
Cardiovascular System 209 refers to
Page 237 and 238:
Cardiovascular System 211 related t
Page 239 and 240:
Cardiovascular System 213 heart int
Page 241 and 242:
Cardiovascular System 215 Aortic An
Page 243 and 244:
Cardiovascular System 217 Vasculiti
Page 245 and 246:
Cardiovascular System 219 Valve Dis
Page 247 and 248:
Cardiovascular System 221 Fig. 10.1
Page 249 and 250:
Central Nervous System 223 Neoplast
Page 251 and 252:
Central Nervous System 225 Viral en
Page 253 and 254:
Central Nervous System 227 Spontane
Page 255 and 256:
Respiratory System 229 Fig. 10.18 T
Page 257 and 258:
Respiratory System 231 Pulmonary Th
Page 259 and 260:
Respiratory System 233 identificati
Page 261 and 262:
Respiratory System 235 Chronic Lung
Page 263 and 264:
Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary
Page 265 and 266:
Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary
Page 267 and 268:
Reticuloendothelial and Immune Syst
Page 269 and 270:
Endocrine System 243 infection, dis
Page 271 and 272:
Multisystem and Other Disorders 245
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281:
Selected References 255 Fineschi V,
Page 284 and 285:
258 11 Drug-Related and Toxin-Relat
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
Page 324 and 325:
Page 327 and 328:
Chapter 12 Blunt Force Injury Death
Page 329 and 330:
Classification of Blunt Force Injur
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Blunt Force Head and Neck Trauma 31
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Special Topics Related to Blunt For
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361:
Selected References 335 Toro K, Szl
Page 364 and 365:
338 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths shotgun
Page 366 and 367:
340 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Fig. 13
Page 368 and 369:
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
346 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths targets
Page 374 and 375:
348 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths (a) (b)
Page 376 and 377:
350 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Image 1
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
354 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Miscell
Page 382 and 383:
Page 384 and 385:
Page 386 and 387:
Page 388 and 389:
362 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths may be
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
Page 394 and 395:
368 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths X-Rays
Page 396 and 397:
370 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths left-ha
Page 398 and 399:
372 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths NYCLAD
Page 400 and 401:
374 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Disc Im
Page 402 and 403:
376 13 Gunshot Wound Deaths Disc Im
Page 405 and 406:
Chapter 14 Sharp Force Injury Death
Page 407 and 408:
Stab Wounds 381 to describe the sha
Page 409 and 410:
Stab Wounds 383 describing “clust
Page 411 and 412:
Incised Wounds 385 Fig. 14.9 A supe
Page 413 and 414:
Incised Wounds 387 Although knives
Page 415 and 416:
Special Issues 389 Fig. 14.16 A sta
Page 417 and 418:
Special Issues 391 Defensive Wounds
Page 419 and 420:
Special Issues 393 disorders; howev
Page 421 and 422:
Special Issues 395 area of “radio
Page 423 and 424:
Special Issues 397 Artifacts A fina
Page 425 and 426:
Selected References 399 Disc Image
Page 427 and 428:
Chapter 15 Asphyxial Deaths So Juda
Page 429 and 430:
Suffocation 403 Fig. 15.1 Petechiae
Page 431 and 432:
Suffocation 405 Certification of th
Page 433 and 434:
Suffocation 407 usual occluding sub
Page 435 and 436:
Suffocation 409 being able to expan
Page 437 and 438:
Neck Compression (Strangulation) 41
Page 439 and 440:
Page 441 and 442:
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
Chemical Asphyxia 419 the object ha
Page 447 and 448:
Chemical Asphyxia 421 Fig. 15.21 A
Page 449 and 450:
Other Issues 423 to function proper
Page 451 and 452:
Other Issues 425 (a) (b) Fig. 15.24
Page 453 and 454:
Other Issues 427 the arms/hands bou
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457:
Selected References 431 Prahlow JA,
Page 460 and 461:
434 16 Drowning Physiology and Mech
Page 462 and 463:
436 16 Drowning Fig. 16.2 Thedriver
Page 464 and 465:
438 16 Drowning Fig. 16.4 “Cadave
Page 466 and 467:
440 16 Drowning Finding water withi
Page 468 and 469:
442 16 Drowning Fig. 16.10 Marked d
Page 470 and 471:
444 16 Drowning Fig. 16.14 True ant
Page 472 and 473:
446 16 Drowning Manner of Death A l
Page 474 and 475:
448 16 Drowning Pachar JV, Cameron
Page 476 and 477:
450 17 Electrical Deaths Fig. 17.1
Page 478 and 479:
452 17 Electrical Deaths required f
Page 480 and 481:
454 17 Electrical Deaths death (Fig
Page 482 and 483:
Page 484 and 485:
Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Page 492 and 493:
466 17 Electrical Deaths Disc Image
Page 495 and 496:
Chapter 18 Temperature-Related Deat
Page 497 and 498:
Hypothermia 471 constrict, thus con
Page 499 and 500:
Hypothermia 473 Fig. 18.3 Prominent
Page 501 and 502:
Hyperthermia 475 Toxicology testing
Page 503 and 504:
Hyperthermia 477 Fig. 18.8 A 24-yea
Page 505 and 506:
Selected References 479 disease. In
Page 507 and 508:
Chapter 19 Burns and Fire-Related D
Page 509 and 510:
Introduction 483 Fig. 19.3 Example
Page 511 and 512:
Burn Types 485 Fig. 19.5 A postmort
Page 513 and 514:
Burn Types 487 Chemical Burns As me
Page 515 and 516:
Fire Deaths 489 Fire burns represen
Page 517 and 518:
Fire Deaths 491 Fig. 19.11 Dense so
Page 519 and 520:
Fire Deaths 493 Fig. 19.13 Multiple
Page 521 and 522:
Fire Deaths 495 a CO test or an ins
Page 523 and 524:
Fire Deaths 497 Fig. 19.20 Atrue an
Page 525 and 526:
Disc Image Legends 499 Disc Image L
Page 527 and 528:
Chapter 20 Deaths in Infancy and Ch
Page 529 and 530:
Discarded Fetuses/Infants and Fetal
Page 531 and 532:
Discarded Fetuses/Infants and Fetal
Page 533 and 534:
Birth-Related Infant Deaths 507 abr
Page 535 and 536:
Infant Deaths 509 Fig. 20.3 A diaph
Page 537 and 538:
Infant Deaths 511 Fig. 20.6 The pre
Page 539 and 540:
Natural Death in Childhood 513 path
Page 541 and 542:
Accidental Childhood Deaths 515 pon
Page 543 and 544:
Homicidal Childhood Deaths 517 occu
Page 545 and 546:
Homicidal Childhood Deaths 519 Fig.
Page 547 and 548:
Homicidal Childhood Deaths 521 in a
Page 549 and 550:
Page 551 and 552:
Page 553 and 554:
Classification of Childhood Homicid
Page 555 and 556:
Page 557 and 558:
Page 559 and 560:
Pediatric Autopsy Considerations 53
Page 561 and 562:
Disc Image Legends 535 Disc Image L
Page 563:
Selected References 537 Selected Re
Page 566 and 567:
540 21 Miscellaneous Topics Aircraf
Page 568 and 569:
542 21 Miscellaneous Topics CAMI to
Page 570 and 571:
544 21 Miscellaneous Topics To summ
Page 572 and 573:
546 21 Miscellaneous Topics typical
Page 574 and 575:
548 21 Miscellaneous Topics quite o
Page 576 and 577:
550 21 Miscellaneous Topics Fig. 21
Page 578 and 579:
552 21 Miscellaneous Topics The emb
Page 580 and 581:
554 21 Miscellaneous Topics various
Page 582 and 583:
556 21 Miscellaneous Topics stress
Page 584 and 585:
Page 586 and 587:
560 21 Miscellaneous Topics ampheta
Page 588 and 589:
562 21 Miscellaneous Topics victim
Page 590 and 591:
564 21 Miscellaneous Topics more se
Page 592 and 593:
Page 594 and 595:
568 21 Miscellaneous Topics Organ a
Page 596 and 597:
Page 598 and 599:
572 21 Miscellaneous Topics region
Page 600 and 601: 574 21 Miscellaneous Topics Regardi
Page 602 and 603: 576 21 Miscellaneous Topics and lar
Page 604 and 605: 578 21 Miscellaneous Topics some wo
Page 606 and 607: 580 21 Miscellaneous Topics Non-ion
Page 608 and 609: 582 21 Miscellaneous Topics Yersini
Page 610 and 611: 584 21 Miscellaneous Topics water (
Page 612 and 613: 586 21 Miscellaneous Topics to gene
Page 614 and 615: 588 21 Miscellaneous Topics Disc Im
Page 616 and 617: 590 21 Miscellaneous Topics Leclair
Page 619 and 620: Appendix: Additional Resources and
Page 621 and 622: Index Note: The letters ‘f’ and
Page 623 and 624: Index 597 Arnold-Chiari malformatio
Page 625 and 626: Index 599 closed head injuries, 311
Page 627 and 628: Index 601 immediate, 68 intermediar
Page 629 and 630: Index 603 liver demonstrating cirrh
Page 631 and 632: Index 605 Death investigation syste
Page 633 and 634: Index 607 pressure related processe
Page 635 and 636: Index 609 bridging veins, 316 dura
Page 637 and 638: Index 611 brain, serially-sectioned
Page 639 and 640: Index 613 Gestational DM, 247 Gesta
Page 641 and 642: Index 615 Homicide(s), 444 by heart
Page 643 and 644: Index 617 Infant death, 501-502, 50
Page 645 and 646: Index 619 Material Safety Data Shee
Page 647 and 648: Index 621 CNS, 223-229 cerebral pal
Page 649: Index 623 Over-the-counter (OTC), 2
Page 653 and 654: Index 627 industrial settings, 486
Page 655 and 656: Index 629 Smoke and soot inhalation
Page 657 and 658: Index 631 Thrombophlebitis, inflamm
show all

Forensic Pathology for Police - Brainshare Public Online Library

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?