Appendices 5-13 - Nautilus Cares - Nautilus Minerals

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Prior to mining, the surface unconsolidated sediments (US) will be removed from each mining cut site and placed at designated tip head areas (as shown in Figure 2.5) based on their proximity to the removal operation. An ROV will undertake the US removal and replacement via a 4 inch diameter pipe at an average rate of 250 m 3 /h of a 4% US slurry with seawater (= 10 m 3 /h US). Any hard rock competent waste (if present) will then be removed via the SMT and discharged in a similar manner via the nearest tip head. A detailed scheduled of this ROV and SMT removal operation was provided to APASA for inclusion into the SSFATE model, including timing and quantities of material that will be involved. This data was entered into the SSFATE model to simulate the entire process and tip head placement at the five sites (FWZ1, WZ1, CZ3, EZ2, FEZ1 as shown in Figure 2.5) for the entire operation. Figure 2.5. Location Map showing the Solwara 1 mining area, the bathymetric profile of location and the five tip head sites, FWZ1, WZ1, CZ3, EZ2, FEZ1. Page 9 of 18
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The calculation of the complete pre-mining removal and placement operation (comprising the surface unconsolidated sediments and some hard rock competent waste) using the ROV and the Seafloor Mining Tool (SMT) was undertaken with the SSFATE model described herein. This operation will be carried out, intermittently, as required over a 20 month period. The SSFATE simulations demonstrated that due to the fast falling velocity of the coarse sands and heavier materials, these larger particles would fall down-slope, but near the tip head sites. In contrast, the finer particles, the clays and silts would spread more widely since their lower fall velocities enabled them to be carried by the tidal currents before settling. Figure 3.1 shows the depositional thicknesses of the placement from the ROV and SMT excavated pre-mining material surrounding the Solwara 1 mining lease site after this operation is completed in full. Bottom thicknesses, shown in Figure 3.1, varied from 0.18 mm to small areas adjacent to the tip heads site slightly exceeding 500 mm or 0.5m. Some deposition was noted to fall outside the areas shown in Figure 3.1, but at a thickness that was less than the measured natural sedimentation rate for the site (being 0.18 mm over a 20 month period). The model results also detailed the composition of the benthic loading in the area as shown in Figure 3.2 for the mining sites and Figure 3.3 for the area in general. Figure 3.2 shows the particle size distributions for sediment that returned to the mining zone, while Figures 3.3a to Figure 3.3e show the extent of the individual sediment size classes. The coarse sands were found to settle very close to the tip head sites, given the larger settling velocities of these particles. These sands are predicted to mound near the tip head site by SSFATE. This is to be expected, although the SSFATE model does not account for post settlement slumping or any instability associated with these higher sediment peaks. It is possible that these mounds may collapse and spread the coarser sands down the slope of the Solwara-1 mound. In contrast, the significant quantities of clays and silts within the unconsolidated sediments have very low settling velocities and hence are subjected to the ambient currents. While the SSFATE model accounts for the bathymetric profile of the site as shown in Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.3, a small proportion of these clays, silts and some fine sands are predicted to settle back on the mining site (maximum thickness on mining area < 376mm) due to the ambient currents and vertical turbulence. Indeed, the benthic loading predicted within the mining boundaries, shown in Figure 3.2 and Figure 3.3, is comprised of these clays, silts and fine sands from the unconsolidated sediments. Page 10 of 18
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Project director David Gwyther Proj
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Appendix 8 Juvenile Amphipod Whole
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10-day Survival of M. plumulosa Pag
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Centre for Environmental Contaminan
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Centre for Environmental Contaminan
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Appendix 9 Elutriate Testing Report
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Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3
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These elutriate tests were designed
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2. An aliquot(s) of sample after ce
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Table 1: pH, redox (Eh), conductivi
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1440 minutes which is also consiste
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Concentration (ppb) 250.0 200.0 150
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Concentration (ug/kg ore) (log scal
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Zinc sulfide is the most soluble of
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Table 5: Major ions in 0.45 !m filt
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3.5 Comparison to ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2
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5. References ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2000)
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Appendix 2: Phase 1: Metal concentr
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Appendix 4: Phase 1: Normalised dat
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Appendix 6: Phase 2: Quality contro
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Appendix 8: Metal concentrations in
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Page 157 and 158: MODELLING THE DISPERSION AND SETTLE
Page 159 and 160: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMA
Page 161 and 162: 2 MODELLING METHODOLOGY AND DATA 2.
Page 163 and 164: 2.3 The SSFATE Model Sediment dispe
Page 165: Earth Mechanics Institute of the Co
Page 169 and 170: Table 3.1. Summary of areas covered
Page 171 and 172: Figure 3.3b. Sediment bottom thickn
Page 173 and 174: Figure 3.3d. Sediment bottom thickn
Page 175: 4 REFERENCES Swanson J.C., Isaji T.
Page 179 and 180: MODELLING THE DISPERSION OF THE RET
Page 181 and 182: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMA
Page 183 and 184: Given the range of tidal and basin
Page 185 and 186: dispersion is modelled using a rand
Page 187 and 188: Figure 2.1. Data from the ADCP at 6
Page 189 and 190: 2.5 Outfall Configuration and Assum
Page 191 and 192: 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Diluti
Page 193 and 194: Figure 3.1. Snapshot in time of a
Page 195 and 196: 5.0 km at any time during the disch
Page 197 and 198: Figure 3.2. The expected (or averag
Page 199 and 200: Figure 3.4 A zoomed in comparison o
Page 201 and 202: 5 REFERENCES Bear, J. and Verruijt,
Page 203: Rusin J., Lunel T. and Davies L., 1
Page 207 and 208: Prediction of underwater noise asso
Page 209 and 210: Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..
Page 211 and 212: 1 Introduction This report presents
Page 213 and 214: 2 Methods 2.1! Source modelling Cav
Page 215 and 216: dB re 1uPa @ 1m 200 195 190 185 180
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Figure 3. Source location for the s
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Depth (m) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
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Figure 7. Plots of predicted receiv
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Figure 9. Zoomed view of plots of p
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Figure 11. Predicted maximum level
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for computing a is given in Fisher
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ecent studies have indicated that c
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sources to close range, and that th
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masking ranges for different marina
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References Fisher, F. H., Simmons,
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Appendix 14 The Potential for Natur
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'leaky' and recent lava flows have
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iii.) Incrementally these 1 m swath
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Appendix 15 Stakeholder Consultatio
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Environmental Impact Statement Solw
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Wewak (22 October 2007) Not recorde
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San Diego (17-18 April 2008) Enviro
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Appendices 5-13 - Nautilus Cares - Nautilus Minerals

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