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354 THE LATE JAMES BACKHOUSE.
found in 1821; From 1843 to 18G5 the two Backhouses worked
together. In the former year they discovered Highcup Scar,
where Saxifraga nivalis L. was found ; and in the same year
Veronicn trl/ihi/llos L. near Acomb, York, and Barharea stricta
Andrz. on Thurne Moor. In 1845 they went to Scotland, and on
the 24th of July first found Hieracium chrysanthum Backh. and
Athyrituii flexile Syme in Glen Prosen. The summer of 1847 was
devoted to Cumberland, where they discovered Saxifraga Hircitlus
L. at Knock-ore-Gill, and Hieracium holosericeum Backh. on Glaramara.
During a visit to the Spital of Glen Shee in 1848 they
found ScKjina nivalis Fr. on Glas Mhiel, and Gnaphalium norvegicum
Gunn., Gentiana nivalis L., Veronica saxatilis L., and Jiincus castaneus
Sm. in Canlochen Glen. Here a crag adventure is alluded
to, but no details are given. The summers of 1849 and 1850 were
devoted to the Clova and Braemar districts ; it is unnecessary here
to give a long list of the now well-known rarities that they found in
these regions, except to quote the note, " Poa minor first ? " Norway
was the subject of their explorations in 1851, where Mr. Backhouse
painted a most remarkable picture showing the effects among the
mountains of a total eclipse of the sun. The picture was completed
from notes made on the spot, and is of great mterest. The spring
of 1852 again found them in Teesdale, where on the 25th of May
they discovered Myosotis alpcstris Schmidt for the first time in
England. Their summer holiday was devoted to the exploration
of Forfarshire and Aberdeenshire, and great Hieracium hunts
in both the Clova and Cairngorm Mountains are especially alluded
to. Among the more noteworthy plants mentioned a;re Cystopteris
alpina Desv. var. Dickieana Milde, Poa loxa Haenke and P. stricta
Lindb., Drosera anylica Huds., b. obovata M. & K., Arabls petraa rosea,
and Lactuca ttlpina Bentham. In 1853, Gordale and Giggleswick
Sears, near Settle, were explored, but no note is made as to what
plants were found.
Of a visit to Ireland in 1854 there are no particulars given
beyond the record of their finding Hieracium iricum Fr. at Letterfrack.
Cystopteris montana Bernh. was discovered in Canlochen
Glen in 1855, and Ajuya pyramidalis L. was gathered in Sutherland
in 1856. Saxlfraya Sternbergii Willd. was found in Cumberland in
1857. Woodsia was collected on Craig Chaillach and the Killin
Mountains in 1859, and reference is made to a "crag adventure
with father and Thomas Westcombe." The Breadalbane Hills
were again visited in 1861, when special mention is made of the
occurrence of Cystopteris montana Bernh. on MaelG-hyrdy. Another
exploration of Teesdale in the spring of 1862 revealed Viola
arenarin DC. as a British plant, and the blue variety of Polyyala
nmara Jacq. var. uUyinosa Fr. In 1868 Saxifraga ccespitosa L. was
gathered on Twl Ddu, in North Wales, and a great hunt made for
Trichnwdncs radicans Sw. Asplcnium. Uinceolatam Huds. was found
at Portmadoc. James Backhouse, sen., made his last excursion to
Wales in May, 1865, when IJoydia was gathered in flower on the
crags of Ys Golion Duon, and " Cineraria nutritima" [Scnecio spathu-
li/olius DC.) at Holyhead. In 1866, Teesdalia nudicauUs R. Br.,