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366 INTEODUCED PLANTS IN WEST CORNWALL. By W. Roberts. The plants in the following list nearly all occur, or have occurred, within a few yards of one another on a barren piece of ground known as the Eastern Green, which borders the railwaycutting between Penzance and Marazion, and fringes the beach. Within a mile, in a direct line inland, is situated an extensive flour mill, which receives large cargoes of wheat from ports in America, from Dantzic, from the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, and from Egypt and India. As the corn is winnowed on the Eastern Green, and as in the nature of things it inevitably contains a greater or lesser percentage of the seeds of various weeds, it is only natural that some of this "chaff" falls on su.itable soil and springs into growth. In most cases their life is brief, and in very few instances do they appear a second year. They rarely give one the impression of being typical specimens. The climate in the first place, the station in the second, and the fact that the ground is already densely occupied with vegetable growth of a vigorous character in the third, are fatal elements to the acclimatisation of weakly corn- field denizens. The plants in question appear, for the most part, to thrive only under special circumstances, although the geographical distribution of nearly every one is wide. DeCandolle, in his ' Geographie Botanique Raisonnee,' tells us that it is not so much a total annual average amount of heat that a plant requires to enable it to vegetate, to flower, or to ripen its seed, as that this heat shall never descend below or ascend above certain extremes, and that it shall remain within those limits for a sufficient length of time for the completion of these operations, a period of time which may be shortened or lengthened according to the greater or less intensity of the heat received by the plant within the above limits. This exactly defines the position of the colony of additions to the Flora of West Cornwall. The absence of extremes—heat and cold—is fatal to their welfare. It is also an interesting fact to note that nearly the whole of these additions are normally of annual duration, so that the chances are materially increased against self-propagation. I am indebted to a local botanist, Mr. W. A. Glasson, for a complete list, and also for specimens : the names have been verified by Mr. N. E. Brown. The "Eastern Green" and the neighbourhood which terminates at one point with the Marazion marshes is peculiarly rich in its flora, and during the past half-century the late John Ralfs noticed and recorded the names of several plants to which, regarding as aliens, he paid very little attention. Mr. Glasson began his observations in the summer of 1885, when he found Sap'inaria Vaccaria, which had been observed near the Logan Rock ui 1878 by Dr. Eraser ; the next species, which had also been observed before, was Erhinoxpennum Lappidn, and, finding these two plants, Mr. Glasson was led to pay close attention to the district.
SYNOPSIS OF GENERA AND SPECIES OK MALVKaC. 367 CrucifeR/E.—Ahjssiim campestre, A. incanum, Sisi/mhrmm altissimum, S. pannonicum, S. Loeselii, S. orientale, Brnssica juncea, Eruca sativu, Lepidium perfoliatum, L.viqiinianiun, Nedia paniculata, Rapistnim orientale. CARYOPHYLLEiE. Sapoitaria Vaccaria, Silene Fahana, S. dichotoma. Malvace.e.—Mdlva borealis. Leguminos.e. — Trvjonella Fienwn-fircecum, T. polycerata, T. ceerulea, Medicaijo prucuinhens, Cicer arietinum, Vicia villosa, Ervum Lens, Ldthyrus sativus. Umbellifer.e.—Ammi majm, Orlaya fjrandiflora. RuEiACE.E. Aspenila arvensis. Composite.—Ambrosia artemisiafolia, Xanthium spinosum, Madia racemosa, Anthemis Chamomilla, A. aliissima, A. clavata, A. rutheitica, A. Neilreichii, A. incrasaata, Artemisia scopari(t, Xeranthemum cijlindraceum, Centaurea diffusa, C. melitensis. PoLEJiONiACEiE. GUia capit.ata, G. acJiillecBfolia. BoRAGiNEiE. Echinospermuiii j)atulum, Amsiuckiu bjcopsioides, A. angustifulia. Plantagine^.— Plantago arenaria. Amarantace^.—Amarantus Blitwn. Chenopodiace.e.—Chenopodium aristatum. Cannabineê.— Cannabis sativa. LiLiACE^. Asphodelus Jistulosus. Gramine.e.—Fanicum capillare, Koeleria phleoidex, Bromus arduennensis, Lolium sicuhan, Secale cereale, îjilops caudata. In addition to the foregoing, Mr. Glasson's two lists include the following plants, which are indigenous to, or have heen naturalised in, other parts of Great Britain, but which do not belong properly to the flora of West Cornwall: Erysimum orientale, Lepidium campestre, L. ruderale, Sisymbrium Irio, S. Sophia, Camelina sativa, Linum usitatissimiim. Geranium pusillum, Vicia lathyroides, Caucalis daucuides, Centaurea solstitialis, Hypuchceris maciilata, Anayallis carulea, Echinospermiim Lappula, Lynum barbatum, Agrostis spica- venti, Poa alpina, P. nemoralis, Alopecuras agrestis, Bromus uiadri- tensis, B. arvensis, and Hordeum pratense. SYNOPSIS OF GENERA AND SPECIES OF MALVEJ^. By Edmund G. Baker, F.L.S. (Continued from p. 343.) Malva L. Species non satis notce, Malva BerteronidUd Steud. in Flora, 185G, p. 437 M. r.nrydna DC. Prod. i. )). IHS. ^L lirasiliensis Dcsrous ; DC. Prod. i. p. 433. M. brevipes Pliil. Anales Univ. (1870). ii. p. 1G3. M. campanuloides Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1G70.
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J i(( THE ) JOURNAL OF BOTANY BEITI
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C. C. Babington, M.A., F.R.S. J. E.
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sydnev Parkinson dd. 1 .Tri-umfetta
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2 EPILOBIUM NOTES FOR 1880. Cocos I
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16 SYNOPSIS OF GENERA AND SPECIES O
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20 BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF BRITISH AN
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22 SHORT NOTES. 16G0. Master of Mec
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24 HANDBOOK OF THE BROMELIACEi^. pu
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26 HANDBOOK OF TIfE BROMELIACE^. wh
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28 NAMES AND SYNONYMS OF BRITISH PL
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30 MANUAL OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS. i
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32 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. Oeste
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302 SPERGULA PENTANDRA IN IRELAND ?
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