The XIth dynasty temple at Deir el-Bahari .. - NYU | Digital Library ...
The XIth dynasty temple at Deir el-Bahari .. - NYU | Digital Library ...
The XIth dynasty temple at Deir el-Bahari .. - NYU | Digital Library ...
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1904) the Xlth Dynasty <strong>temple</strong> emerging from<br />
chaos, and taking form and shape as we see it<br />
in fig. 2 (Dec. l!)0o), witli its symmetrical pl<strong>at</strong>-<br />
form, ramp, and square pyramid-base. Fig. 3<br />
shows it seen in bird's-eye view from tlie top of<br />
the cliffs, 400 feet above it. This gives a good<br />
idea of tlie plan (I'l. ii.).<br />
3. TnK HxcAVATioN : TiiK XV'^lIlth Dynasty<br />
Ramp and the North Cdukt.<br />
Work was commenced on the 5th of NToveraber,<br />
1903, by starting to clear the first low rubbish-<br />
heaps <strong>at</strong> a distance of only a few paces west of<br />
the house which had been built for the ex-<br />
pedition of ten years before, and south of the<br />
lowest colonnade of the Gre<strong>at</strong> Temple. <strong>The</strong> first<br />
discovery, soon made, was th<strong>at</strong> of the wall of<br />
an in<strong>el</strong>iiifd plane or rain[), .".0 ft. long, running<br />
parall<strong>el</strong> with the outer wall of the second court of<br />
the Gre<strong>at</strong> Temple, <strong>at</strong> a distance of abuut 50 ft.<br />
from it. <strong>The</strong> stonework is the same as th<strong>at</strong><br />
of the Gre<strong>at</strong> Temple, and is evidently contem-<br />
porary with it. This ramp-wall ended abruptly<br />
in a confused mass of blocks, l)ut not before it<br />
had become evident th<strong>at</strong> the inclined plane of<br />
the ramp was no longer followed, and th<strong>at</strong> the<br />
buildin"- had originally been intended to be<br />
continued in a horizontal line (1*1. vi., fig. 5).<br />
<strong>The</strong> mass of heavy white blocks soon ends, and all<br />
th<strong>at</strong> appears is the core of fragments of Uijl (the<br />
o-reenish brown argillaceous shale th<strong>at</strong> underlies<br />
the limestone here), wliich runs on almost up to<br />
the colonnade of the Xlth Dynasty <strong>temple</strong>. On the<br />
south side (excav<strong>at</strong>ed April, I'.J.i?) only the core<br />
is visible, the facing-wall having disappeared.<br />
It is difficult to make any definite st<strong>at</strong>ement<br />
as to the purpose of this erection. At first it<br />
was thought to be a gre<strong>at</strong> altar pl<strong>at</strong>form. <strong>The</strong><br />
stones b<strong>el</strong>onging to it, as w<strong>el</strong>l as others found<br />
in the rubbish above the western portion of the<br />
<strong>temple</strong>, bore mostly the signs J [| | ,<br />
HIE TEMPLE AM) ITS KXCAVATIOX. 19<br />
" Beautiful<br />
of Years," roughly traced on them in red paint.<br />
<strong>The</strong>se signs, which are either a quarry mark or<br />
design<strong>at</strong>e the building or particular part of<br />
a building for which the stones were intended,*<br />
foim part of the titles of Thothmes I.<br />
Beyond this building we struck directly west<br />
into the mounds of ilchri.s, clearing awav the<br />
loose rul)bish down to the rock-surface. About<br />
li»() ft. further west, a small simple squared<br />
grave (Tomb No. 1) was found, a suhrik as the<br />
Kurnawis call it, which had been entir<strong>el</strong>y dis-<br />
turbed, but contained scanty remains of Xlth<br />
Dynasty tomb furniture, b<strong>el</strong>onging either to<br />
it or to some other tomb close by (see p. 43).<br />
<strong>The</strong>n, immedi<strong>at</strong><strong>el</strong>y to the south, appeared the<br />
remains of a wall (I'l. vii., fig. 7), opposite to<br />
the small wall which may be seen in the plan<br />
of the Gre<strong>at</strong> Temple published in the Archdcu-<br />
higicdl I'n'pod for 1894-5, projecting southwards<br />
from the southern enclosure wall. We saw<br />
th<strong>at</strong> tlie new wall we iiad unearthed was<br />
its continu<strong>at</strong>ion southwards. <strong>The</strong> central por-<br />
tion had been entir<strong>el</strong>y destroyed. <strong>The</strong> western<br />
face of this wall was cleared until the workmen<br />
were brought up short by another wall running<br />
west <strong>at</strong> right angles to the first, and roughly<br />
parall<strong>el</strong> with the gre<strong>at</strong> wall of ll<strong>at</strong>shepsu's<br />
H<strong>at</strong>hor-terrace, which lies about 60 ft. to the<br />
north. This wall (I'l. vii., fig. 7) differed entir<strong>el</strong>y<br />
from the first and from any other building<br />
hitherto discovered <strong>at</strong> <strong>Deir</strong> <strong>el</strong>-Baliari. Its<br />
l)locks (cf. I'l. viii., iig. 1, and I'l. iv.) are<br />
much larger than those of the fiist wall or<br />
any of the wall-blocks of the Gre<strong>at</strong> Temple,<br />
some measuring (> ft. by 3 ft. 6 in. <strong>The</strong>y are<br />
also iiuuh mure (lii<strong>el</strong>y jointed, and are laid in<br />
reo'ular courses ol deep and shallow blocks<br />
altern<strong>at</strong><strong>el</strong>y, with a very thin and light bonding<br />
of mortar or clay. <strong>The</strong> sandstone base of the<br />
wall (of blocks 5 ft. across and 1 ft. liigh) is much<br />
more massive and generallv liner than the<br />
1 C/. the incised "Double uxcs and other signs on<br />
the stones of the various chambers of the Palace of<br />
Knossos (Hall, "<strong>The</strong> Two Labyrinths," Jouni H<strong>el</strong>l.<br />
Stud., XXV., p. 326). <strong>The</strong> blocks of the Xlih Dynasty south<br />
cross-wall bear the signs J. ., "House of the Ka"<br />
(see p. 37).