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20 THE XlTii DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DEIR EL-BAHARI. similar bases of the XVIIItli Dynasty walls. These base-blocks are also of better stone than the later ones, being of a hard blue-grey sandstone, Avhile those of the XVIIIth Dynasty walls are of soft yellow sandstone from Silsila (PI. viii., fig. 2). The nearest parallel to this splendid stonework seemed to be the Xllth Dynasty mastabawalls at Dahshur, and it was evident that we had discovered at Deir el-Bahari buildings of the Middle Kingdom in sif.ii. This diagnosis was not at first extended to the smaller transverse wall first discovered (PI. vii., fig. 7). Its outer blocks, though regularly laid, are much smaller than those of the great wall, measurino; only a few inches each way, and resembling bricks. The southernmost Avail of the Great Temple, which this walls joins, is built in the same way. Both walls were at first considered to be of the XVIIIth Dynasty. This conclusion seemed to be borne out by the fact that the smaller wall was built up against the face of the greater with a straight joint : the latter had then been completed first. But it was pointed out by Mr. Peers that at the same time the face of the greater and certainly Middle Kingdom wall had been dressed down after the buildin
oki'ii I)rti\vM waix' vases and fragiaciits of his fuueral kiiiiiturt'. Tliis was a cliainber-tomb of simple form : at tlie bottom of a shaft 15 ft. deep was a rectangular chamber in which the dead body had been placed with its appurtenances. (See p. 4.'^ and PI. xi. for plan and section). The exploration of the great Xlth Dynasty wall soon resulted in a surprise. It proved to be a mask to a solid mass of mountain- rock, carefully sijuared, about 1 ."J ft. in height At this height tlie rock ceased, and was found to be artiticiallv Sfpiared on the top as well as at the side. Examining the surface of the top, remains of a pavement of heavy slabs of dull grey sandstone were brought to light. It was evident that we had here an artificially pre- pared platform with the remains of building upon it, probably the Xlth Dynasty temple, the existence of which had ali'eady been presumed, but the situation and character of which were unknown. Accordinglv our efforts were directed to the clearing of this platform from above and of the facing wall from below, and the latter work included the complete clearance of the court. This work was continued until, after the wall had been uncovered, with its base, for a distance of 120 ft. in a westerly direction, it was brought to an end by the discovery (January 1st, 1904), of a transverse wall (I'l. viii., fig. 1), of the same character as the platform-wall, running oil' at a remarkably acute angle (I'l. viii., fig. 10;) " like the bows of a boat," ze wahid dahalii/a, as the workmen said, X.-E. to the Hathor-shrine of Hatshepsu's temple, and passing away under it. The i)latform of the Hathor-shrine had, as lias already been mentioned, been built over it. As the expk)ration proceeded, the platform-wall, after two complete breaks down to the base- blocks, became finer and more perfect until the point of junction with the transverse wall. Here, and for 20 ft. or so on either side of it, b(jth walls are intact, with rounded coping-stones in place (PI. viii., fig. 10) ; perfect specimens of THE TEMPLE AND ITS EXCAVATION. 21 the stonework of the Middle Kingdom, far superior to any of the XVIIIth Dynasty work around. Both walls were set in trenches cut in the rock 1 8 ins. below the level of the rest of the court. In both cases these trenches were made considerably wider than the walls, in order to give space for the work of the masons. The afterwards unnecessary space was filled up with rubl)ish to the level of the court. Behind the transverse wall, which runs under the 1 lathor-shrine, the sloping rock-face, against which the platform of the shrine is reared, was found, and the court was thus completely cleared. This was not finally effected till January IJth, 1 90-4, as progress had latterly been very slow, owing to the increasing height of the rulibish mounds. At the end the loose (h'hris came roll- ing down incessantly from a height of fifty or sixty feet, far above the Hathor-shrine. Retain- ing walls of ddbsh (fragments of limestone) had to be built above the transverse wall to prevent further falls. It was during the excavation of this court that the interesting deposit of XN'IIlth Dynasty votive offerings and the Coptic dust-heap, already mentioned, were found. 4. The Lower Colonnades and i;.\.\ii' of THE XIth Dynasty Temi-i.i:. Simultaneously with the clearing of the top of the rock-platform the eastern face of the X Ith Dynasty cross-wall limiting the North Court on the east was cleared. The platform- wall (the Xlth Dynasty wall of great Ijlocksj was found to pass behind it eastwards for a few feet, and then to turn abruptly south at a right angle. We had therefore reached the eastern face of the platform. On the following day (December 12th, 1903) a square pillar of grey sandstone, sculptured with the name and titles of a King Mentuhetep with the hawk-name Sam-taiii, " Uuiter of the Two Lands," was found (PI. viii., fig. 8, Arckaeological Report, 1903-4, PI. ii..
Page 1 and 2: ' NYU IFA LIBRARY 3 1162 04538740 5
Page 5 and 6: THE XIth dynasty TEMPLE M AT DEIR E
Page 7 and 8: EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND prcaiDcnt F.
Page 9 and 10: PEEFACE. The excaviition ol the Xlt
Page 11: CONTENTS Chapter T ^fKNTunETKi' TT.
Page 14 and 15: THE Xrni DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DETR EL-
Page 16 and 17: ilK XlTii DYNTASTY TKMl'T.K AT HETR
Page 18 and 19: THK Xlni UVXASTV TEMI'LE AT DEIR EL
Page 20 and 21: THE XlTii DYNASTY TEMPLE AT i)ElR E
Page 22 and 23: 10 THE XlTH DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 24 and 25: 12 THE XlTii DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 26 and 27: u THE XTtii dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 28 and 29: 1(1 THV. \lTii DYNASTY 'I'KiMlM-K A
Page 30 and 31: is TflE XIth dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 34 and 35: 22 THE XIth DYNASTY TEMPLK AT DKIR
Page 36 and 37: 2'i THE XlTii DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DEI
Page 38 and 39: 26 THE XItu dynasty TEMPLE AT JJEIR
Page 40 and 41: 28 THE XIth dynasty TE^rPLE AT DEIR
Page 42 and 43: 30 THE XIth dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 44 and 45: 32 THE XiTff DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 46 and 47: u THE XlTU DVXASl'V TEMPLE AT J)E11
Page 48 and 49: 36 THE XlTii DYNASTY TEMl'I.K .Vl D
Page 50 and 51: 38 TFIB XlTii DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DKI
Page 52 and 53: 40 THE XItii dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 54 and 55: 42 THE Xhii DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 56 and 57: 44 THE XIth dynasty TEMPLK AT DKIK
Page 58 and 59: 46 THE Xlni DYNASTY TEMPLE AT J)EIR
Page 60 and 61: 48 THE Xlni JJYNASTV TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 62 and 63: 50 THE XTth dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIE,
Page 64 and 65: 52 THE XIth dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 66 and 67: 54 THE Xlru IJYNASTY TEiMPLE Al' DE
Page 68 and 69: 56 THE XIth dynasty TEMPLE AT DElli
Page 70 and 71: 68 THE XlTH DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DBIR
Page 72 and 73: 60 THE XlTU DYNASTY TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 74 and 75: 6-2 THE XIth dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 76 and 77: 64 THE XItii dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 78 and 79: 66 TPIE XIth dynasty TEMPLE AT DEIR
Page 80 and 81: Pl. i. The TTathor Cow : 68 CHAPTER
Page 82 and 83:
70 DESCRIPTION OF THK PLATES. it'pi
Page 85 and 86:
Aali, qucen-iiiothur, 7. Aaiuu, war
Page 87:
Rubbish overlying temple, character
Page 90 and 91:
ERRATA IN THE PLATES. Plate VI. Nos
Page 94 and 95:
Th e XV- Dynasty Tem ple , PER EL B
Page 97:
General View of the Xltii Dynasty T
Page 101:
I i " PK l^'« X
Page 105:
The west facing of the Pyramid-Base
Page 109:
Door of Chamber tomb N^' 4. // //,
Page 113:
. // Granite Threshold of east Door
Page 117:
M -y .J..^.Jc^^J^1_. MENTUHETEP II
Page 121:
WAR-SCENES Plate XV.
Page 125:
'^ ^l*crA> -^ RELIEFS FROM THE SHRI
Page 132 and 133:
] aWmy^^dJimt^wMi-^mmmi ?i 1^^ ^/y
Page 135:
c^>o =£±] i «0j ^0 i| «R ^^ 1^
Page 139:
F kf:.\\sit. 1 ^^^^amt^tJXt*.mi Pla
Page 143:
)[•' KE.MSIT. i\ t ^ / Plate XXII
Page 147:
i-jji -^rf » / < 1^ AMENOPHIS 1 AN
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Plate XXVII. u 2 Oi r I Qi O < r
Page 155:
Plate XXIX.
Page 159:
THE HATHOR-COW. Plate XXXI.
Page 164:
PUBLICATIONS OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL
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