Cecropiaceae: Coussapoa and Pourouma, with an ... - CNCFlora

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Pourouma (BG), 9 Dec 1977 (d), Gentry et al. 21346 (U); Prov. Maynas, Puerto Almendras, 11 Nov 1984 (9), Maas et al. 6267 (BG, U); Prov. Requena, Jenaro Herrera, Reserva Forestal, 2 Oct 1985 (d), Spichiger et al. 1995 (BG, G, type collection), 17 Sep 1982 (6), Spichiger et al. 1996 (BG, G), 9 Oct 1982 (st), Spichiger et al. 1997 (BG, G), 14 Sep 1982 (d), Spichiger et al. 1998 (BG, G), 10 Nov 1982 (9), Spichiger et al. 1999 (BG, G); Prov. Maynas, Puerto Almendras, 17 Apr 1980 (6), Vdsquez et al. 167 (BG), 21 Oct 1981 (9), Vdsquez et al. 2623 (BG); Prov. Maynas, Rio Nanay, Mishana, 24 Apr 1986 (9), Vdsquez et al. 7535 (BG). This species has a strange mixture of features. The staminate inflorescences and flowers resemble those of P. mollis, the pistillate inflorescences and flowers those of P. mollis subsp. triloba and P. acuminata. In the indument it differs from both. One of the forms of this species has very short and stiff hairs, resulting in a slightly scabrous surface of the leafy twigs, petioles, stipules, and main veins of the lamina beneath. The other form has this short indument mixed with much longer yellow hairs, as in P. cucura, and bears, moreover, long yellow hairs on the upper leaf surface, like some forms of P. cucura. Some of the specimens have oblong to elliptic leaves with Unnamed Collections 1. PERU. AMAZONAS: Serrania de Bagua, ca. 12- 18 km on trail E of La Peca, 1800-1950 m, lower montane cloud forest, 14 Jun 1978 (6), Gentry et al. 22866 (U). SAN MARTIN: Prov. Rioja, rd. Pedro Ruiz- Moyobamba, km 390, Venceremos, 2100 m, 7-9 Aug 1983 (st), D. N. Smith et al. 4742 (MO). The indument of the leafy twigs, stipules, petioles, and lower surface of the lamina largely matches that of P. bicolor subsp. bicolor. The specimens differ from that taxon in the smooth and puberulous upper surface of the lamina, the broadly ovate lamina, the slender (ca. 15 x 10 cm) staminate inflorescence, the oblong to elliptic 193 tepals of the staminteflower, and the sparse pluricellular hairs. These specimens may represent a distinct cloud forest species (see p. 114). 2. PERU. LORETO: Rio Corrientes, between Tiente Lopez and Puesto Avanzado, 4 Apr 1977 (st), Gentry et al. 19048 (BG); Santa Rosa, 1-5 Sep 1929 (st), Killip & A. C. Smith 28800 (F, NY). BRAZIL. ACRE: Reserva INCRA Santa Luzia, BR- 364, km 40, 5-19 Oct 1984 (st), Campbell et al. 6820 (NY) and 7689 (BG). These have ovate to elliptic leaves (16-32 x 12-22 cm) with a deeply cordate base. The leafy twigs, petioles, stipules, and main veins at the lower surface of the lamina have dense, long, patent, yellow hairs. The stipules are glabrous inside. The presence of arachnoid hairs on the petiole, main veins of the lamina beneath, and stipules suggest affinities to P. tomentosa. These collections may represent a new subspecies of this species. 3. VENEZUELA. AMAZONAS: Nr. Yavita, 21 Apr 1970 (st), Steyermark et al. 102874 (BG, MO, NY, VEN); Dept. Rio Negro, Cerro de la Neblina, Rio Mathe basal pair of lateral veins unbranched; such warinuma, 8-10 Jan 1984 (st), Steyermarket al. 129773 specimens bear some resemblance to P. acumi- (MO). nata. Other specimens (with long hairs) have These collections have thickly coriaceous ovate leaves and the basal pairs of lateral veins leaves, thick leafy twigs with conspicuous lentibranched. However, both types of leaves may cels, and dense, almost black, pluricellular hairs occur on the same plant, or even on the same on the leafy twigs and stipules. In these features branch. they match P. ferruginea, but the characteristic, The material with a scabrous upper leaf sur- dense (white to brownish) villous-arachnoid inface, provisionally kept in P. mollis subsp. tri- dument on the lower surface of the lamina is loba, resembles P. herrerensis in the variation of wanting and the stipules are densely hairy inside. the leaves. These collections might represent an abberant form of P. ferruginea or perhaps of P. melinonii subsp. melinonii. 4. COLOMBIA. VAUPES: Alto Vaupes, 25 Nov 1975 (9), Roa 251 (INPA). This collection has leafy twigs with yellow- hirsute indument and conspicuous lenticels. The indument of the leafy twigs and the leaf surface resembles that of P. cucura, but the thickly coriaceous, somewhat plicate lamina has the hairs on its upper surface confined to the main veins. Moreover, the stipules are hairy inside and the reticulum on the lamina beneath is very prom- inent. The fruiting perianth is scabrous. This specimens has a mixture of characters of P. cucura and P. bicolor subsp. bicolor.
194 5. ECUADOR. NAPO: Aiiangu, 1-15 Feb 1986 (st), Korning & Thomson 47801 and 47807 (BG). The latter has most characters in common with the form of P. bicolor subsp. bicolor with an entire lamina, being smooth above. However, the indument of the leafy twigs, petiole, and lower leaf surface resembles that of P. cucura. The former collection with 5-parted leaves and incisions down to the petiole may represent the juvenile form of the latter collection. The mixture of characters suggests possible hybridization. Names Excluded Pourouma paraensis-nomen (in schedule) given by Huber; refers to Goeldi (MG) 7732 = P. melinonii subsp. melinonii. Pourouma retusa Bentham-nomen, see Miquel in Martius, Fl. bras. 4(1): 128. 1853; refers to Spruce s. n. from Brazil, Amazonas, Manaussyntype collection of P. tomentosa. Pourouma trianae A. Richter-nomen (in schedula); refers to Triana 862 = P. cecropiifolia. Pourouma ulei Warburg ex Ule-nomen; see Ule, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 132. 1907; refers to Ule 9314 = P. cecropiifolia. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors of the Coussapoa revision (C.C.B. and R.W.A.P.A.) are much indebted to Dr. N. G. Bisset (Chelsea College, London) for correct- ing the English text. They thank Mr. Bonsen (In- stitute for Systematic Botany, Utrecht) for con- tributing the chapter on the wood and leaf anatomy, and Drs. E. C. H. van Heusden (In- stitute for Systematic Botany, Utrecht) for preparing the distribution maps. They are grateful to the curators of the cited herbaria for putting their collections at the disposal of the authors. Grants from the Netherlands Foundation for Ad- vancement of Tropical Research (WOTRO) to C.C.B. enabled part of the collections and data on which the treatment is based to the gathered during several South American trips. They also thank Dr. L. B. Holm-Nielsen (Botanical Insti- tute, Aarhus) for his help during fieldwork in Ecuador. The drawings were prepared by Ms. Siri Herland (Bergen), Miss E. M. Hupkens van der Elst (Utrecht), and Mr. T. Schipper (Utrecht). The revision of Pourouma was started by Drs. Flora Neotropica E. Kieft (Utrecht), and some elements of that unfinished study have been used by the present authors (C.C.B. and E.C.H.vH.). The senior au- thor is indebted to the University of Bergen, Fac- ulty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, for covering traveling expenses, and to the Botanical Institute at Bergen for their assistance. The il- lustrations were prepared by Ms. Siri Herland (Bergen), Mr. H. Rypkema (Utrecht), and Mr. T. Schipper (Utrecht). The authors are indebted to Ms. Kathleen Welling for processing part of the text, to Drs. W. H. A. Hekking (Utrecht), Drs. E. Simonis (Utrecht), Ms. Edit Fjaere (Bergen) and Ms. Francina Berg (Bergen) for their assistance in preparing the list of exsiccatae, and to Drs. E. Simonis for his contributions to the preparation of the lists of specimens examined and the distribution maps. LITERATURE CITED Akkermans, R. W. A. P. & C. C. Berg. 1982. New species and combinations in Coussapoa (Cecro- piaceae), and keys to its species. Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Ser. C, 85(4): 441-471. Aublet, J. B. C. F. 1775. Histoire des plantes de Guiane francaise 2. Paris. Benoist, R. 1922. Descriptions d'especes nouvelles du genre Pourouma (Moracees). Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 28: 318-321. . 1924. Descriptions d'especes nouvelles de Phan6rogames de la Guyane francaise. Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 30: 103-105. . 1933. Les bois de la Guyane franqaise. Moracees. Arch. Bot. Mem. 5(1): 29-49. Benson, W. W. 1985. Amazonian ant-plants. In G. T. Prance & T. E. Lovejoy, Key environments: Amazonia. Chapter 13. Pergamon Press. Oxford- New York-Toronto-Sydney-Frankfurt. Berg, C. C. 1975. Coussapoa. In J. Lanjouw & A. L. Stoffers, Flora of Suriname 5(1): 279-286. Leiden. 1977a. Abscission of anthers in Cecropia Loefl. Acta Bot. Neerl. 26: 417-419. . 1977b. Urticales, their differentiation and systematic position. In K. Kubitzki (ed.), Flowering plants, evolution and classification of higher categories. P1. Syst. Evol. Suppl. 1: 349-374. . 1978a. Cecropiaceae, a new family of the Urticales. Taxon 27(1): 39-44. . 1978b. New Amazonian species. Coussapoa prancei and Perebea mennegae (Moraceae). Acta Bot. Neerl. 27: 11-15. . 1983a. A new species of Coussapoa (Cecropiaceae) from Peru. Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Ser. C, 86(3): 305-307. . 1983b. Dispersal and distribution in Urticales-An outline. In K. Kubitzki (ed.), Dispersal
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Organization for Flora Neotropica C
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Copyright ? 1990 The New York Botan
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2 Flora Neotropica ABSTRACT Berg, C
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4 Flora Neotropica COUSSAPOA Engler
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6 Flora Neotropica Ni 3 4 5 FIG. 1.
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8 Flora Neotropica 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a
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10 Flora Neotropica silicified oute
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12 Flora Neotropica v* r r'^S'9n 7
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1.trinervia *C.villosa Poeppig 6 En
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16 Flora Neotropica Table I Extreme
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18 Flora Neotropica 11. Lamina and
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20 Flora Neotropica anth; pistillat
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22 Flora Neotropica 66. Arachnoid h
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24 Flora Neotropica 2. Key to the C
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26 Flora Neotropica 3. Lateral vein
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28 Flora Neotropica 1. Interfloral
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30 10 Sep 1965 (st), Van Donselaar
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32 Flora Neotropica c. FIG. 12. Cou
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34 Flora Neotropica Key to the Subs
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36 Flora Neotropica 4b. Coussapoa a
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38 Flora Neotropica (MO); Dto. Anto
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40 Flora Neotropica FIG. 16. Coussa
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A' .. . FIG. 17. Coussapoa brevipes
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44 Flora Neotropica This species re
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46 Flora Neotropica 1 cm FIG. 20. C
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48 Flora Neotropica tion plane; pet
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50 Flora Neotropica This species ha
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52 Flora Neotropica I 1 cm FIG. 24.
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54 2 ~ ? I wo t :1cm Flora Neotropi
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56 Flora Neotropica G. 27. oussapoa
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58 Flora Neotropica to subsericeous
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60 cm1 2 I! 1 Flora Neotropica FIG.
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FIG. 31. Coussapoa latifolia: 1, le
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64 Flora Neotropica FG2 3,si1e tg t
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66 Flora Neotropica Distribution (F
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FIG.c3.m cousapoa anuenss 1 leves s
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70 Flora Neotropica berulous to hir
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FIG. 37. Coussapoa microcephala: ss
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74 Flora Neotropica ~.I. FIG. 38. C
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78 Flora Neotropica ?~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~
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80 Specimens studied. MEXICO. TABAS
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82 Flora Neotropica ing the margin
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84 Flora Neotropica Coussapoa hirsu
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86 Specimens studied. BRAZIL. BAHIA
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FIG. 46. Coussapoa parvifolia: 1, l
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90 Flora Neotropica and Mocari, 150
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92 1cm Flora Neotropica FIG. 49. Co
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2 1cm FIG. 52. Coussapoa trinervia:
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FG53 Cosaovanfla1leftwgwtstmntifoec
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100 Flora Neotropica FIG. 54. Couss
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102 Flora Neotropica 27336 (F, US).
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104 Flora Neotropica Loja, 1800 m,
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Coussapoa 107 FXG. 56. Coussapoafil
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Coussapoa FIG. 57. Coussapoa tolime
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Morphology ent revision, especially
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Morphology; Phenology; Pollination
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Distribution and Ecology ruginea, P
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Pourouma 117 Key to the Species and
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Pourouma 119 35. Leafy twigs hirsut
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Pourouma 121 65. Arachnoid hairs co
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Pourouma 123 white-arachnoid indume
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Pourouma125 restal "La Paragua," Ri
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Pourouma127 LE, MO, NY, P, S, U, US
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Pourouma ~ I I MINISTERIO DE AGRICU
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Pourouma 131 '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Pourouma 133 3. Smaller veins (reti
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Pourouma 135 1953 (st), Steyermark
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Pourouma 137 of the species range t
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Pourouma 139 This subspecies resemb
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Pourouma 15520 (F, GH, NY), (9), Cu
Page 146 and 147: _' "( O^^Jgy -' i biccoolr P. bicol
Page 148 and 149: Pourouma 145 ,J, ? ^T \Sr~~u. I . .
Page 150 and 151: Pourouma 147 Rio Jurua, Marary, 8 O
Page 152 and 153: Pourouma (U), 17 Feb 1980 (6), Berg
Page 154 and 155: Pourouma ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..
Page 156 and 157: Pourouma 153 FG R.: 17. 411... . ur
Page 158 and 159: Pourouma 155 long, yellow-velutinou
Page 160 and 161: .? P. cucura P. cuspidats GP. 7rorP
Page 162 and 163: Pourouma159 Pourouma triloba Klotzs
Page 164 and 165: Pourouma 161 between Rio Chicanan a
Page 166 and 167: Pourouma 163 FIG. FLORA 76 Prom mn
Page 168 and 169: Pourouma 165 m.m,--- * _ . 1 2'. A
Page 170 and 171: + AJ ++ P O R O ULMA tomentosa. FIG
Page 172 and 173: Pourouma 169 Varadouro do Morcego,
Page 174 and 175: Pourouma qlq, _ j PIF P. t osantosa
Page 176 and 177: Pourouma 173 465 (P); Trois Sauts,
Page 178 and 179: Pourouma 175 I0711~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Page 180 and 181: Pourouma 177 Specimens examined. VE
Page 182 and 183: Pourouma 11 '.ciLnnr'.mon-lik 2 3 4
Page 184 and 185: Pourouma 181 the areoles; lateral v
Page 186 and 187: Pourouma 183 Ak~~~~~~~~~~~~?IIk i.
Page 188 and 189: Pourouma 185 I I STPE ,E Fn CL1 |SO
Page 190 and 191: Pourouma 187 . . . FIG. 91. Pouroum
Page 192 and 193: Pourouma 189 upper Rio Madre de Dio
Page 194 and 195: Pourouma 191 bi f In i FIG. 92. Pou
Page 198 and 199: Literature Cited 195 and distributi
Page 200 and 201: Exsiccatae 197 e. subsp. chocoana (
Page 202 and 203: Exsiccatae Dombey, J., s.n. (1-42).
Page 204 and 205: Exsiccatae 201 Korning, J. et al.,
Page 206 and 207: Exsiccatae 20); 15764 (1-40); 15791
Page 208 and 209: Exsiccatae 205 Weberbauer, A., 3639
Page 210 and 211: Index of Scientific Names 207 conto
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Cecropiaceae: Coussapoa and Pourouma, with an ... - CNCFlora

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