A Feasibility Study - Aaltodoc - Aalto-yliopisto

Table of Contents
List of symbols ......................................................................................................... iii
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................... iv
1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Framework ....................................................................................................................1
1.2 Concept .........................................................................................................................2
LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................. 3
2 Ocean Waves .................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Physics of ocean waves ................................................................................................3
2.2 Wave energy converters ...............................................................................................7
2.3 Wave energy resource ..................................................................................................9
3 Fresh water ..................................................................................................... 11
3.1 Water on Earth .......................................................................................................... 11
3.2 Water usage and price ............................................................................................... 13
3.3 Demand for water ..................................................................................................... 14
4 Electricity – availability and cost levels ............................................................ 15
4.1 Australia ..................................................................................................................... 15
4.2 Chile ........................................................................................................................... 15
4.3 South Africa ............................................................................................................... 16
4.4 Isolated areas ............................................................................................................ 16
4.5 The United States (mainland and Hawaii) ................................................................. 17
4.6 Canary Islands (Spain) ................................................................................................ 17
4.7 Concluding remarks ................................................................................................... 18
5 Desalination .................................................................................................... 19
5.1 Thermal methods ...................................................................................................... 20
5.2 Reverse osmosis ........................................................................................................ 22
5.2.1 Reverse osmosis using renewable energy .......................................................................... 26
5.3 Desalination market .................................................................................................. 29
6 Concluding remarks ......................................................................................... 31
FEASIBILITY STUDY .................................................................................................. 32
7 Objectives ....................................................................................................... 32
8 AaltoRO concept ............................................................................................. 33
8.1 Wave Energy Converter ............................................................................................. 34
8.2 Fluid Power System ................................................................................................... 35
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