WUPATKI PUEBLO: A STUDY IN CULTURAL FUSION AND ...

They are, of course, found in small numbers in the Sinagua
region.
In summary, it can be seen that the plumb-bob is
not common in the Sinagua area, and apparently not found at
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all in the Anasazl and Mogollon regions. It would appear to
be a looal Hohokam trait which spread after the eruption to
the Flagstaff region with the new Hohokam immigrants. On
the other hand, the plain cylinders are typioal Sinagua
artifacts and are not found in the Hohokam area. They might,
however, have originated as a modification of the plumb-bob
cylinder during the Pueblo II period, perhaps during contact
with Hohokam peoples in the Verde Valley to the south. Plain
cylinders are not noted for any Anasazi sites other than the
late Hop! Mesa area sites. These cylinders no doubt are
evidence of Sinagua and Hopi contact and trade at the 1200-
1300 time level, and the specimens which occur In a few late
northern Mogollon sites are probably also evidence of Sinagua
trading activity. The great preponderance of specimens in
Pueblo III Sinagua sites indicates that this Is a local trait.
Chipped Stone Tools
Hundreds of cores, waste flakes, and chipped chunks
are found in the Wupatki stone collection, but most showed no
secondary chipping or evidence of use other than as raw
material. Many sharp-edged waste flakes may have been used