WUPATKI PUEBLO: A STUDY IN CULTURAL FUSION AND ...

there are no indications of protective walls# The houses
are spread out along the ridge in a compact, terraced line,
in some places three stories high (Fig. 2, 3, 63, 66).
Several long walls extended along portions of the ruin on
the east side, connecting the northern and southern house
units, and they once formed a rectangular plaza-like area.
They wei*e probably similar to the wind-sheltering wing walls
found in some Cohonina and Sinagua sites (Smith 1952a: 8-10,
30-33* ^2„ 5 2 )« Several small, independent, individual
rooms lie closely outside the pueblo. Basically the settle­
ment pattern is linear in form, and it may partially meet the
definition given by Reed (1956: 11-16) for the Anasazl uni­
directional settlement pattern. Trash piles are found in
back and in front of the dwelling area, but the front is
identified by the large circular amphitheater to the east
of the dwelling units, and the stepped arrangement of dwelling
units to the east.
The ruin has never been completely excavated, but
the original size was apparently about 95 rooms. However,
several of these rooms are very small and are obviously
storage areas rather than living quarters (Rooms 30, ^7, 69,
and 70, for example), and thus, the actual ground floor
living rooms may have numbered about 50-60. J. C. Pisoher
Motz estimated that the total population at any one time
may not Have exceeded 120. This figure would agree with
Hopi data of the 1890*s that indicated about two persons per
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