Sick and Tired: Understanding and Managing Sleep Difficulties in ...

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The following ten statements refer to how you usually feel. For each statement please tick the box that best represents how you have felt over the past month. 1. I am bothered by fatigue Never Sometimes Regularly Often Always 1 2 3 4 5 2. I get tired very quickly 1 2 3 4 5 3. I don‟t do much during the day 1 2 3 4 5 4. 4. I have enough energy for everyday life 5. Physically, I feel exhausted 6. I have problems starting things 7. I have problems thinking clearly 8. I feel no desire to do anything 9. Mentally, I feel exhausted 10. When I am doing something I can concentrate quite well 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 213
The questions in this scale ask you about your feelings and thoughts during the last month. In each case, please indicate with a check how often you feel or thought a certain way. In the past month….. Not at Almost Sometimes Fairly Very all Never Often Often 1. How often have you been upset because of something that happened unexpectedly? 0 1 2 3 4 2. How often have you felt that you were unable to control the important things in your life? 0 1 2 3 4 3. How often have you felt nervous and „stressed‟? 0 1 2 3 4 4. How often have you dealt successfully with irritating life hassles? 0 1 2 3 4 5. How often have you felt that you were effectively coping with important changes that were occurring in your life? 0 1 2 3 4 6. How often have you felt confident about your ability to handle your personal life? 0 1 2 3 4 7. How often have you felt things were going your way? 0 1 2 3 4 8. How you often have you found that you could not cope with all the things that you had to do? 0 1 2 3 4 9. How often have you been able to control irritations in your life? 0 1 2 3 4 10. How often have you felt that you were on top of things? 0 1 2 3 4 11. How often have you been angered because of things that happened that were outside of your control? 0 1 2 3 4 12. How often have you found yourself thinking about things that you have to accomplish? 0 1 2 3 4 13. How often have you been able to control the way you spend your time? 0 1 2 3 4 14. How often have you felt difficulties were piling up so high that you could not overcome them? 0 1 2 3 4 214
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Sick and Tired: Understanding and M
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Chapter Four. The Nature and Effect
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References ........................
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List of Tables Table 1. Participant
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Co-authored Works Although the stud
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Acknowledgments This thesis would n
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Intellectual Property Rights There
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Confidential Material No participan
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The role of sleep in FMS appears to
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little information was available as
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Psychophysiologic insomnia which is
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and are less able to inhibit the pa
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widely applied in clinical practice
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of fewer tender points; usually bet
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Current Management Strategies The t
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also likely to depend on a number o
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deep sleep (stages three and four)
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Although sleep moves through the sl
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Figure 3. The Integrative Model of
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However, conducting a blood test is
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As sleep is a complex process invol
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Sleep Diaries Sleep diaries are a k
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pain). Lentz et al (1999) revealed
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These results have also been suppor
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(McCracken & Iverson, 2002) which s
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Figure 4. Conceptual model of the d
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Clinical Implications Despite the p
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Chapter Three. Sleep in FMS As high
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& Penzien, 2003), although alpha wa
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pauses in breathing indicative of s
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Relationships between Sleep and Pai
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Managing Sleep Disturbance in FMS D
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may be possible to help patients im
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person to initiate an action (such
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and Nicassio et al (1995) only expl
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1) Poor sleep quality, defined by t
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elow 0.7 are acceptable. Therefore
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heart disease (Epstein et al., 1999
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In order to explore the links betwe
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questionnaire 78 (77.2%) of the par
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efficiency, suggesting that partici
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Older age and longer length of illn
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Table 2. Correlations between demog
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Logistic Regression As 97% of the s
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in bed, participants may have devel
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Relationship between Negative Affec
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participants, who may be less likel
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emotional problems, increased pain
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eactions are most likely to be detr
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It has been suggested that the auto
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For both groups, participants were
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with and without chronic medical co
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As previously described on page 61,
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Figure 7. Scree plot for the explor
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Figure 8. Scree plot for the explor
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Table 6. Participant characteristic
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Table 7. Measures of central tenden
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CON = DBAS-10 Dysfunctional beliefs
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The Exp (B) values revealed that hi
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has explored the use of napping on
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It became clear, through the analys
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interventions. With this in mind, t
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The philosophy of phenomenology was
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Methods Participants were given a w
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Table 11. Interview schedule for th
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Rigour The interview transcripts we
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“The main symptom is this overwhe
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Theme Two. Inter-relationship betwe
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where I live, so I don‟t know, I
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Participants also described how the
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“XXXX (name of person) planned a
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A strong theme that emerged in this
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conducted at several time points, w
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Chapter Seven. Investigating the Ef
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activities because they no longer f
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Therefore as this was a feasibility
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Self-reported sleep quality was ass
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The progressive muscle relaxation (
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Exploring the baseline data, there
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Consequently, univariate analysis w
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There was no significant correlatio
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people with FMS (Perlis, Giles, Men
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The aim of this study was to explor
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observed in perceived overall sleep
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elaborated on in Chapter Six, which
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Four) revealed that global sleep qu
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Modifications to the Call-Schmidt a
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MBSR programme in people with FMS (
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diagnostic criteria for these sleep
Page 179 and 180: comprehensive measures to look at t
Page 181 and 182: References Abad, V. C., Sarinas, P.
Page 183 and 184: Brand, S., Gerber, M., Beck, J., Ha
Page 185 and 186: Crofford, L. J., & Demitrack, M. A.
Page 187 and 188: Goldenberg, D. L., Kaplan, K. H., N
Page 189 and 190: Johns, M. W. (2002). Sleep propensi
Page 191 and 192: Leung, Y. Y., Ho, K. W., Zhu, T. Y.
Page 193 and 194: Mease, P. J. (2005). Fibromyalgia s
Page 195 and 196: symptoms in healthy subjects; Corre
Page 197 and 198: approach with illustration to the h
Page 199 and 200: Thomas, E. N., & Blotman, F. (2010)
Page 201 and 202: Yunus, M. B., Masi, A. T., & Aldag,
Page 203 and 204: Appendices Appendix A: Search Strat
Page 205 and 206: Sleep and Fibromyalgia Syndrome Con
Page 207 and 208: 190
Page 209 and 210: The following questions relate to y
Page 211 and 212: There are lots of ways to try to de
Page 213 and 214: 42. I try hard to prevent other thi
Page 215 and 216: During the past month have you had
Page 217 and 218: Appendix E: Published paper of Stud
Page 219 and 220: 202
Page 221 and 222: 204
Page 223 and 224: 206
Page 225 and 226: Sleep and Fibromyalgia Syndrome Con
Page 227 and 228: Appendix H: Participant Questionnai
Page 229: Below are 10 statements reflecting
Page 233 and 234: Appendix I. Published Paper for Stu
Page 235 and 236: 218
Page 237 and 238: 220
Page 239 and 240: 222
Page 241 and 242: Appendix K. Information Sheet and C
Page 243 and 244: Sleep in Fibromyalgia Syndrome Cons
Page 245 and 246: Appendix L: Letter of Ethical Appro
Page 247 and 248: Appendix M. Letter to GPs for Study
Page 249 and 250: What are the side effects of any tr
Page 251 and 252: Appendix O: Poster Advertising Stud
Page 253 and 254: Appendix Q: Participant Questionnai
Page 255 and 256: HAD Scale Read each item and place
Page 257 and 258: During the past month have you had
Page 259 and 260: Appendix R. Letter from Dr Mark Cro
Page 261 and 262: PUBLICATIONS Peer Reviewed Journal
Page 263: and panic-like episodes, Faculty of
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