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Joseph horwitz, PhD Oppenheimer Brothers Professor of Ophthalmology Distinguished Professor of Ophthalmology Member of the Jules Stein Eye Institute ReseaRch summaRy Biochemistry and Biophysics of the Crystalline Lens Dr. Horwitz is conducting research on the biochemical and biophysical properties of normal and cataractous lens proteins. In his laboratory, techniques have been developed for the microdissection of single human cataractous lenses and for separating, with the aid of a microscope, opaque areas and adjacent normal areas. The cataractous and normal lens sections are then studied with the aid of a high-performance liquid chromatography system that separates the chemical substances. This work should provide valuable information about the lens proteins, and contribute directly to understanding the processes involved in the development of cataracts. In addition, Dr. Horwitz is investigating the molecular chaperone properties of the lens’ α-crystallin, a protein that plays an important role in keeping the eye lens clear during normal aging. Alpha-crystallin is also involved in age-related macular degeneration, as well as in many other neurodegenerative diseases. Public Service Ad hoc Member, National Institutes of Health, Anterior Eye Disease Study Section Reviewer for many scientific journals Faculty | Horwitz 45
Wayne L. hubbell, PhD Jules Stein Professor of Ophthalmology Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry Co-Chief of the Vision Science Division Associate Director of the Jules Stein Eye Institute ReseaRch summaRy Molecular Basis of Phototransduction in the Vertebrate Retina Dr. Hubbell’s research is focused on understanding the complex relationship between molecular structure, plasticity, and conformational changes that control protein function in the visual system. Of particular interest are proteins that behave as “molecular switches,” that is proteins whose structures are switched to an active state by a physical or chemical signal. Examples include rhodopsin, the membrane-bound photoreceptor protein of the retina, and transducin and arrestin, proteins that associate with rhodopsin during function. The overall goal is to determine the structure of these proteins in their native environment, monitor the changes in structure that accompany the transition to an active state, and to understand the role of protein flexibility in function. To investigate these and other proteins, Dr. Hubbell’s laboratory has developed the technique of site-directed spin labeling, a novel and powerful approach to the exploration of protein structure and dynamics. By changing the genetic code, a specific attachment point in the protein is created for a nitroxide spin label probe. Analysis of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum of the spin label provides information about the local environment in the protein. With a sufficiently large set of labeled proteins, global information on structure is obtained and changes in the structure during function can be followed in real time. While determination of static protein structure is important to understanding function, current research has highlighted a crucial role for protein flexibility (dynamics), which has not been previously appreciated. To explore molecular flexibility in proteins of the visual system, Dr. Hubbell’s group is developing novel methods using time-domain and high-pressure EPR. 46 Faculty | Hubbell Public Service Member, National Academy of Sciences Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences Honors Elected as a Fellow of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Research Grants National Eye Institute: Molecular Basis of Membrane Excitation, 5/1/05–4/30/13 National Eye Institute: Core Grant for Vision Research at the Jules Stein Eye Institute (received an ARRA Administrative Supplement), 3/1/10–2/28/15
Page 1 and 2: Jules Stein Eye Institute ANNUAL RE
Page 3 and 4: ii Jules and Doris Stein The legacy
Page 5 and 6: iv Board of Trustees Board of Trust
Page 7 and 8: vi Jules Stein Mission Statement Th
Page 9 and 10: 2 Highlights Dear Friends, I am ple
Page 11 and 12: Institute Brings a Pediatric-Friend
Page 13 and 14: Honors Each year, as part of their
Page 15 and 16: Research Research is a key componen
Page 17 and 18: Adaptive Robotics for Ocular Surger
Page 19 and 20: 17th Annual Vision Science Conferen
Page 21 and 22: Audrey and Jack Skirball continued
Page 23 and 24: The Ahmanson Foundation Awards Gran
Page 25 and 26: Major Gifts over $25,000 American G
Page 27 and 28: Jules Stein Chair in Ophthalmology
Page 29 and 30: Community Outreach Much of the Jule
Page 31 and 32: Vision Education Vision IN-School (
Page 33 and 34: anthony J. aldave, mD Associate Pro
Page 35 and 36: Richard s. Baker, mD Associate Prof
Page 37 and 38: 30 Faculty | Bok Dean Bok, PhD Doll
Page 39 and 40: Richard casey, mD Clinical Professo
Page 41 and 42: Joseph L. Demer, mD, PhD Leonard Ap
Page 43 and 44: Gordon L. Fain, PhD Distinguished P
Page 45 and 46: Joann a. Giaconi, mD Assistant Clin
Page 47 and 48: Robert alan Goldberg, mD Karen and
Page 49 and 50: michael B. Gorin, mD, PhD Harold an
Page 51: Gary N. holland, mD Jack H. Skirbal
Page 55 and 56: sherwin J. Isenberg, mD Laraine and
Page 57 and 58: simon K. Law, mD, PharmD Associate
Page 59 and 60: colin a. mccannel, mD Associate Pro
Page 61 and 62: Kevin m. miller, mD Kolokotrones Pr
Page 63 and 64: Kouros Nouri-mahdavi, mD, msc Assis
Page 65 and 66: stacy L. Pineles, mD Assistant Prof
Page 67 and 68: David sarraf, mD Associate Clinical
Page 69 and 70: hui sun, PhD Associate Professor of
Page 71 and 72: Federico G. Velez, mD Assistant Cli
Page 73 and 74: David s. Williams, PhD Jules and Do
Page 75 and 76: 68 Faculty INsTITuTe memBeRs BaseD
Page 77 and 78: 70 Faculty PROFessIONaL ReseaRch se
Page 79 and 80: 72 Faculty michael D. Olson, OD, Ph
Page 81 and 82: 74 Faculty Vicki chan, mD Associate
Page 84 and 85: Programs
Page 86 and 87: Nearly all the evaluation, diagnosi
Page 88 and 89: Diabetic Eye Disease and Retinal Va
Page 90 and 91: Orbital Disease Center The Orbital
Page 92 and 93: Ophthalmic Photography Clinical Lab
Page 94 and 95: Didactic Education Residents receiv
Page 96 and 97: Fellowship in Cornea-External Ocula
Page 98 and 99: Fellowship in Vitreoretinal Disease
Page 100 and 101: Appendices
Page 102 and 103:
Assistant Clinical Professor of Oph
Page 104 and 105:
Educational Offerings Ophthalmology
Page 106 and 107:
Research Contracts and Grants Fisca
Page 108 and 109:
Longitudinal Studies of Ocular Comp
Page 110 and 111:
Biochemical and Genetic Analysis of
Page 112 and 113:
Age-Related Eye Disease Study II Em
Page 114 and 115:
Corneal Endothelial Cell Changes in
Page 116 and 117:
Genetics of Age-Related Maculopathy
Page 118 and 119:
PET/CT Imaging for Early Detection
Page 120 and 121:
Publications of the Full-Time Facul
Page 122 and 123:
Li X, Bykhovskaya Y, Haritunians T,
Page 124 and 125:
Kalyani PS, Holland GN, Fawzi AA, A
Page 126 and 127:
Dean AW, Glasgow BJ. Mass spectrome
Page 128 and 129:
Appendices | Publications of the Fu
Page 130 and 131:
The emblem of the Jules Stein Eye I
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