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CHAPTER 5: EMI MEASUREMENTS 5.3.1 Calibration procedure Figure 5.3: Calibration curve for current probe FCC F-35A The current probe has a voltage output measured across the "50 Ohm input" of the Spectrum Analyser; to obtain the current measurement Ohm’s law is applied, using the known transfer impedance: Ip = ES/ZT The same formula, applied to values in dB is: Ip(dBµA) = ES(dBµV)−ZT(dBΩ) (5.3.1) Therefore to get the current measurement in dB, from the voltage readings on the Spec- trum Analyser, the Transfer Impedance ZT needs to be subtracted. Because ZT changes throughout the frequency, its behaviour needs to be recorded and used to obtain a precise measurement. In order to do this, pairs of Voltage and Current values will be recorded for all the frequency that will be used for the emissions measurements. The first step is to measure the reference current injected by the Signal Generator into the 50Ω nominal load; the generator should inject a constant test reference current, but for such a wide range of frequencies this is unlikely to be verified, so in this measurement the actual reference current is recorded. For this measurement three connections are needed: a BNC cable must connect the "10MHz Out" on the Spectrum Analyser to the "10MHz In" of the Signal Generator; another BNC cable must connect the "Trig- ger Out" from the Signal Generator to the "Trigger In" of the Spectrum Analyser, this 59
CHAPTER 5: EMI MEASUREMENTS will trigger the frequency measurement for every frequency step. A RF cable must be plugged from the output of Signal Generator into the Spectrum Analyser, to feed the signal into the measuring instrument. BW: Res BW→100kHz Settings on the Spectrum Analyser AMPTD Yscale: More→YAxis unit → A Trace/Detector: Max Hold Trigger: External 1 FREQ Channel: Start Freq→100kHz Stop Freq→30MHz Sweep/Control: Points→29901 Input/Output: RF Input→RF Coupling→DC Settings on the Signal Generator Sweep/List: • Sweep Type→Step Frequency: 100KHz Amplitude: -10dBm • Sweep Repeat→Cont • Configure Step Sweeps: – Freq Start → 100kHz – Freq Stop→30MHz – # Points→29901 – Step Dwell→40 ms Once the sweep on the Signal Generator will be complete, the Spectrum Analyser will have stored the reference, that will have to be exported to provide the vector of current vs. frequency values. Once the reference is saved, the proper measurement for the probe’s impedance has to take place. For this calibration the probe must be placed in the Current Probe Cali- bration Fixtures, as in Fig. 5.4; for this configuration four connections are needed: the usual two BNC for the 10MHz and the trigger signal, then two RF cables, one to connect the probe to the spectrum analyser and the other to connect the signal generator to the calibration Fixture (the metallic box visible in Fig. 5.4). Note: the other plug of the calibration fixture must have a 50Ω terminator to match the cable’s impedance. The settings on the instruments are the same as before, with the only exception for the Y scale on the spectrum analyser, this parameter should now be volts (V), to read the 60
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EMI Filter Design for Matrix Conver
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that may involve long Finite Elemen
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CONTENTS 3.1 Introduction . . . . .
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CONTENTS B External DLL 118 B.1 C c
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LIST OF FIGURES 2.10 Measurement at
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LIST OF FIGURES 6.9 CM Conducted EM
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LIST OF FIGURES 8.18 Input CM and D
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LIST OF TABLES 7.9 Attenuation for
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION the receive
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Abs. Magnit
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Figure 1.5:
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CHAPTER 8: FILTER REALIZATION AND E
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CHAPTER 8: FILTER REALIZATION AND E
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CHAPTER 9 Conclusions and Further w
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APPENDIX A Scientific Publications
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B.1 C code APPENDIX B External DLL
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APPENDIX B: EXTERNAL DLL Tseq_Pulse
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APPENDIX B: EXTERNAL DLL B.2 MAST c
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References [1] RTCA Incorporated. R
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REFERENCES nious drives. In Europea
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REFERENCES [48] D.F. Knurek. Reduci
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