EARLY BRONZE AGE DAGGERS IN CENTRAL ... - Bilkent University

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the dagger, the ratio of the blade length to tang length, suggest that this dagger was sharpened repeatedly. It is not certain that this dagger had a second rivet although there is a depression at the end of the tang. This might be the result of extensive use, rather than a broken end piece. Type Ie This subtype of Type I dagger has a very short tang with no rivet attachment. An early example of this type of dagger is found in Yazılıkaya (Cat. No: 34). Due to its tiny tang, one might assume that the handle might have been extended to the blade portion of the dagger. Type Ie1 Another example of this Type Ie blade comes from a chronologically later site of Resuloğlu (Cat. No: 31). The tang of this dagger is, however, wider and the shoulders are narrow and almost straight. Type If Type If daggers have rounded ends, or the tang is represented by a small bump, at the end of the blade. The handles are attached by at least three rivets. A basic example comes from Alişar Höyük. This dagger (Cat. No: 11) is called the “Alişar III” dagger in the literature. It has a rounded butt which was pierced by three rivets which form a triangle. Type If1 The Alaca Höyük dagger (Cat. No: 7) which employs three rivets, in the same manner as the Alişar dagger. The dagger’s blade is made out of iron and the handle 48
has a wooden core wrapped in electrum. The dagger was probably a status item rather than a functional weapon. Type If2 The final Type I dagger to discuss is also the most elaborate dagger found in Central Anatolia. It is made out of iron and has a crescentic pommel construction. The handle attached to the dagger with five rivets, first three in a triangular arrangement. 5.3 Type II Without a doubt, the broad central flange (midrib) was one of the most common and technologically advanced methods to produce dagger blades in Central Anatolia. The wide central flange ensured the rigidity of the blade while keeping the blade relatively thin-profiled (Maxwell-Hyslop 1946:14). This technological innovation prevented the blade from buckling while allowing it to penetrate and be withdrawn easily. The advantage of a wide central flange was recognized even by the Hittites in the later era and became one of their favorite blade types (Maxwell-Hyslop, 1946: 14). Type IIa Type IIa daggers have flat midribs which are at the same width as the tang and the edge of the midrib runs parallel to the edges of the blade. The tang is pierced with a single rivet. Thse daggers are subdivided, based on the shoulder morphology. An Ahlatlıbel dagger (Cat. No: 1) is a good representative of this type of daggers. 49
Page 1 and 2:
EARLY BRONZE AGE DAGGERS IN CENTRAL
Page 3 and 4:
ABSTRACT EARLY BRONZE AGE DAGGERS I
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I am
Page 7 and 8: 3.5 Chronological Labels………
Page 9 and 10: CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The beginnin
Page 11 and 12: Western Europe which covers a time
Page 13 and 14: There are a limited number of excav
Page 15 and 16: chronology shows the existence of w
Page 17 and 18: 2.1 Definition Nevertheless, a simp
Page 19 and 20: It should be accepted, at least the
Page 21 and 22: 3.1 Chronological Limits of Early B
Page 23 and 24: accepted as belonging to the second
Page 25 and 26: If this is taken as a starting poin
Page 27 and 28: The majority of the dagger finds in
Page 29 and 30: 4.2 The Key Sites in Central Anatol
Page 31 and 32: evidence cannot be taken as a defin
Page 33 and 34: dated to the second half of the thi
Page 35 and 36: Hans Henning Von der Osten suggeste
Page 37 and 38: Depata with red cross decoration fi
Page 39 and 40: intentionally mutilating metal vess
Page 41 and 42: elations between Kültepe and Troy.
Page 43 and 44: Phase III in Polatlı is characteri
Page 45 and 46: place. This is most obvious by the
Page 47 and 48: destroyed in Anatolia and none of t
Page 49 and 50: of Yazır Höyük, Demirci Höyük
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER V CENTRAL ANATOLIAN DAGGER
Page 53 and 54: and Önder Bilgi (1989), does not c
Page 55: Type Ic1 A dagger from the Ankara C
Page 59 and 60: Type IId The flat midrib’s edges
Page 61 and 62: and Type IVb (Cat. No: 20), come fr
Page 63 and 64: 5.8 Type VII The only example of a
Page 65 and 66: 6.1 Pontic Interactions When the ge
Page 67 and 68: 39). Yenihayat is not a formaly exc
Page 69 and 70: A shaft-hole axe hammer; a mace hea
Page 71 and 72: of such a dagger in the Central Ana
Page 73 and 74: daggers were, without a question, e
Page 75 and 76: Some of the Yenihayat daggers’ mi
Page 77 and 78: egional variance in the production
Page 79 and 80: No.71-71), without an illustration,
Page 81 and 82: Black Sea region. It is not a contr
Page 83 and 84: lades have wide midrib; sloping sho
Page 85 and 86: With the advancement of archaeometa
Page 87 and 88: Similarly, there are cultural conne
Page 89 and 90: Another benefit of experimental arc
Page 91 and 92: -----. 1984. “Metal Objects from
Page 93 and 94: Lloyd, Seton, Howard Frederick, and
Page 95 and 96: Reade, J. 2001. “Assyrian King-Li
Page 97 and 98: Yalçın, Ü. 2010. “ Alacahöyü
Page 104 and 105: Fig. 1 APPENDIX C FIGURES 96
Page 106 and 107:
. Fig. 22 Fig. 26 Fig. 18 Fig. 19 F
Page 108 and 109:
11. Stronach 1957:93, fig. 2/7. 12.
Page 110 and 111:
Type IId Type II b Cat. No: 4 Cat.
Page 112 and 113:
Type I f1 Type I F2 Cat. No: 7 Fune
Page 114 and 115:
Çadır Höyük Type I c Cat. No: 1
Page 116 and 117:
Type I c Type IV a1 Type IVb Cat. N
Page 118 and 119:
Type II a1 Cat. No: 24 Kalınkaya n
Page 120 and 121:
POLATLI: Ankara province. Type II c
Page 122 and 123:
YAZILIKAYA: Afyon province. Type I
Page 124 and 125:
Type V b Type II a2 Type II a1 Cat.
Page 126 and 127:
Type I c2 Type ? Type III a Cat. No
Page 128:
Type I a Cat. No: 47 Sadberk Hanım
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