Firebird 2.1 Language Reference Update

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WEEK Bug alert Internal functions MILLISECOND extraction is broken in Firebird 2.1 and 2.1.1. In those versions, the number returned is an INTEGER including SECOND*1000, so if the time is e.g. 20:48:17.637, the MILLISECOND value is 17637 while it should be 637. This bug has been fixed in version 2.1.2. Note Added in: 2.1 If you extract the millisecond from CURRENT_TIME, be aware that this variable defaults to seconds precision, so the result will always be 0. Extract from CURRENT_TIME(3) or CURRENT_TIMESTAMP to get milliseconds precision. Description: Firebird 2.1 and up support extraction of the ISO-8601 week number from a DATE or TIMESTAMP. ISO-8601 weeks start on a Monday and always have the full seven days. Week 1 is the first week that has a majority (at least 4) of its days in the new year. The first 1–3 days of the year may belong to the last week (52 or 53) of the previous year. Likewise, a year's final 1–3 days may belong to week 1 of the following year. Caution Be careful when combining WEEK and YEAR results. For instance, 30 December 2008 lies in week 1 of 2009, so “extract (week from date '30 Dec 2008')” returns 1. However, extracting YEAR always gives the calendar year, which is 2008. In this case, WEEK and YEAR are at odds with each other. The same happens when the first days of January belong to the last week of the previous year. Please also notice that WEEKDAY is not ISO-8601 compliant: it returns 0 for Sunday, whereas ISO-8601 specifies 7. Available in: DSQL, PSQL Added in: 2.1 FLOOR() Description: Returns the largest whole number smaller than or equal to the argument. Result type: BIGINT or DOUBLE PRECISION Syntax: FLOOR (number) Important If the external function FLOOR is declared in your database, it will override the internal function. To make the internal function available, DROP or ALTER the external function (UDF). 139
See also: CEIL() / CEILING() Available in: DSQL, ESQL, PSQL Added in: IB Internal functions GEN_ID() Description: Increments a generator or sequence and returns its new value. From Firebird 2.0 onward, the SQLcompliant NEXT VALUE FOR syntax is preferred, except when an increment other than 1 is needed. Result type: BIGINT Syntax: Example: GEN_ID (generator-name, ) ::= An integer expression. new.rec_id = gen_id(gen_recnum, 1); Warning Unless you know very well what you are doing, using GEN_ID() with step values lower than 1 may compromise your data's integrity. See also: NEXT VALUE FOR, CREATE GENERATOR Available in: DSQL, PSQL Added in: 2.1 GEN_UUID() Description: Returns a universally unique ID as a 16-byte character string. Result type: CHAR(16) CHARACTER SET OCTETS Syntax: GEN_UUID () Available in: DSQL, PSQL HASH() 140
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Firebird 2.1 Language Reference Upd
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Table of Contents 1. Introduction .
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Firebird 2.1 Language Ref. Update F
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Firebird 2.1 Language Ref. Update A
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Firebird 2.1 Language Ref. Update s
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Chapter 1 Introduction Subject matt
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Chapter 2 Reserved words and keywor
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LOCK LOG LOG10 LPAD MATCHED MATCHIN
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Chapter 3 Available in: DSQL, PSQL
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Example: select name, age, case upp
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Data types and subtypes • Partial
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Added in: 1.0, 1.5, 1.5.1, 2.0, 2.1
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Chapter 5 DDL statements The statem
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With a special attribute (case-sens
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DIFFERENCE FILE parameter Added in:
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CREATE DOMAIN Available in: DSQL, E
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Example: DDL statements create exce
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Syntax: Example: ALTER EXTERNAL FUN
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DDL statements -- the following que
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DDL statements PROCEDURE A stored p
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DDL statements Description: Firebir
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DDL statements NOT NULL in variable
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CREATE GENERATOR Available in: DSQL
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Better alternative: DROP SEQUENCE D
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) DDL statements lastname varchar(2
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USING INDEX subclause Available in:
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ALTER COLUMN: SET DEFAULT Available
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UNIQUE constraints now allow NULLs
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Example: DDL statements create trig
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Multi-action triggers Added in: 1.5
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NOT NULL in variable declarations C
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DDL statements Restriction on recre
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DDL statements got a chance to put
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ORDER BY Available in: DSQL, PSQL A
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DML statements ROWS can also be use
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DML statements COLLATE in variable
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The same call in ESQL (with obligat
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DML statements Description: A SELEC
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DML statements Aggregate functions
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Syntax: Example: Notes: ::= DML
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DML statements select d.dept_no, d.
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DML statements FIRST and SKIP are b
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DML statements select strlen(lastna
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DML statements Description: A natur
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DML statements • Only non-negativ
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Example: DML statements plan (MyTab
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UNIONs in subqueries Changed in: 2.
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Restrictions DML statements • The
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DML statements Description: Limits
Page 100 and 101: Chapter 7 Available in: DSQL Added
Page 102 and 103: Transaction control statements If t
Page 104 and 105: Transaction control statements •
Page 106 and 107: Chapter 8 PSQL statements PSQL - Pr
Page 108 and 109: PSQL statements • If sql_datatype
Page 110 and 111: Warning PSQL statements If you chan
Page 112 and 113: PSQL statements exception ex_bad_ty
Page 114 and 115: PSQL statements as declare variable
Page 116 and 117: Examples: PSQL statements thoroughl
Page 118 and 119: leave; end end c = 0; PSQL statemen
Page 120 and 121: Chapter 9 Available in: DSQL, PSQL
Page 122 and 123: Changed in: 2.0 Context variables D
Page 124 and 125: Context variables its execution was
Page 126 and 127: Context variables Description: OLD
Page 128 and 129: Chapter 10 Changed in: 2.0 Operator
Page 130 and 131: UNION as subselect Changed in: 2.0
Page 132 and 133: Chapter 11 Aggregate functions Aggr
Page 134 and 135: Chapter 12 Available in: DSQL, PSQL
Page 136 and 137: • If the argument is NULL, NULL i
Page 138 and 139: Result type: INTEGER or BIGINT Synt
Page 140 and 141: Result type: INTEGER Syntax: BIT_LE
Page 142 and 143: Internal functions This gives you c
Page 144 and 145: Available in: DSQL, PSQL Added in:
Page 148 and 149: Example: The equivalent CASE constr
Page 152 and 153: Added in: 2.1 Internal functions De
Page 154 and 155: Internal functions • If x is nega
Page 156 and 157: Examples: Internal functions lpad (
Page 158 and 159: Internal functions This will return
Page 160 and 161: Internal functions overlay ('Goodby
Page 164 and 165: Internal functions Description: Cre
Page 166 and 167: Internal functions reverse ('Was it
Page 168 and 169: Added in: 2.1 Internal functions De
Page 170 and 171: Syntax: SINH (number) Important Int
Page 174 and 175: Notes: Internal functions • If th
Page 176 and 177: Description: Returns the arc cosine
Page 178 and 179: Declaration: External functions (UD
Page 180 and 181: Library: ib_udf Changed in: 1.0, 2.
Page 182 and 183: Better alternative: Internal functi
Page 184 and 185: External functions (UDFs) Descripti
Page 186 and 187: Syntax: cot (angle) Declaration: Ex
Page 188 and 189: Declaration: External functions (UD
Page 190 and 191: Library: ib_udf Added in: IB Change
Page 192 and 193: Changed in: 1.5, 1.5.2, 2.0 Better
Page 194 and 195: External functions (UDFs) DECLARE E
Page 196 and 197: See sright. Library: fbudf Added in
Page 198 and 199: Notes: External functions (UDFs) Fo
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Syntax: sign (number) Declaration:
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Library: fbudf Added in: 1.0 (Win),
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Notes: External functions (UDFs) th
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Better alternative: Internal functi
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Appendix A: Notes Character set NON
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Table A.1. How TPB settings affect
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Notes A note on CSTRING parameters
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Notes Maximum number of indices in
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Document History DDL statements ::
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Document History Internal functions
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Appendix C: License notice The cont
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Firebird 2.1 Language Reference Update

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