Firebird 2.1 Language Reference Update

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External functions (UDFs) DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION snullif VARCHAR(100) BY DESCRIPTOR, VARCHAR(100) BY DESCRIPTOR, VARCHAR(100) BY DESCRIPTOR RETURNS PARAMETER 3 ENTRY_POINT 'sNullIf' MODULE_NAME 'fbudf' Library: fbudf Added in: 1.0 (Win), 1.5 (Linux) Better alternative: Internal function COALESCE() *nvl Description: The four nvl functions – for integers, bigints, doubles and strings, respectively – are NULL replacers. They each return the first argument's value if it is not NULL. If the first argument is NULL, the value of the second argument is returned. Result type: Varies, see declarations. Syntax: invl (int1, int2) i64nvl (bigint1, bigint2) dnvl (double1, double2) snvl (string1, string2) As from Firebird 1.5, use of the internal function COALESCE is preferred. Declarations: Warning i64nvl and dnvl will return wrong and/or bizarre results if it is not absolutely clear to the engine that each argument is of the intended type (NUMERIC(18,0) or DOUBLE PRECISION). If in doubt, cast both arguments explicitly to the declared type (see declarations below). DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION invl INT BY DESCRIPTOR, INT BY DESCRIPTOR RETURNS INT BY DESCRIPTOR ENTRY_POINT 'idNvl' MODULE_NAME 'fbudf' DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION i64nvl NUMERIC(18,0) BY DESCRIPTOR, NUMERIC(18,0) BY DESCRIPTOR RETURNS NUMERIC(18,0) BY DESCRIPTOR ENTRY_POINT 'idNvl' MODULE_NAME 'fbudf' DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION dnvl DOUBLE PRECISION BY DESCRIPTOR, DOUBLE PRECISION BY DESCRIPTOR RETURNS DOUBLE PRECISION BY DESCRIPTOR ENTRY_POINT 'idNvl' MODULE_NAME 'fbudf' 183
External functions (UDFs) DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION snvl VARCHAR(100) BY DESCRIPTOR, VARCHAR(100) BY DESCRIPTOR, VARCHAR(100) BY DESCRIPTOR RETURNS PARAMETER 3 ENTRY_POINT 'sNvl' MODULE_NAME 'fbudf' Library: ib_udf Added in: IB Better alternative: Internal function PI() pi Description: Returns an approximation of the value of #. Result type: DOUBLE PRECISION Syntax: pi () Declaration: DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION pi RETURNS DOUBLE PRECISION BY VALUE ENTRY_POINT 'IB_UDF_pi' MODULE_NAME 'ib_udf' Library: ib_udf Changed in: 2.0 Better alternative: Internal function RAND() rand Description: Returns a pseudo-random number. Before Firebird 2.0, this function would first seed the random number generator with the current time in seconds. Multiple rand() calls within the same second would therefore return the same value. If you want that old behaviour in Firebird 2 and up, use srand(). Result type: DOUBLE PRECISION Syntax: rand () Declaration: DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION rand RETURNS DOUBLE PRECISION BY VALUE ENTRY_POINT 'IB_UDF_rand' MODULE_NAME 'ib_udf' 184
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Firebird 2.1 Language Reference Upd
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Table of Contents 1. Introduction .
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Firebird 2.1 Language Ref. Update F
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Firebird 2.1 Language Ref. Update A
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Firebird 2.1 Language Ref. Update s
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Chapter 1 Introduction Subject matt
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Chapter 2 Reserved words and keywor
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LOCK LOG LOG10 LPAD MATCHED MATCHIN
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Chapter 3 Available in: DSQL, PSQL
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Example: select name, age, case upp
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Data types and subtypes • Partial
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Added in: 1.0, 1.5, 1.5.1, 2.0, 2.1
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Chapter 5 DDL statements The statem
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With a special attribute (case-sens
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DIFFERENCE FILE parameter Added in:
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CREATE DOMAIN Available in: DSQL, E
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Example: DDL statements create exce
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Syntax: Example: ALTER EXTERNAL FUN
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DDL statements -- the following que
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DDL statements PROCEDURE A stored p
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DDL statements Description: Firebir
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DDL statements NOT NULL in variable
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CREATE GENERATOR Available in: DSQL
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Better alternative: DROP SEQUENCE D
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) DDL statements lastname varchar(2
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USING INDEX subclause Available in:
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ALTER COLUMN: SET DEFAULT Available
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UNIQUE constraints now allow NULLs
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Example: DDL statements create trig
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Multi-action triggers Added in: 1.5
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NOT NULL in variable declarations C
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DDL statements Restriction on recre
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DDL statements got a chance to put
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ORDER BY Available in: DSQL, PSQL A
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DML statements ROWS can also be use
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DML statements COLLATE in variable
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The same call in ESQL (with obligat
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DML statements Description: A SELEC
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DML statements Aggregate functions
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Syntax: Example: Notes: ::= DML
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DML statements select d.dept_no, d.
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DML statements FIRST and SKIP are b
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DML statements select strlen(lastna
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DML statements Description: A natur
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DML statements • Only non-negativ
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Example: DML statements plan (MyTab
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UNIONs in subqueries Changed in: 2.
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Restrictions DML statements • The
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DML statements Description: Limits
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Chapter 7 Available in: DSQL Added
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Transaction control statements If t
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Transaction control statements •
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Chapter 8 PSQL statements PSQL - Pr
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PSQL statements • If sql_datatype
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Warning PSQL statements If you chan
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PSQL statements exception ex_bad_ty
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PSQL statements as declare variable
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Examples: PSQL statements thoroughl
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leave; end end c = 0; PSQL statemen
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Changed in: 2.0 Context variables D
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Context variables its execution was
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Context variables Description: OLD
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Chapter 10 Changed in: 2.0 Operator
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UNION as subselect Changed in: 2.0
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Chapter 11 Aggregate functions Aggr
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• If the argument is NULL, NULL i
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Result type: INTEGER or BIGINT Synt
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Result type: INTEGER Syntax: BIT_LE
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Internal functions This gives you c
Page 144 and 145: Available in: DSQL, PSQL Added in:
Page 148 and 149: Example: The equivalent CASE constr
Page 150 and 151: WEEK Bug alert Internal functions M
Page 152 and 153: Added in: 2.1 Internal functions De
Page 154 and 155: Internal functions • If x is nega
Page 156 and 157: Examples: Internal functions lpad (
Page 158 and 159: Internal functions This will return
Page 160 and 161: Internal functions overlay ('Goodby
Page 164 and 165: Internal functions Description: Cre
Page 166 and 167: Internal functions reverse ('Was it
Page 168 and 169: Added in: 2.1 Internal functions De
Page 170 and 171: Syntax: SINH (number) Important Int
Page 174 and 175: Notes: Internal functions • If th
Page 176 and 177: Description: Returns the arc cosine
Page 178 and 179: Declaration: External functions (UD
Page 180 and 181: Library: ib_udf Changed in: 1.0, 2.
Page 182 and 183: Better alternative: Internal functi
Page 184 and 185: External functions (UDFs) Descripti
Page 186 and 187: Syntax: cot (angle) Declaration: Ex
Page 188 and 189: Declaration: External functions (UD
Page 190 and 191: Library: ib_udf Added in: IB Change
Page 192 and 193: Changed in: 1.5, 1.5.2, 2.0 Better
Page 196 and 197: See sright. Library: fbudf Added in
Page 198 and 199: Notes: External functions (UDFs) Fo
Page 200 and 201: Syntax: sign (number) Declaration:
Page 202 and 203: Library: fbudf Added in: 1.0 (Win),
Page 204 and 205: Notes: External functions (UDFs) th
Page 206 and 207: Better alternative: Internal functi
Page 208 and 209: Appendix A: Notes Character set NON
Page 210 and 211: Table A.1. How TPB settings affect
Page 212 and 213: Notes A note on CSTRING parameters
Page 214 and 215: Notes Maximum number of indices in
Page 216 and 217: Document History DDL statements ::
Page 218 and 219: Document History Internal functions
Page 220: Appendix C: License notice The cont
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Firebird 2.1 Language Reference Update

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