Vaporization of JP-8 Jet Fuel in a Simulated Aircraft Fuel Tank ...

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6.3 Fuel tank temperatures and ambient pressure for a flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude 51 6.4 Calculated temporal mass transport occurring within the fuel tank for a flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude 51 6.5 Temporal change in FAR for a heated fuel tank at sea level with constant ambient temperature and lower flammability range [26] 55 6.6 Temporal change in calculated Le Chatelier’s ratio calculated for two fuels with flashpoints of 115°F and 120°F for a heated fuel tank at sea level and Le Chatelier’s flammability limit [27] 55 6.7 Liquid temperature effects on mixture flammability using the FAR rule [26]; heated tank at sea level with constant ambient temperature and pressure 56 6.8 Liquid temperature effects on mixture flammability using Le Chatelier’s flammability rule [27]; heated tank at sea level with constant ambient temperature and pressure 56 6.9 Mass loading effects on mixture flammability using the FAR rule [26]; heated tank at sea level with constant ambient temperature and pressure 57 6.10 Mass loading effects on mixture flammability using Le Chatelier’s flammability rule [27]; heated tank at sea level with constant ambient temperature and pressure 57 6.11 Temporal change in FAR for a flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude and range of the lower flammability limit [26] 60 6.12 Calculated Le Chatelier’s ratio for a flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude and Le Chatelier’s flammability limit [27] 60 6.13 Liquid fuel temperature effects on flammability using the FAR rule [26]; flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude 61 6.14 Liquid fuel temperature effects on flammability using Le Chatelier’s flammability rule [27]; flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude 61 6.15 Mass loading effects on flammability using the FAR rule [26]; flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude 62 6.16 Mass loading effects on flammability using Le Chatelier’s flammability rule [27]; flight profile test up to 30,000’ altitude 62 xii
LIST OF TABLES Table Page 2.1 Comparison of Aviation Turbine Fuel Properties 8 4.1 Test Matrix 28 xiii
Page 1 and 2: DOT/FAA/AR-TT09/42 Air Traffic Orga
Page 3 and 4: 1. Report No. DOT/FAA/AR-TT09/42 4.
Page 5 and 6: ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS VAPORIZATION
Page 7 and 8: DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated
Page 9 and 10: 5.0 RESULTS 32 5.1 Validation Tests
Page 11: 5.7 JP-8 fuel vaporization at sea l
Page 15 and 16: develop procedures to lessen the li
Page 17 and 18: When it was determined that a CWT e
Page 19 and 20: 1.3 Objectives of the Thesis The ul
Page 21 and 22: has more additives, such as an anti
Page 23 and 24: equilibrium is dynamic in nature, b
Page 25 and 26: factor in making these calculations
Page 27 and 28: Volume Fraction, % 30 25 20 15 10 5
Page 29 and 30: 0.035±0.004 at 0°C [26]. The publ
Page 31 and 32: Raleigh numbers which were of order
Page 33 and 34: loading of fuel and be subjected to
Page 35 and 36: pressures. The heaters in the pump
Page 37 and 38: Figure 3.1. View of top surface of
Page 39 and 40: the tank and the ullage vapor conce
Page 41 and 42: attempted, but provided inaccurate
Page 43 and 44: pump that could draw samples from a
Page 45 and 46: 5.0 RESULTS When inputting the expe
Page 47 and 48: etween measured and predicted value
Page 49 and 50: 5.1.2 Isooctane Fuel Vaporization T
Page 51 and 52: higher altitudes, as continuous sam
Page 53 and 54: Temperature, Deg. F. 140 120 100 80
Page 55 and 56: Temperature, Deg. F. 70 60 50 40 30
Page 57 and 58: % Propane Equivalent 2 1.5 1 0.5 0
Page 59 and 60: % Propane Equivalent 3 2.5 2 1.5 1
Page 61 and 62: liquid fuel the mass of fuel evapor
Page 63 and 64:
In the beginning of the test, the l
Page 65 and 66:
6.2 Flammability Assessment 6.2.1 F
Page 67 and 68:
average measured liquid temperature
Page 69 and 70:
Fuel to Air Mass Ratio 0.05 0.045 0
Page 71 and 72:
6.2.2 Fuel Tank Under Varying Ambie
Page 73 and 74:
Fuel to Air Mass Ratio 0.045 0.04 0
Page 75 and 76:
Fuel to Air Mass Ratio 0.05 0.04 0.
Page 77 and 78:
temperature measurements would be r
Page 79 and 80:
Which is appropriate for Raleigh nu
Page 81 and 82:
d dt ( mg c pgTg ) = hb Ab ( Tb −
Page 83 and 84:
APPENDIX C: EXPERIMENTAL FUEL FLASH
Page 85 and 86:
13. Fuel Flammability Task Group, A
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Vaporization of JP-8 Jet Fuel in a Simulated Aircraft Fuel Tank ...

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