Untitled - California State University, Long Beach
Untitled - California State University, Long Beach
Untitled - California State University, Long Beach
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questionably nonhuman” (Shostak 34).<br />
By fixating just on the breast that he’s become, Kepesh is now no<br />
longer human. Yet, unlike the monsters depicted in the Old English The<br />
Wonders of the East, he acquires the one characteristic that it omits –<br />
he becomes a starkly feminine symbol of nourishment and humanity.<br />
The significance of this metamorphosis is perhaps understood best if we<br />
consider how this text would be translated back to Old English. How<br />
easy would the conversion of the conveniently “ungendered” words that<br />
Kepesh uses be? Considering that possessive nouns in Old English are<br />
gender-specific, and the male protagonist turns into a female anatomical<br />
part, what gender would every instance of his new “my” now take<br />
following this transformation?<br />
_________________________<br />
Works Cited<br />
Baker, Peter S. Introduction to Old English. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub, 2003. Print.<br />
Balce, Nerissa. “The Filipina’s Breast: Savagery, Docility, and the Erotics of the American<br />
Empire.” Social Text. 24.2 (2006): 89-110. JSTOR. Web. 15 May 2011.<br />
Horner, Shari. “The Violence of Exegesis: Reading the Bodies of Ælfric’s Female Saints.”<br />
Violence Against Women in Medieval Texts. Ed. Anna Kłosowska. Gainesville: UP of<br />
Florida, 1998. Print.<br />
Hunt, Nancy R. “’Le Bébé En Brousse’: European Women, African Birth Spacing, and<br />
Colonial Intervention in Breast Feeding in the Belgian Congo.” Tensions of Empire<br />
: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World. Ed. Frederick Cooper, Ann Laura Stoler.<br />
Berkeley: U of <strong>California</strong> P, 1997. 287-321. Print.<br />
Keller, Catherine. “The Breast, the Apocalypse, and the Colonial Journey.” Journal of<br />
Feminist Studies in Religion. 10 (1994): 53-72. JSTOR. Web. 15 May 2011.<br />
McGlynn, Sean. “Violence and the Law in Medieval England.” History Today. 58.4<br />
(2008): 53-59. ProQuest. Web. 15 May 2011.<br />
Oswald, Dana. Monsters, Gender and Sexuality in Medieval English Literature. Woodbridge,<br />
Suffolk, UK: D.S. Brewer, 2010. Print.<br />
Sale, Kirkpatrick. The Conquest of Paradise: Christopher Columbus and the Columbian<br />
Legacy. New York: Plume, 1991. Print.<br />
Shostak, Debra. “Return to the Breast: The Body, the Masculine Subject, and Philip<br />
Roth.” Twentieth Century Literature, 45.3 (1999): 317. ProQuest. Web. 15 May<br />
2011.<br />
Skeat, Walter W. Ælfric’s Lives of Saints: Part 1. S.l.: Kessinger Publishing, 2004. Print.<br />
Zvelebil, Kamil. Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature. Leiden: Brill, 1992.<br />
Print.<br />
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