Adverbial Morphemes in Tactile ASL - Gallaudet University
Adverbial Morphemes in Tactile ASL - Gallaudet University
Adverbial Morphemes in Tactile ASL - Gallaudet University
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PDE – Steven D. Coll<strong>in</strong>s<br />
Intellectual Context and Literature Review<br />
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________<br />
<br />
<br />
Transformation of non-manual grammatical elements<br />
Effectiveness (how fast and accurate) – and where it fails<br />
All of the researchers discussed <strong>in</strong> this PDE express the need for further research <strong>in</strong><br />
tactile sign language, and on deaf-bl<strong>in</strong>d communications <strong>in</strong> general. The rest of this paper will<br />
focus on adverbial morphemes <strong>in</strong> the U. S. Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d community. At this po<strong>in</strong>t, this researcher<br />
knows of no other research on this same topic. However, European researchers might be<br />
research<strong>in</strong>g this same topic.<br />
The present study exam<strong>in</strong>es the l<strong>in</strong>guistic properties and variation found <strong>in</strong> <strong>Tactile</strong><br />
American Sign Language, a variety of American Sign Language used <strong>in</strong> the Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d<br />
community. This project is a cont<strong>in</strong>uation of the pilot study done by Coll<strong>in</strong>s and Petronio<br />
(1998). The 1998 study exam<strong>in</strong>ed target features <strong>in</strong> a limited corpus of <strong>Tactile</strong> <strong>ASL</strong> data and<br />
found examples of variation on phonological, lexical, syntactic and discourse levels. The current<br />
study does an <strong>in</strong>-depth look at how non-manual adverbials are conveyed tactually, us<strong>in</strong>g a case<br />
study methodology.<br />
2.4. Introduction of the Term<strong>in</strong>ology<br />
2.4.1. Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d<br />
Prior to def<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g relevant term<strong>in</strong>ology <strong>in</strong> this paper, two words must first be discussed:<br />
the terms “d/Deaf” and “b/Bl<strong>in</strong>d”. Naturally, these terms refer to a person who is both deaf and<br />
bl<strong>in</strong>d to certa<strong>in</strong> degrees. Yet, the def<strong>in</strong>ition of these two terms necessarily <strong>in</strong>cludes factors such<br />
as a Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d <strong>in</strong>dividual’s background, medical history and upbr<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
Medical professionals such as ophthalmologists may view the “Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d” from the<br />
medical perspective – an <strong>in</strong>dividual with both vision and hear<strong>in</strong>g losses. In some cases, some<br />
vision and hear<strong>in</strong>g difficulties can be corrected with aids, glasses or even surgery. In other cases,<br />
the damage is <strong>in</strong>evitable and so far, there is no way to reverse the effects of genetic traits or alter<br />
much of the physiology of vision and hear<strong>in</strong>g loss.<br />
Members of the Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d community view the label “Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d” from a cultural<br />
perspective. The Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d community is composed of a rich range of sight/bl<strong>in</strong>dness giv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the Deaf-Bl<strong>in</strong>d community its character and personality (Brennan 1997).<br />
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