Forest Condition in Europe - ICP Forests

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1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 32 Forest Condition in Europe 2013 The spatial pattern of the changes in mean defoliation from 2010 to 2012 across Europe is shown in Annex I-4. On 77.9% of the plots between 2010 and 2012 no statistically significant differences in mean plot defoliation were detected. The share of plots with increasing defoliation was 10.7%, the share of plots with a decrease 11.4%. 3.1.3.1. All species For all species, the two time series show very similar trends for mean defoliation due to the fact that the countries included in the short time series were also included in the evaluation of the long time series (Fig. 3.1.3.1-1 and Fig. 3.1.3.1-2). For evergreen oak and Mediterranean lowland pines there was hardly any difference in sample sizes on which evaluations of the different time series were based. The largest differences occurred for Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies the sample sizes for the long time series being 70% smaller than that of the shorter time series. 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 Common beech Deciduous temperate oak Deciduous (sub-) mediterranean oak Evergreen oak Scots pine Norway spruce Figure 3.1.3.1-1: Mean defoliation of main species 1992-2012
Forest Condition in Europe 2013 33 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 Common beech Deciduous temperate oak Deciduous (sub-) mediterranean oak Evergreen oak Scots pine Norway spruce Mediterranean lowland pines 0.0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Figure 3.1.3.1-2: Mean defoliation of main species 1997-2012 Since 1992 mean defoliation of the evaluated tree species developed very differently. With the exception of Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris, all tree species showed a sharp increase in mean defoliation in the first years of the study. Mean defoliation of Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica and the deciduous temperate oaks reached largest values after the extremely dry and warm summer in 2003. In all samples studied, deciduous temperate oaks and deciduous (sub-) Mediterranean oaks exhibited the highest mean defoliation over the last decade. In contrast, Pinus sylvestris clearly showed the lowest mean defoliation from all evaluated species. Trends in mean plot defoliation for all tree species for the period 2002-2012 are mapped in Fig. 3.1.3.1-3. The percentage of plots with clearly increasing defoliation (13.6%) exceeds the share of plots with decreasing defoliation (12.4%). Plots showing deterioration are scattered across Europe, but their share is particularly high in southern France, at the eastern edge of the Pyrenean Mountains, in the Czech Republic, and in north eastern Italy.
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Forest Condition in Europe - ICP Forests

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