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332 Direct-Coupled Filters<br />

3<br />

•<br />

2<br />

,.§<br />

E<br />

,g<br />

c<br />

."<br />

0<br />

.•><br />

•~<br />

~<br />

~<br />

-1<br />

-2<br />

~<br />

•<br />

:£<br />

J:<br />

-4<br />

Figure 8.31.<br />

Typical undercoupled deviation from linear phase.<br />

Using a least-squares fitted line as a phase reference, a frequency analysis<br />

provided the typical deviation from linear phase shown in Figure 8.31. The<br />

gentle rate <strong>of</strong> change <strong>of</strong> the undercoupled response (Figure 8.26) is directly<br />

related to good phase linearity. Its moderate selectivity has been supplemented<br />

in the upper stop band, at the expense <strong>of</strong> the lower stopband in this case,<br />

without seriously disturbing the passband.<br />

The maximum sensitivity <strong>of</strong> input impedance with respect to capacitance<br />

occurs at node 3 with C m ; according to (G.85), it is ±j7.216.<br />

8.6.13. <strong>Design</strong> Adjustment. The exact analysis in the preceding section also<br />

confirmed the phase angles between nodes at the midband frequency (f o = 100<br />

MHz). As in (G.87) and Figure 8.2, angle 0Gl was 30.6 degrees, and the other<br />

node voltage angles differed by the expected 90 degrees, according to the<br />

prototype network (Figure 8.1).<br />

Problems<br />

8.1. Use ABCD parameters to prove that Zin=ZVZL for an ideal inverter.<br />

8.2. Consider the following network:<br />

lin<br />

I<br />

I<br />

z<br />

+ +<br />

-z -z Iz,<br />

\lin<br />

V,<br />

I I I<br />

I<br />

II,<br />

I<br />

I

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