01 Meditation Panel Preface.indd - United Nations Day of Vesak 2013

Conference
The more moral empowerment that happens, the better is the result that potentiates
the strength of hiri as well as ottappa. It is the correction of the mistakes that took place in the 2 nd
set of caraa, once moral empowerment of hiri has happened, it strengthens ottappa to endure
more pressure than before. Therefore, if the same level of pressure that has previously cause
the mistake, it cannot repeat. This is the pattern that is going to be used for the explanation in the 3 rd
set of caraa in 2.3.1 as will be shown below.
2.3 The management of the ve impediments by following caraa #8-11 (the 3 rd set of caraa)
The understand and signicance of the ve impediments:
The ve impediments (nivaraa) belong to a set of ve kinds of kilesa of middle level which
obstruct the mind from enlightenment, namely: sensual pleasure (kmachanda), ill-will (vypda),
torpidity of the mind (thnamiddha), worry-and-urry (uddhacca-kukkucca), and doubt (vicikicch).
The ve impediments are 1 of the 3 levels of kilesa of the body. They are rened enough that
could hardly be detected as they are not clearly expressed by the body. They appear as symptoms
within the body. Therefore, in order to understand them, the level of paññ needs to be elevated to
the 1 st and 2 nd sets of caraa. The ve impediments therefore has a great role because they obstruct
the path to reach jhna, whether one can reach jhna or not, depends on his/her ablity to break
the barriers of the ve impediments.
The rened and sophisticated nature of the ve impediments complicated their management.
The treatment needs to be separated into another topic as follows:
In the level of learnedness (bhusacca) for abandonment of corruption in the 2 nd set
of caraa, the level of paññ is elevated to the “AWAKENING” paññ of jagriynuyoga in
the 1 st set of caraa because it enables one to come out of the kilesa in body-base.
The moral empowerment of learnedness (bhusacca) in the 3 rd set of caraa is the origin of
paññ to discriminate the differences between kma-rga in the 2 nd set of caraa and kmachanda
in the 3 rd set of caraa.
The level of learnedness (bhusacca) of moral empowerment enables one to understand
and apprehend kmachanda. This paves way for caraa #9 or energy (viriya) to work in
the management of kma-rga (sensual desire) and vypda (ill-will).
Therefore in case of hiri in caraa, hiri is confronted with kmachanda and paralized
by it. The mechanism of hiri then fails to function because it cannot understand and apprehend
kmachanda. It has to wait until the 3 rd set of caraa starts to function. Then, it is able to draw
the 2 nd set of caraa to continue the work and when the management of kmachanda and vypda
is complete. The person is then qualied to understand thnamiddha and uddhacca, because these
ve impediments are mental symptoms of ve diffent kinds, but are related to one another.
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