Strona 2_redak - Instytut Agrofizyki im. Bohdana DobrzaÅskiego ...

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112 16. APPENDIX – Physical Properties of Grain and Food Powders 16.1. Basic charactristics Table 16.1. Mean values of grain d<strong>im</strong>ensions, the mass of 1000 grains and the specific gravity Material Wheat Begra Rye Amilo Barley Rudnik Corn Mieszko Oats Borowiak Triticale Fidelio Moisture content (%) Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) Mass of 1000 seeds (g) Specific gravity (kN m -3 ) 10 6.7 3.2 2.9 40.5 13.8 10 7.3 2.3 2.2 20.5 12.3 10 8.4 3.6 2.8 45.2 13.2 10 9.4 8.2 5.1 295 13.7 10 11.5 3.1 2.6 35.6 13.7 10 7.2 2.9 2.6 29.4 13.5 Table 16.2. Mean values of seeds d<strong>im</strong>ensions, the mass of 1000 seeds and the specific gravity Material Rape seeds Licosmos Amaranth Rawa White mustard Borowska Pea Piast Buckwheat Kora Lentils Tina Soybean Aldana Moisture content (%) Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm) Mass of 1000 seeds (g) Specific gravity (kN m -3 ) 6 1.8 1.7 1.7 3.5 11.1 8 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.76 14.8 9 2.5 2.3 2.3 8.6 12.3 10 7.9 7.2 6.7 300 14.3 10 6.1 3.6 3.5 29.3 14.5 8 5.6 2.3 2.3 49.8 14.8 8 8.2 6.6 5.6 185 13.0
113 &RDUVHIORXU 6HPROLQD :KHDWJURDWV 3HDUOEDUOH\JURDWV 2DWPHDO ,FLQJVXJDU 7DEOHVXJDU 3RWDWRVWDUFK 3RZGHUPLON 7DEOHVDOW &RUQPHDO 6R\EHDQPHDO OQ5 Fig. 16.1. Size distributions of food powders [67] *UDLQGLDPHWHUGPP The Rosin-Ramler-Sperling-Bennet (DIN 66145 [42]) equation was used to describe the particle size distribution: n R = exp( −( d / d*) ), (16.1) where: R – distribution function, d – particle diameter, d* – mean particle diameter, n – coefficient of nonuniformity. Table 16.3. Parameters of the RRSB equation (16.1) describing size distribution of food powders Material Coarse flour Semolina Wheat groats Pearl barley groats Oat meal Icing sugar Table sugar Potato starch Powder milk Table salt Corn meal Soybean meal Moisture content (%) 13.4 12.7 13.6 13.2 11.0 0.4 0.4 18.2 4.4 0.2 11.7 8.5 Mean particle diameter d* (mm) 0.147 0.176 0.683 2.849 4.499 0.061 1.070 0.033 1.252 0.553 1.050 1.827 Coefficient of uniformity n 1.673 1.332 0.480 3.807 1.577 1.171 3.348 2.737 1.276 4.132 1.391 1.688 Pearson’s coefficient of correlation (%) 98.8 98.0 94.0 98.0 99.7 99.9 98.7 99.8 98.1 96.9 99.1 99.3
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EC Centre of Excellence AGROPHYSICS
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4 9.3. Factors influencing the coef
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6 BASIC NOTATION c - cohesion [kPa]
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8 Numerous granular materials when
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10 the tensor of plastic strain inc
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12 Fig. 2.1. Yield curves with comp
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14 Stable or unstable behaviour of
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16 In turn, the model of Lade, also
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18 same porosity need not have iden
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20 where: A = ∫ E( β) sin βdβ
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22 (β = 0 o ), positioning the out
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24 grain was poured into the mould
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26 axes of the ellipse characterizi
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28 [176] for the determination of p
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30 A different approach to the desc
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32 where: I - moment of inertia, k
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34 a) b) f s f s m M f n f n Contac
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36 The micropolar model yields resu
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38 Fig. 3.17. Model of shear band f
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40 In the case of agricultural mate
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42 5.2. Density of consolidated mat
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44 (cereal grain, sand, soil), the
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46 Multiple wetting and drying of g
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48 vertical pressure within the ran
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50 of the curve defined by A, where
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52 6. Vertical consolidation refere
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54 poured into the box without vibr
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56 7.2.2. Bulk density Stress-strai
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58 near the box wall and lifted alo
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60 and the upper boundary was 18.5
Page 62 and 63: 62 A -1 5 -1 0 -5 1 0 5 -5 5 1 0 1
Page 64 and 65: 64 Fig. 8.2. Yield locus and effect
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Page 68 and 69: 68 a) b) µ = tg ϕw ϕ w c) d) e)
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Page 72 and 73: 72 galvanized steel received from d
Page 74 and 75: 74 9.3.4. Velocity of sliding Becau
Page 76 and 77: 76 1+ sinϕ k = . 1 − sinϕ (10.3
Page 78 and 79: 78 N ϕ VLQϕ 3UHVVXUHUDWLRN
Page 80 and 81: 80 10.4.1. Friction force mobilizat
Page 82 and 83: 82 10.4.3. Moisture content With in
Page 84 and 85: 84 Table 10.1. Measured (k s ) and
Page 86 and 87: 86 conventional engineering analyse
Page 88 and 89: 88 a, b - product-dependent coeffic
Page 90 and 91: 90 also be performed as a function
Page 92 and 93: 92 reliable processing and stable v
Page 94 and 95: 94 unconfined yield strength to pow
Page 96 and 97: 96 The Chute Index (CI) is recommen
Page 98 and 99: 98 obtained the maximum deviation o
Page 100 and 101: 100 efficient flow control using op
Page 102 and 103: 102 In the field of experimental in
Page 104 and 105: 104 22. Britton M.G., Moysey E.B.:
Page 106 and 107: 106 69. Horabik J., Rusinek R.: Pre
Page 108 and 109: 108 114. Morland L.W., Sawicki A.,
Page 110 and 111: 110 158. 6WSQLHZVNL$ Influence of m
Page 114 and 115: 114 16.2. Density and porosity Tabl
Page 116 and 117: 116 Table 16.7. Mean values (±St.
Page 126 and 127: 126 Table 16.16. Cont. 1 2 3 4 Icin
Page 136 and 137: 136 Table 16.25. Cont. 1 2 3 4 Icin
Page 140 and 141: 140 Table 16.29. Cont. Table sugar
Page 144 and 145: 144 Table 16.35. Mean values (± St
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