Part III: Flare Reduction Project Family - IPIECA

Section 7. Flare Reduction Project Family
Stage in Gas
Chain
Gas Processing,
Storage,
Transport, and
Distribution,
continued
End-Use
Table 7-4. Summary of Potential GHG Emission Sources, continued
Emission Source
Fugitive emissions from gas
handling equipment
associated with gas
processing, intermediate
storage, and transport
Process emissions from gas
handling operations,
intermediate storage,
maintenance or emergency
releases of gas associated with
gas processing and transport
Fugitive emissions
Loading/unloading of LNG or
LPG
Mobile source energy
consumption
Emission
Type*
Controlled,
Related or
Affected
GHG Species
Fugitive Controlled CH 4 ; potentially some CO 2
Vented Controlled CH 4 ; potentially CO 2
Fugitive Controlled CH 4
Combustion Controlled Primarily CO 2 ; CH 4 and
N 2 O to lesser degree
Purchased electricity Indirect Related Primarily CO 2 ; CH 4 and
Combustion emissions
associated with re-injection of
the gas for disposal or for
enhanced oil recovery
Combustion emissions
associated with end-use of
associated gas
Fugitive emissions from gas
handling equipment associated
with end use operations
Process emissions from gas
handling equipment associated
N 2 O to lesser degree
Combustion Controlled Primarily CO 2 ; CH 4 and
N 2 O to lesser degree
Combustion
Fugitive
Vented
Potentially
Related or
Affected
Potentially
Related or
Affected
Potentially
Related or
Affected
Primarily CO 2 ; CH 4 and
N 2 O to lesser degree
CH 4 ; potentially some CO 2
CH 4 ; potentially CO 2
with end use operations
* Indirect emissions are “Related” emission sources. All others may be “Controlled” or “Related” depending on which sources
the project proponent controls.
The assessment boundary may include combustion, venting, and fugitive emissions associated
with oil and gas extraction, as well as capture and processing of the previously flared or vented
gas. Emissions from transport and distribution infrastructure facilities that are part of the project
investment would also be included in the assessment boundary, e.g., compression of recovered
gas transported via pipeline to receiving facilities or points of sale, fugitive emissions from
pipeline components, and venting of pipelines during maintenance activities.
A few projects that use previously flared gas as a feedstock for production of chemicals have
been successfully registered under the CDM program. However, emissions related to the
combustion of recovered natural gas at off-site locations generally have not been included within
the project boundary for crediting purposes (for example, see CDM Approved Methodology
0009). Although conceptually it should be possible to include emissions associated with
combustion of recovered gas from a flare reduction project for electric power generation, no
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