Hawai'i Fisheries Initiative - The Hawaii Institute for Public Affairs

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Introduction and Background Purpose of Report The Hawai‘i Fisheries Initiative is a statewide examination of Hawai‘i’s fisheries and seafood industry. The report explores the wide and varied aspects of the fisheries industry, including its economic impact on Hawai‘i; workforce status; import and export characteristics; seafood processing, marketing, and quality control; and conservation and marine resource management. The study also evaluates the cultural and historic aspects of fishing; as well as the legal, policy, and regulatory framework governing our oceans and fisheries. This study was prepared with grant funding from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Economic Development Administration. Data Sources & Methodology Research was conducted utilizing the widest range of authoritative and verifiable state, federal, and international resources in order to portray the most comprehensive picture of the social, political, legal, economic, and environmental factors that have and will affect the fisheries of the Hawaiian Islands and the international waters nearby. Specifically, this report relies heavily on regularly reported and project-based data sourced from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), NMFS Pacific Islands Regional Office, NMFS Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Photo courtesy Aquaculture Development Program 7
Western Pacific Fisheries Management Council, and the State of Hawai‘i Department of Land and Natural Resources/ Division of Aquatic Resources. In addition, non-governmental organizations – such as the Pew Charitable Trusts and the publicprivate national partnership of the Joint Oceans Commission and Hawai‘i-based organizations, officials, and individuals – provided important pieces to an accurate portrayal of the history, current status, and future of Hawai‘i’s fisheries and fishing industry. Caveat About the Data What results is a comprehensive study, but given the often scattershot nature of the data – fisheries being regulated and managed by international, federal, and state agencies with the intrinsic overlap or varying methods of data collection, reporting, and accuracy – gaps and questions still remain. Of particular significance was the lack of current data available about Hawai‘i’s fisheries industry. Many data sets and reports we referenced were over a decade old, but were the only information available to us. Better Coordination and Updated Data Collection Recommended The purpose of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of Hawai‘i’s fisheries industry. Initially, it was not intended that this report provide any recommendations about the overall direction of the industry per se. However, it became imperative for us to note the lack of current and comprehensive information to decision-makers, policymakers, and the general public about one of the most important industries in our state – fisheries. Better coordination by federal and state agencies involved in fisheries management is a theme not just of this report, but within those federal and state agencies themselves. Targeted research, data quality, public and industry education, and enforcement of existing and new laws and regulations are necessary calls to action with the central goal of all the efforts being sustainable fisheries for Hawai‘i’s future. With accurate and credible data and information, adequate planning, evaluation, and management of Hawai‘i’s fisheries and ocean resources can be better achieved. In addition, as with any natural resource, fisheries are in flux, affected by a multitude of factors, some of which include land-based development and its resulting environmental impacts, the world pressures of ocean resource depletion, market supply and demand, and many more discussed throughout this report. 8
Page 1 and 2: Hawai‘i Fisheries Initiative A Co
Page 3 and 4: Examples of Hawai‘i Fish Aku Bige
Page 5 and 6: fishers, who defray costs by sellin
Page 7: A Snapshot of Hawai‘i’s Seafood
Page 11 and 12: National and Statewide Economic Imp
Page 13 and 14: Economics of Hawai‘i’s Commerci
Page 15 and 16: Imports and Value Added NWHI Bottom
Page 17 and 18: Seafood Exports NOAA Fisheries repo
Page 19 and 20: Regional Trends, Wholesale Markets,
Page 21 and 22: due to the freshness of the fish wh
Page 23 and 24: Consumers of recreational and subsi
Page 25 and 26: One of the program’s goals is to
Page 27 and 28: With expected increases in populati
Page 29 and 30: Hawai‘i’s Aquaculture Potential
Page 31 and 32: The flat growth of the information
Page 33 and 34: Leasing Hawai‘i’s Waters: Legal
Page 35 and 36: Christopher Mann, a senior officer
Page 37 and 38: Recreational Fishing in Hawai‘i R
Page 39 and 40: Hawai‘i Marine Recreational Fishi
Page 41 and 42: Fishing Tournaments and Clubs Appro
Page 43 and 44: Fisheries Management and Enforcemen
Page 45 and 46: A comprehensive ecosystem-based fis
Page 47 and 48: State of Hawai‘i Fisheries Progra
Page 49 and 50: In its eighth year, 2,164 volunteer
Page 51 and 52: Stock Assessment and Catch Data Und
Page 53 and 54: 2006 State Fishing Licenses and Per
Page 55 and 56: Violations of marine-related laws c
Page 57 and 58: or Olive Ridley sea turtles have be
Page 59 and 60:
History and Status of Hawai‘i’s
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2006 Commercial Landings by Species
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wholesalers began offering Hawaiian
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that mortality levels will be susta
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Troll and Handline Pelagic Fisherie
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(a baited bottom camera) and Electr
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History and Status of Lobster and S
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Governing the Oceans In general, st
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In 1958, the Geneva Conventions on
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Authority within a Nation’s Exclu
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U.S. Ocean Policy, Regulatory Frame
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u The Oceans Act of 2000 382 establ
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development, analyzing climate chan
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u Sport Fish Restoration and Manage
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u Marine Debris Research, Preventio
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Governance refers to the entire pro
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Hawaiian Ocean Policy and Regulator
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DLNR/State Historic Preservation Di
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nongovernmental organizations, and
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can give formal testimony. If neces
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Native Hawaiian Fisheries Managemen
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And, adjacent to the Hualalai Resor
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Native Hawaiian Rights Asserted via
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Traditional and Customary Rights wi
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Wespac reports increased community
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About the Hawaii Institute for Publ
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21 U.S. Department of the Interior,
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79 Hawai‘i International Seafood,
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155 Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conser
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235 Id. 236 d. 237 Id. 238 Id. 239
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318 Councilmember comments at the M
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394 16 U.S.C. 1852 § 302, at http:
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479 http://www.Hawaii.gov/dlnr/dar/
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Waters: Native Hawaiians have an in
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