Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual

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■ Consider using writeback cache The table below shows the benefits of writeback cache. OSTs External Journal Writeback Cache Write Performance 1 no no 45.93 MB/sec 1 yes (1 drive) no 117.55 MB/sec 1 yes (2 drives) no 130.52 MB/sec 6 no no 246.15 MB/sec 6 no yes 330.98 MB/sec 6 yes (1 drive) no 239.83 MB/sec 6 yes (2 drives) no 414.94 MB/sec Caution – Writeback cache is dangerous from a data integrity point of view. You should carefully consider whether the benefits of using writeback cache outweigh the risks. 10-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual • September 2008
10.2.1 Sample Graphs The graphs in this section show RAID write and read performance. 10.2.1.1 Graphs for Write Performance FIGURE 10-1 and FIGURE 10-2 show write performance. FIGURE 10-1 Write - RAID0, 64K chunks, 6 spindles Chapter 10 RAID 10-9
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Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual Sun M
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Please Recycle
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2. Understanding Lustre Networking
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6. Configuring Lustre - Examples 6-
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9. Configuring Quotas 9-1 9.1 Worki
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15. Backup and Restore 15-1 15.1 Lu
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20. LustreProc 20-1 20.1 /proc Entr
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22. Lustre Troubleshooting Tips 22-
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Part IV Lustre for Users 24. Free S
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29. Lustre Programming Interfaces (
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33. System Limits 33-1 33.1 Maximum
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Shell Prompts Shell C shell C shell
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xxiv Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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PART I Lustre Architecture Lustre i
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1.1 Lustre File System Lustre is a
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1.2.4 OSTs An OSTs provide back-end
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1.3 Files in the Lustre File System
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1.3.1 Lustre File System and Stripi
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1.3.3 Lustre System Capacity Lustre
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1.5 Lustre Networking In clusters w
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Note - Lustre does not provide redu
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Key features of LNET include: ■
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CHAPTER 3 Prerequisites This chapte
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3.2 Using a Pre-Packaged Lustre Rel
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Another option is to: 1. Install db
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3.3.4 Choosing a Proper Kernel I/O
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3.4 Memory Requirements This sectio
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CHAPTER 4 Lustre Installation This
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4.1.1 MountConf MountConf is shorth
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Note - For detailed information on
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Mounting Lustre on a client node $
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We are mounting by disk label here
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4.2.2.2 Mount with Inactive OSTs Mo
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Client mount for foo: mount -t lust
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$ mount -t lustre -L testfs-MDT0000
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$ cd /tmp/kernels/linux-2.6.9 $ rm
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Use standard RPM commands to instal
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4.3.2.2 Liblustre The Lustre librar
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4.4 Building a Lustre Source Tarbal
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CHAPTER 5 Configuring the Lustre Ne
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5.1.5 Determine Appropriate Mount P
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Note - Depending on the Linux distr
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live_router_check_interval, dead_ro
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5.2.3 Downed Routers There are two
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5.3.2 Stopping LNET Before the LNET
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CHAPTER 6 Configuring Lustre - Exam
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6.1.2 Lustre with Separate MGS and
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How to Create a CSV File Five diffe
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Linux LVM LV (Logical Volume) The C
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The lustre_config.csv file looks li
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Example 1: Simple Lustre configurat
Page 107 and 108: CHAPTER 7 More Complicated Configur
Page 109 and 110: Because megan and oscar match the f
Page 111 and 112: 7.2 Elan to TCP Routing Servers meg
Page 113 and 114: 7.3.3 Start clients For the TCP cli
Page 115 and 116: CHAPTER 8 Failover This chapter des
Page 117 and 118: For proper resource fencing, the He
Page 119 and 120: 8.1.5 Roles of Nodes in a Failover
Page 121 and 122: 8.4.3 Hardware Requirements for Fai
Page 123 and 124: 8.5.1.1 Configuring Heartbeat This
Page 125 and 126: . Monitor the syslog on both nodes.
Page 127 and 128: To get the proper syntax, run: $ st
Page 129 and 130: 8.6 Using MMP The multiple mount pr
Page 131 and 132: 8.7.2 Configuring the Hardware Hear
Page 133 and 134: Use this procedure: 1. Create the b
Page 135 and 136: 8.7.3.2 Testing 1. Pull power from
Page 137 and 138: CHAPTER 9 Configuring Quotas This c
Page 139 and 140: To enable quotas automatically when
Page 141 and 142: The lfs command now includes these
Page 143 and 144: This sets a much smaller granularit
Page 145 and 146: The quota_bunit_sz parameter displa
Page 147 and 148: 9.1.5.2 Quota Limits Available quot
Page 149 and 150: Quota Event nowait_for_pending_blk_
Page 151 and 152: CHAPTER 10 RAID This chapter descri
Page 153 and 154: 10.1.3 Understanding Double Failure
Page 155 and 156: 10.2 Insights into Disk Performance
Page 157: OST Filesystem: RAID5 with 5 or 9 d
Page 161 and 162: 10.2.1.2 Graphs for Read Performanc
Page 163 and 164: 10.3 Creating an External Journal W
Page 165 and 166: CHAPTER 11 Kerberos This chapter de
Page 167 and 168: Note - The Heimdal implementation o
Page 169 and 170: General Installation Notes ■ ■
Page 171 and 172: . Install the keytab. Note - There
Page 173 and 174: # uppercase the hex nid=$(echo $nid
Page 175 and 176: 11.2.2 Types of Lustre-Kerberos Fla
Page 177 and 178: 11.2.2.3 Customized Flavor In most
Page 179 and 180: 11.2.2.6 Rules, Syntax and Examples
Page 181 and 182: CHAPTER 12 Bonding This chapter des
Page 183 and 184: # ethtool eth1 Settings for eth1: S
Page 185 and 186: 12.4 Bonding Module Parameters Bond
Page 187 and 188: The examples below are from RedHat
Page 189 and 190: 12.5.1 Examples This is an example
Page 191 and 192: 12.6 Configuring Lustre with Bondin
Page 193 and 194: CHAPTER 13 Upgrading Lustre The cha
Page 195 and 196: 13.2.2 Supported Upgrade Paths The
Page 197 and 198: [root@mds1]# tunefs.lustre --mgs --
Page 199 and 200: 13.2.5 Upgrading Multiple File Syst
Page 201 and 202: 13.3 Upgrading Lustre from 1.6.3 to
Page 203 and 204: 13.4 Downgrading Lustre from 1.6.4
Page 205 and 206: CHAPTER 14 Lustre SNMP Module The L
Page 207 and 208: 14.3 Using the Lustre SNMP Module O
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CHAPTER 15 Backup and Restore This
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15.1.3.1 Backing Up an MDS File To
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3. Mount the filesystem. ■ For 2.
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2. Format LVM volumes as Lustre tar
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15.3.4 Restoring From Old Snapshot
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CHAPTER 16 POSIX This chapter descr
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7. When the system displays this pr
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16.3 Isolating and Debugging Failur
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If this single test is causing prob
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CHAPTER 17 Benchmarking The benchma
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Version 1.03 --Sequential Output--
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17.3 IOzone Benchmark IOZone is a f
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CHAPTER 18 Lustre Recovery This cha
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18.2.2 MDS Failure (and Failover) R
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PART III Lustre Tuning, Monitoring
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19.1.1 Downloading an I/O Kit You c
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The sgpdd_survey script must be cus
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3. Determine the obdfilter instance
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19.2.2.3 Output of the sbdfilter_su
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19.3 PIOS Test Tool The PIOS test t
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19.3.2 PIOS I/O Modes There are sev
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Offset(o): Distance between two suc
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19.3.4 PIOS Examples To create a 1
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19.4.1.2 Utilities LNET self-test h
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Note - This script can be easily ad
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19.4.3.2 Group This section lists l
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del_group NAME Removes a group from
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There are only two test types: --pi
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19.4.3.4 Other Commands This sectio
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show_error [--session] [GROUP]|[IDs
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20.1 /proc Entries for Lustre This
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proc/sys/lustre/fail_loc This is th
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20.1.3.1 Configuring Adaptive Timeo
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Note - Changing adaptive timeouts s
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Credits work like a semaphore. At s
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20.2 Lustre I/O Tunables The sectio
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20.2.2 Watching the Client RPC Stre
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20.2.4 Client Read-Write Extents Su
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20.2.5 Watching the OST Block I/O S
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20.2.7 mballoc History /proc/fs/ldi
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Number of groups scanned (grps colu
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20.2.9 Locking /proc/fs/lustre/ldlm
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20.3.1 RPC Information for Other OB
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Where: Parameter Cur. Count Cur. Ra
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20-30 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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21.1.0.1 OSS Service Thread Count T
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21.3 Options to Format MDT and OST
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21.3.3.3 Number of Inodes for OST F
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21.5.3 Setting Write-Back Cache Per
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For example, one OST per tier LUNLa
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21.7 Lockless I/O Tunables The lock
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22.1.2 Lustre Logs The error messag
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22.3 Lustre Performance Tips This s
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22.3.4 OSTs Become Read-Only If the
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22.3.6 Changing Parameters You can
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22.3.8 Default Striping These are t
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22.3.12 Handling/Debugging "Bind: A
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You may also receive this error if
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22.3.17 Handling/Debugging "LustreE
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22.3.22 Number of OSTs Needed for S
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23.1 Lustre Debug Messages Each Lus
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23.2 Tools for Lustre Debugging The
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debug_daemon stop Completely shuts
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4. If you already have a debug log
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23.2.8 Adding Debugging to the Lust
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23.3 Troubleshooting with strace Th
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23.4.1 Determine the Lustre UUID of
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CHAPTER 24 Free Space and Quotas Th
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Examples [lin-cli1] $ lfs df UUID 1
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CHAPTER 25 Striping and I/O Options
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25.1.2 Disadvantages of Striping Th
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You can also use ls -l /proc//fd/ t
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25.3.1 Changing Striping for a Subd
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25.4.1 Round-Robin Allocator When O
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25.6 Other I/O Options This section
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if (close(fd) < 0) { fprintf(stderr
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} /* Ping all OSTs that belong to t
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CHAPTER 26 Lustre Security This cha
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Lustre ACL support is a system-wide
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The root squash UID and GID can be
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CHAPTER 27 Lustre Operating Tips Th
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27.2 A Simple Data Migration Script
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27.4 Failures Running a Client and
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PART V Reference This part includes
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28.1 lfs The lfs utility can be use
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Options The various lfs options are
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Option Description setstripe Create
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Option Description help Provides br
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$ lfs quotacheck -ug /mnt/lustre Ch
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Options The options and description
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Example e2fsck -n -v --mdsdb /tmp/m
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lustre-OST0000: ******* WARNING: Fi
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To fix dangling inodes, lfsck creat
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Options The options and description
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28.5 Handling Timeouts Timeouts are
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29.1.2 Description The group upcall
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Description The llapi_file_create()
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30.1.2 llapi_file_get_stripe Use ll
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30.1.4 llapi_quotactl Use llapi_quo
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Return Values llapi_quotactl() retu
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Important: All old (pre v.1.4.6) Lu
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ip2nets ("") is a string that lists
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The expansion is a list enclosed in
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31.2.2 SOCKLND Kernel TCP/IP LND Th
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31.2.3 QSW LND The QSW LND (qswlnd)
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31.2.5 VIB LND The VIB LND is conne
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31.2.6 OpenIB LND The OpenIB LND is
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ME/MD Queue Length The ptllnd uses
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31.2.8 Portals LND (Catamount) The
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31.2.9 MX LND MXLND supports a numb
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32.1 mkfs.lustre The mkfs.lustre ut
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Option Description --stripe-count-h
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Option Description --index=index Fo
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32.3 lctl The lctl utility is used
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Device Operations Option Descriptio
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Options Use the following options t
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32.4 mount.lustre The mount.lustre
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In addition to the standard mount o
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Options Option Description -b inode
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offset_stats The client offset_stat
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32.5.8 Fast e2fsck Using the uninit
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32.5.10 llobdstat The llobdstat uti
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Example To monitor /proc/fs/lustre/
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LNET self-test includes two user ut
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32.5.14 routerstat The routerstat u
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33.2 Maximum Stripe Size For a 32-b
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33.9 MDS Space Consumption A single
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Modules LNET acceptor accept_port a
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VIB LND service_number arp_retries
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A-6 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Administrator Tasks Build Install n
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Manual Version Date Details of Edit
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C-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Can I run Lustre in a heterogeneous
Page 492 and 493:
How do I abort recovery? Why would
Page 494 and 495:
Filesystem refuses to mount because
Page 496 and 497:
Is it possible to change the IP add
Page 498 and 499:
Can I change the striping of a file
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How do I resize an MDS / OST filesy
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1. Make a mountpoint for the mkdir
Page 504 and 505:
How do I control multiple services
Page 506 and 507:
Note - CluManager requires two 10M
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1. Try: lconf --cleanup --force 2.
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The following computation is used t
Page 512 and 513:
Example 2: Servers have two tcp net
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If you determine the LAST_ID file o
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Information on the Socket LND (sock
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What should I do if I suspect devic
Page 520 and 521:
In most cases, running e2fsck -fp $
Page 522 and 523:
What operations take place in Lustr
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What is the Lustre data path? On th
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D-38 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Completion Callback Configlog Confi
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GSS Group Sweeping Scheduling. A di
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LOV LOV descriptor Lustre Lustre cl
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opencache Orphan objects Orphan han
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S Storage Object API Storage Object
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Glossary-12 Lustre 1.6 Operations M
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failover, 4-10 filesystem name, 4-8
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Lustre building, 4-18 building a ta
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Q QSW LND, 31-10 Quadrics Elan, 2-2
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Index-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manua
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