Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual

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Q QSW LND, 31-10 Quadrics Elan, 2-2 querying filesystem space, 24-2 quota limits, 9-11 quota statistics, 9-12 quotas administering, 9-4 allocating, 9-6 creating files, 9-4 enabling, 9-2 file formats, 9-11 granted cache, 9-10 known issues, 9-10 limits, 9-11 resetting, 9-6 statistics, 9-12 working with, 9-1 R ra (RapidArray), 2-2 RAID considerations for backend storage, 10-1 creating an external journal, 10-13 disk performance management, 10-5 formatting, 10-4 performance considerations, 10-4 selecting storage for the MDS and OSS, 10-2 understanding double failures with RAID5 hardware and software, 10-3 RapidArray, 2-2 RapidArray LND, 31-11 readahead, using, 20-19 recovering Lustre, 18-1 recovery mode, failure types client failure, 18-2 MDS failure/failover, 18-3 network partition, 18-4 OST failure, 18-3 resetting quota, 9-6 restore device-level, 15-4 round-robin allocator, 25-9 routers, LNET, 5-8 routing, elan to TCP, 7-5 RPC stream tunables, 20-12 RPC stream, watching, 20-14 RPM packages, 3-3 kernel-modules-.rpm, 3-3 kernel-smp-.rpm, 3-3 kernel-source-.rpm, 3-3 lustre-.rpm, 3-3 lustre-ldiskfs-.rpm, 3-3 lustre-source-.rpm, 3-3 running a client and OST on the same machine, 27-5 S server starting, 4-8 stopping, 4-9 server NID, changing, 4-14 setting maxcmds, 21-8 readahead and MF, 21-7 SCSI I/O sizes, 22-4 segment size, 21-7 write-back cache, 21-8 sgpdd_survey tool, 19-3 simple configuration CSV file, configuring Lustre, 6-4 network, combined MGS/MDT, 6-1 network, separate MGS/MDT, 6-3 TCP network, Lustre simple configurations, 6-1 SOCKLND kernel TCP/IP LND, 31-8 SSH access, 3-6 starting LNET, 5-10 stopping LNET, 5-11 striping advantages, 25-2 disadvantages, 25-3 lfs getstripe, display files and directories, 25-4 lfs getstripe, set file layout, 25-6 size, 25-3 supported configurations, Lustre, 3-2 supported networks Elan (Quadrics Elan), 2-2 gm (Myrinet), 2-2 iib (Infinicon InfiniBand), 2-2 o2ib (OFED), 2-2 openlib (Mellanox-Gold InfiniBand), 2-2 ra (RapidArray), 2-2 Index-6 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual • September 2008
vib (Voltaire InfiniBand), 2-2 T tarball from source RPM, 4-23 tarball from CVS, 4-24 timeouts, handling, 28-22 Troubleshooting number of OSTs needed for sustained throughput, 22-18 troubleshooting changing parameters, 22-8 consideration in connecting a SAN with Lustre, 22-11 default striping, 22-10 drawbacks in doing multi-client O_APPEND writes, 22-17 erasing a file system, 22-10 error messages, 22-1 handling timeouts on initial Lustre setup, 22-15 handling/debugging "bind address already in use" error, 22-12 handling/debugging "Lustre Error xxx went back in time", 22-16 handling/debugging error "28", 22-13 identifying a missing OST, 22-6 log message ’out of memory’ on OST, 22-17 logs, 22-2 Lustre Error "slow start_page_write", 22-16 OST object missing or damaged, 22-5 OSTs become read-only, 22-6 reclaiming reserved disk space, 22-11 replacing an existing OST or MDS, 22-13 setting SCSI I/O sizes, 22-4 slowdown occurs during Lustre startup, 22-17 triggering watchdog for PID NNN, 22-14 viewing parameters, 22-9 write performance better than read performance, 22-4 tunables RPC stream, 20-12 tunables, lockless, 21-12 tunefs.lustre, 32-5 tuning DDN, 21-6 formatting the MDS and OST, 21-4 large-scale, 21-10 LNET tunables, 21-3 module options, 21-1 module threads, 21-2 U UID, 3-6 universal UID/GID, 3-6 upgrade multiple filesystems (shared MGS), 13-7 requirements, 13-2 single filesystem, 13-4 supported paths, 13-3 upgrading starting clients, 13-4 user ID (UID), 3-6 using, 14-3 quotas, 24-4 using Quilt, 4-16 using the Lustre SNMP module, 14-3 utilities new, v1.6, 32-17 V VIB LND, 31-12 Voltaire InfiniBand (vib), 2-2 VSX_DBUG_FILE=output_file, 16-5 VSX_DBUG_FLAGS=xxxxx, 16-5 W weighted allocator, 25-9 weighting, adjusting between free space and location, 25-9 writeconf, 4-14 Index-7
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Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual Sun M
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Please Recycle
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2. Understanding Lustre Networking
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6. Configuring Lustre - Examples 6-
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9. Configuring Quotas 9-1 9.1 Worki
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15. Backup and Restore 15-1 15.1 Lu
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20. LustreProc 20-1 20.1 /proc Entr
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22. Lustre Troubleshooting Tips 22-
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Part IV Lustre for Users 24. Free S
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29. Lustre Programming Interfaces (
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33. System Limits 33-1 33.1 Maximum
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Shell Prompts Shell C shell C shell
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xxiv Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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PART I Lustre Architecture Lustre i
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1.1 Lustre File System Lustre is a
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1.2.4 OSTs An OSTs provide back-end
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1.3 Files in the Lustre File System
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1.3.1 Lustre File System and Stripi
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1.3.3 Lustre System Capacity Lustre
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1.5 Lustre Networking In clusters w
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Note - Lustre does not provide redu
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Key features of LNET include: ■
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CHAPTER 3 Prerequisites This chapte
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3.2 Using a Pre-Packaged Lustre Rel
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Another option is to: 1. Install db
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3.3.4 Choosing a Proper Kernel I/O
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3.4 Memory Requirements This sectio
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CHAPTER 4 Lustre Installation This
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4.1.1 MountConf MountConf is shorth
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Note - For detailed information on
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Mounting Lustre on a client node $
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We are mounting by disk label here
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4.2.2.2 Mount with Inactive OSTs Mo
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Client mount for foo: mount -t lust
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$ mount -t lustre -L testfs-MDT0000
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$ cd /tmp/kernels/linux-2.6.9 $ rm
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Use standard RPM commands to instal
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4.3.2.2 Liblustre The Lustre librar
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4.4 Building a Lustre Source Tarbal
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CHAPTER 5 Configuring the Lustre Ne
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5.1.5 Determine Appropriate Mount P
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Note - Depending on the Linux distr
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live_router_check_interval, dead_ro
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5.2.3 Downed Routers There are two
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5.3.2 Stopping LNET Before the LNET
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CHAPTER 6 Configuring Lustre - Exam
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6.1.2 Lustre with Separate MGS and
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How to Create a CSV File Five diffe
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Linux LVM LV (Logical Volume) The C
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The lustre_config.csv file looks li
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Example 1: Simple Lustre configurat
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CHAPTER 7 More Complicated Configur
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Because megan and oscar match the f
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7.2 Elan to TCP Routing Servers meg
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7.3.3 Start clients For the TCP cli
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CHAPTER 8 Failover This chapter des
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For proper resource fencing, the He
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8.1.5 Roles of Nodes in a Failover
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8.4.3 Hardware Requirements for Fai
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8.5.1.1 Configuring Heartbeat This
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. Monitor the syslog on both nodes.
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To get the proper syntax, run: $ st
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8.6 Using MMP The multiple mount pr
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8.7.2 Configuring the Hardware Hear
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Use this procedure: 1. Create the b
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8.7.3.2 Testing 1. Pull power from
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CHAPTER 9 Configuring Quotas This c
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To enable quotas automatically when
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The lfs command now includes these
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This sets a much smaller granularit
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The quota_bunit_sz parameter displa
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9.1.5.2 Quota Limits Available quot
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Quota Event nowait_for_pending_blk_
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CHAPTER 10 RAID This chapter descri
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10.1.3 Understanding Double Failure
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10.2 Insights into Disk Performance
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OST Filesystem: RAID5 with 5 or 9 d
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10.2.1 Sample Graphs The graphs in
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10.2.1.2 Graphs for Read Performanc
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10.3 Creating an External Journal W
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CHAPTER 11 Kerberos This chapter de
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Note - The Heimdal implementation o
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General Installation Notes ■ ■
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. Install the keytab. Note - There
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# uppercase the hex nid=$(echo $nid
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11.2.2 Types of Lustre-Kerberos Fla
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11.2.2.3 Customized Flavor In most
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11.2.2.6 Rules, Syntax and Examples
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CHAPTER 12 Bonding This chapter des
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# ethtool eth1 Settings for eth1: S
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12.4 Bonding Module Parameters Bond
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The examples below are from RedHat
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12.5.1 Examples This is an example
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12.6 Configuring Lustre with Bondin
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CHAPTER 13 Upgrading Lustre The cha
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13.2.2 Supported Upgrade Paths The
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[root@mds1]# tunefs.lustre --mgs --
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13.2.5 Upgrading Multiple File Syst
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13.3 Upgrading Lustre from 1.6.3 to
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13.4 Downgrading Lustre from 1.6.4
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CHAPTER 14 Lustre SNMP Module The L
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14.3 Using the Lustre SNMP Module O
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CHAPTER 15 Backup and Restore This
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15.1.3.1 Backing Up an MDS File To
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3. Mount the filesystem. ■ For 2.
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2. Format LVM volumes as Lustre tar
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15.3.4 Restoring From Old Snapshot
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CHAPTER 16 POSIX This chapter descr
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7. When the system displays this pr
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16.3 Isolating and Debugging Failur
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If this single test is causing prob
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CHAPTER 17 Benchmarking The benchma
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Version 1.03 --Sequential Output--
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17.3 IOzone Benchmark IOZone is a f
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CHAPTER 18 Lustre Recovery This cha
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18.2.2 MDS Failure (and Failover) R
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PART III Lustre Tuning, Monitoring
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19.1.1 Downloading an I/O Kit You c
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The sgpdd_survey script must be cus
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3. Determine the obdfilter instance
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19.2.2.3 Output of the sbdfilter_su
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19.3 PIOS Test Tool The PIOS test t
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19.3.2 PIOS I/O Modes There are sev
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Offset(o): Distance between two suc
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19.3.4 PIOS Examples To create a 1
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19.4.1.2 Utilities LNET self-test h
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Note - This script can be easily ad
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19.4.3.2 Group This section lists l
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del_group NAME Removes a group from
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There are only two test types: --pi
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19.4.3.4 Other Commands This sectio
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show_error [--session] [GROUP]|[IDs
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20.1 /proc Entries for Lustre This
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proc/sys/lustre/fail_loc This is th
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20.1.3.1 Configuring Adaptive Timeo
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Note - Changing adaptive timeouts s
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Credits work like a semaphore. At s
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20.2 Lustre I/O Tunables The sectio
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20.2.2 Watching the Client RPC Stre
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20.2.4 Client Read-Write Extents Su
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20.2.5 Watching the OST Block I/O S
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20.2.7 mballoc History /proc/fs/ldi
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Number of groups scanned (grps colu
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20.2.9 Locking /proc/fs/lustre/ldlm
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20.3.1 RPC Information for Other OB
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Where: Parameter Cur. Count Cur. Ra
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20-30 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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21.1.0.1 OSS Service Thread Count T
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21.3 Options to Format MDT and OST
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21.3.3.3 Number of Inodes for OST F
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21.5.3 Setting Write-Back Cache Per
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For example, one OST per tier LUNLa
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21.7 Lockless I/O Tunables The lock
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22.1.2 Lustre Logs The error messag
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22.3 Lustre Performance Tips This s
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22.3.4 OSTs Become Read-Only If the
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22.3.6 Changing Parameters You can
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22.3.8 Default Striping These are t
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22.3.12 Handling/Debugging "Bind: A
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You may also receive this error if
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22.3.17 Handling/Debugging "LustreE
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22.3.22 Number of OSTs Needed for S
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23.1 Lustre Debug Messages Each Lus
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23.2 Tools for Lustre Debugging The
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debug_daemon stop Completely shuts
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4. If you already have a debug log
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23.2.8 Adding Debugging to the Lust
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23.3 Troubleshooting with strace Th
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23.4.1 Determine the Lustre UUID of
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CHAPTER 24 Free Space and Quotas Th
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Examples [lin-cli1] $ lfs df UUID 1
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CHAPTER 25 Striping and I/O Options
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25.1.2 Disadvantages of Striping Th
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You can also use ls -l /proc//fd/ t
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25.3.1 Changing Striping for a Subd
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25.4.1 Round-Robin Allocator When O
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25.6 Other I/O Options This section
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if (close(fd) < 0) { fprintf(stderr
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} /* Ping all OSTs that belong to t
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CHAPTER 26 Lustre Security This cha
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Lustre ACL support is a system-wide
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The root squash UID and GID can be
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CHAPTER 27 Lustre Operating Tips Th
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27.2 A Simple Data Migration Script
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27.4 Failures Running a Client and
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PART V Reference This part includes
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28.1 lfs The lfs utility can be use
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Options The various lfs options are
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Option Description setstripe Create
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Option Description help Provides br
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$ lfs quotacheck -ug /mnt/lustre Ch
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Options The options and description
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Example e2fsck -n -v --mdsdb /tmp/m
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lustre-OST0000: ******* WARNING: Fi
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To fix dangling inodes, lfsck creat
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Options The options and description
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28.5 Handling Timeouts Timeouts are
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29.1.2 Description The group upcall
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Description The llapi_file_create()
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30.1.2 llapi_file_get_stripe Use ll
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30.1.4 llapi_quotactl Use llapi_quo
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Return Values llapi_quotactl() retu
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Important: All old (pre v.1.4.6) Lu
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ip2nets ("") is a string that lists
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The expansion is a list enclosed in
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31.2.2 SOCKLND Kernel TCP/IP LND Th
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31.2.3 QSW LND The QSW LND (qswlnd)
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31.2.5 VIB LND The VIB LND is conne
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31.2.6 OpenIB LND The OpenIB LND is
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ME/MD Queue Length The ptllnd uses
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31.2.8 Portals LND (Catamount) The
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31.2.9 MX LND MXLND supports a numb
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32.1 mkfs.lustre The mkfs.lustre ut
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Option Description --stripe-count-h
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Option Description --index=index Fo
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32.3 lctl The lctl utility is used
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Device Operations Option Descriptio
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Options Use the following options t
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32.4 mount.lustre The mount.lustre
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In addition to the standard mount o
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Options Option Description -b inode
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offset_stats The client offset_stat
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32.5.8 Fast e2fsck Using the uninit
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32.5.10 llobdstat The llobdstat uti
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Example To monitor /proc/fs/lustre/
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LNET self-test includes two user ut
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32.5.14 routerstat The routerstat u
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33.2 Maximum Stripe Size For a 32-b
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33.9 MDS Space Consumption A single
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Modules LNET acceptor accept_port a
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VIB LND service_number arp_retries
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A-6 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Administrator Tasks Build Install n
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Manual Version Date Details of Edit
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C-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Can I run Lustre in a heterogeneous
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How do I abort recovery? Why would
Page 494 and 495: Filesystem refuses to mount because
Page 496 and 497: Is it possible to change the IP add
Page 498 and 499: Can I change the striping of a file
Page 500 and 501: How do I resize an MDS / OST filesy
Page 502 and 503: 1. Make a mountpoint for the mkdir
Page 504 and 505: How do I control multiple services
Page 506 and 507: Note - CluManager requires two 10M
Page 508 and 509: 1. Try: lconf --cleanup --force 2.
Page 510 and 511: The following computation is used t
Page 512 and 513: Example 2: Servers have two tcp net
Page 514 and 515: If you determine the LAST_ID file o
Page 516 and 517: Information on the Socket LND (sock
Page 518 and 519: What should I do if I suspect devic
Page 520 and 521: In most cases, running e2fsck -fp $
Page 522 and 523: What operations take place in Lustr
Page 524 and 525: What is the Lustre data path? On th
Page 526 and 527: D-38 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
Page 528 and 529: Completion Callback Configlog Confi
Page 530 and 531: GSS Group Sweeping Scheduling. A di
Page 532 and 533: LOV LOV descriptor Lustre Lustre cl
Page 534 and 535: opencache Orphan objects Orphan han
Page 536 and 537: S Storage Object API Storage Object
Page 538 and 539: Glossary-12 Lustre 1.6 Operations M
Page 540 and 541: failover, 4-10 filesystem name, 4-8
Page 542 and 543: Lustre building, 4-18 building a ta
Page 546: Index-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manua
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