Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual

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3.2.2 Lustre Tools The lustre-.rpm package, required for proper Lustre setup and monitoring, contains many tools. The most important tools are: ■ lctl - Low-level configuration utility that can also be used for troubleshooting and debugging. ■ lfs - Tool to read/set striping information for the cluster, as well as perform other actions specific to Lustre filesystems. ■ mkfs.lustre - Tool to format Lustre target disks. ■ mount.lustre - Lustre-specific helper for mount(8). Another tool is LNET self-test, which helps site administrators confirm that LNET has been properly installed and configured. The self-test also confirms that LNET and the network software and hardware underlying it are performing according to expectations. 3.2.3 Other Required Software Although we provide some tools and utilities, Lustre also requires several separate software tools to be installed. 3.2.3.1 Core-Required Tools ■ e2fsprogs: Lustre requires very modern versions of e2fsprogs that understand extents—use e2fsprogs-1.38-cfs1 or later, available at: http://downloads.clusterfs.com/public/tools/e2fsprogs/latest Note – This directory contains both SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) and Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) versions of e2fsprogs. Note – You may need to install e2fsprogs with rpm -ivh --force to override any dependency issues of your distribution. Lustre-patched e2fsprogs only needs to be installed on machines that mount backend (ldiskfs) filesystems, such as OSS, MDS and MGS nodes. ■ ■ Perl: Various userspace utilities are written in Perl. Any modern Perl should work with Lustre. Build tools: If you are not installing Lustre from RPMs, normally you can use a GCC compiler to build Lustre. Use GCC 3.0 or later. 3-4 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual • September 2008
Another option is to: 1. Install db4-devel for your distribution (if it is not already installed). 2. Download e2fsprogs-1.40.2-cfs1-0redhat.src.rpm 3. Run: #rpmbuild --rebuild e2fsprogs-1.40.2.cfs1-0redhat.src.rpm 4. Install the resulting RPMs. 3.2.3.2 High-Availability Software If you plan to enable failover server functionality with Lustre (either on an OSS or an MDS), high-availability software must be added to your cluster software. Heartbeat is one of the better known high-availability software packages. Linux-HA (Heartbeat) supports a redundant system with access to the Shared (Common) Storage with dedicated connectivity; it can determine the system’s general state. For more information, see Failover. 3.2.3.3 Debugging Tools Things inevitably go wrong—disks fail, packets get dropped, software has bugs, and when they do it is useful to have debugging tools on hand to help figure out how and why a problem occurred. In this regard, the most useful tool is GDB, coupled with crash. You can use these tools to investigate live systems and kernel core dumps. There are also useful kernel patches/ modules, such as netconsole and netdump, that allow core dumps to be made across the network. For more information about these tools, see the following websites: Tool GDB crash netconsole netdump URL http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/gdb.html http://oss.missioncriticallinux.com/projects/crash/ http://lwn.net/2001/0927/a/netconsole.php3 http://www.redhat.com/support/wpapers/redhat/netdump/ Chapter 3 Prerequisites 3-5
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Page 6 and 7: 2. Understanding Lustre Networking
Page 8 and 9: 6. Configuring Lustre - Examples 6-
Page 10 and 11: 9. Configuring Quotas 9-1 9.1 Worki
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Page 14 and 15: 20. LustreProc 20-1 20.1 /proc Entr
Page 16 and 17: 22. Lustre Troubleshooting Tips 22-
Page 18 and 19: Part IV Lustre for Users 24. Free S
Page 20 and 21: 29. Lustre Programming Interfaces (
Page 22 and 23: 33. System Limits 33-1 33.1 Maximum
Page 24 and 25: Shell Prompts Shell C shell C shell
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Page 29: PART I Lustre Architecture Lustre i
Page 32 and 33: 1.1 Lustre File System Lustre is a
Page 34 and 35: 1.2.4 OSTs An OSTs provide back-end
Page 36 and 37: 1.3 Files in the Lustre File System
Page 38 and 39: 1.3.1 Lustre File System and Stripi
Page 40 and 41: 1.3.3 Lustre System Capacity Lustre
Page 42 and 43: 1.5 Lustre Networking In clusters w
Page 44 and 45: Note - Lustre does not provide redu
Page 46 and 47: Key features of LNET include: ■
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER 3 Prerequisites This chapte
Page 51: 3.2 Using a Pre-Packaged Lustre Rel
Page 55 and 56: 3.3.4 Choosing a Proper Kernel I/O
Page 57 and 58: 3.4 Memory Requirements This sectio
Page 59 and 60: CHAPTER 4 Lustre Installation This
Page 61 and 62: 4.1.1 MountConf MountConf is shorth
Page 63 and 64: Note - For detailed information on
Page 65 and 66: Mounting Lustre on a client node $
Page 67 and 68: We are mounting by disk label here
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Page 71 and 72: Client mount for foo: mount -t lust
Page 73 and 74: $ mount -t lustre -L testfs-MDT0000
Page 75 and 76: $ cd /tmp/kernels/linux-2.6.9 $ rm
Page 77 and 78: Use standard RPM commands to instal
Page 79 and 80: 4.3.2.2 Liblustre The Lustre librar
Page 81 and 82: 4.4 Building a Lustre Source Tarbal
Page 83 and 84: CHAPTER 5 Configuring the Lustre Ne
Page 85 and 86: 5.1.5 Determine Appropriate Mount P
Page 87 and 88: Note - Depending on the Linux distr
Page 89 and 90: live_router_check_interval, dead_ro
Page 91 and 92: 5.2.3 Downed Routers There are two
Page 93 and 94: 5.3.2 Stopping LNET Before the LNET
Page 95 and 96: CHAPTER 6 Configuring Lustre - Exam
Page 97 and 98: 6.1.2 Lustre with Separate MGS and
Page 99 and 100: How to Create a CSV File Five diffe
Page 101 and 102: Linux LVM LV (Logical Volume) The C
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The lustre_config.csv file looks li
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Example 1: Simple Lustre configurat
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CHAPTER 7 More Complicated Configur
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Because megan and oscar match the f
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7.2 Elan to TCP Routing Servers meg
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7.3.3 Start clients For the TCP cli
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CHAPTER 8 Failover This chapter des
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For proper resource fencing, the He
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8.1.5 Roles of Nodes in a Failover
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8.4.3 Hardware Requirements for Fai
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8.5.1.1 Configuring Heartbeat This
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. Monitor the syslog on both nodes.
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To get the proper syntax, run: $ st
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8.6 Using MMP The multiple mount pr
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8.7.2 Configuring the Hardware Hear
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Use this procedure: 1. Create the b
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8.7.3.2 Testing 1. Pull power from
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CHAPTER 9 Configuring Quotas This c
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To enable quotas automatically when
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The lfs command now includes these
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This sets a much smaller granularit
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The quota_bunit_sz parameter displa
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9.1.5.2 Quota Limits Available quot
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Quota Event nowait_for_pending_blk_
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CHAPTER 10 RAID This chapter descri
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10.1.3 Understanding Double Failure
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10.2 Insights into Disk Performance
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OST Filesystem: RAID5 with 5 or 9 d
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10.2.1 Sample Graphs The graphs in
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10.2.1.2 Graphs for Read Performanc
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10.3 Creating an External Journal W
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CHAPTER 11 Kerberos This chapter de
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Note - The Heimdal implementation o
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General Installation Notes ■ ■
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. Install the keytab. Note - There
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# uppercase the hex nid=$(echo $nid
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11.2.2 Types of Lustre-Kerberos Fla
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11.2.2.3 Customized Flavor In most
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11.2.2.6 Rules, Syntax and Examples
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CHAPTER 12 Bonding This chapter des
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# ethtool eth1 Settings for eth1: S
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12.4 Bonding Module Parameters Bond
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The examples below are from RedHat
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12.5.1 Examples This is an example
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12.6 Configuring Lustre with Bondin
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CHAPTER 13 Upgrading Lustre The cha
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13.2.2 Supported Upgrade Paths The
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[root@mds1]# tunefs.lustre --mgs --
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13.2.5 Upgrading Multiple File Syst
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13.3 Upgrading Lustre from 1.6.3 to
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13.4 Downgrading Lustre from 1.6.4
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CHAPTER 14 Lustre SNMP Module The L
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14.3 Using the Lustre SNMP Module O
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CHAPTER 15 Backup and Restore This
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15.1.3.1 Backing Up an MDS File To
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3. Mount the filesystem. ■ For 2.
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2. Format LVM volumes as Lustre tar
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15.3.4 Restoring From Old Snapshot
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CHAPTER 16 POSIX This chapter descr
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7. When the system displays this pr
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16.3 Isolating and Debugging Failur
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If this single test is causing prob
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CHAPTER 17 Benchmarking The benchma
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Version 1.03 --Sequential Output--
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17.3 IOzone Benchmark IOZone is a f
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CHAPTER 18 Lustre Recovery This cha
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18.2.2 MDS Failure (and Failover) R
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PART III Lustre Tuning, Monitoring
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19.1.1 Downloading an I/O Kit You c
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The sgpdd_survey script must be cus
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3. Determine the obdfilter instance
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19.2.2.3 Output of the sbdfilter_su
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19.3 PIOS Test Tool The PIOS test t
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19.3.2 PIOS I/O Modes There are sev
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Offset(o): Distance between two suc
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19.3.4 PIOS Examples To create a 1
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19.4.1.2 Utilities LNET self-test h
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Note - This script can be easily ad
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19.4.3.2 Group This section lists l
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del_group NAME Removes a group from
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There are only two test types: --pi
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19.4.3.4 Other Commands This sectio
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show_error [--session] [GROUP]|[IDs
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20.1 /proc Entries for Lustre This
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proc/sys/lustre/fail_loc This is th
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20.1.3.1 Configuring Adaptive Timeo
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Note - Changing adaptive timeouts s
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Credits work like a semaphore. At s
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20.2 Lustre I/O Tunables The sectio
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20.2.2 Watching the Client RPC Stre
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20.2.4 Client Read-Write Extents Su
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20.2.5 Watching the OST Block I/O S
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20.2.7 mballoc History /proc/fs/ldi
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Number of groups scanned (grps colu
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20.2.9 Locking /proc/fs/lustre/ldlm
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20.3.1 RPC Information for Other OB
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Where: Parameter Cur. Count Cur. Ra
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20-30 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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21.1.0.1 OSS Service Thread Count T
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21.3 Options to Format MDT and OST
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21.3.3.3 Number of Inodes for OST F
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21.5.3 Setting Write-Back Cache Per
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For example, one OST per tier LUNLa
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21.7 Lockless I/O Tunables The lock
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22.1.2 Lustre Logs The error messag
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22.3 Lustre Performance Tips This s
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22.3.4 OSTs Become Read-Only If the
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22.3.6 Changing Parameters You can
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22.3.8 Default Striping These are t
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22.3.12 Handling/Debugging "Bind: A
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You may also receive this error if
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22.3.17 Handling/Debugging "LustreE
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22.3.22 Number of OSTs Needed for S
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23.1 Lustre Debug Messages Each Lus
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23.2 Tools for Lustre Debugging The
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debug_daemon stop Completely shuts
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4. If you already have a debug log
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23.2.8 Adding Debugging to the Lust
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23.3 Troubleshooting with strace Th
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23.4.1 Determine the Lustre UUID of
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CHAPTER 24 Free Space and Quotas Th
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Examples [lin-cli1] $ lfs df UUID 1
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CHAPTER 25 Striping and I/O Options
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25.1.2 Disadvantages of Striping Th
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You can also use ls -l /proc//fd/ t
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25.3.1 Changing Striping for a Subd
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25.4.1 Round-Robin Allocator When O
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25.6 Other I/O Options This section
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if (close(fd) < 0) { fprintf(stderr
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} /* Ping all OSTs that belong to t
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CHAPTER 26 Lustre Security This cha
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Lustre ACL support is a system-wide
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The root squash UID and GID can be
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CHAPTER 27 Lustre Operating Tips Th
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27.2 A Simple Data Migration Script
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27.4 Failures Running a Client and
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PART V Reference This part includes
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28.1 lfs The lfs utility can be use
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Options The various lfs options are
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Option Description setstripe Create
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Option Description help Provides br
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$ lfs quotacheck -ug /mnt/lustre Ch
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Options The options and description
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Example e2fsck -n -v --mdsdb /tmp/m
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lustre-OST0000: ******* WARNING: Fi
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To fix dangling inodes, lfsck creat
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Options The options and description
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28.5 Handling Timeouts Timeouts are
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29.1.2 Description The group upcall
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Description The llapi_file_create()
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30.1.2 llapi_file_get_stripe Use ll
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30.1.4 llapi_quotactl Use llapi_quo
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Return Values llapi_quotactl() retu
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Important: All old (pre v.1.4.6) Lu
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ip2nets ("") is a string that lists
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The expansion is a list enclosed in
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31.2.2 SOCKLND Kernel TCP/IP LND Th
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31.2.3 QSW LND The QSW LND (qswlnd)
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31.2.5 VIB LND The VIB LND is conne
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31.2.6 OpenIB LND The OpenIB LND is
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ME/MD Queue Length The ptllnd uses
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31.2.8 Portals LND (Catamount) The
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31.2.9 MX LND MXLND supports a numb
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32.1 mkfs.lustre The mkfs.lustre ut
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Option Description --stripe-count-h
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Option Description --index=index Fo
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32.3 lctl The lctl utility is used
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Device Operations Option Descriptio
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Options Use the following options t
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32.4 mount.lustre The mount.lustre
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In addition to the standard mount o
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Options Option Description -b inode
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offset_stats The client offset_stat
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32.5.8 Fast e2fsck Using the uninit
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32.5.10 llobdstat The llobdstat uti
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Example To monitor /proc/fs/lustre/
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LNET self-test includes two user ut
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32.5.14 routerstat The routerstat u
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33.2 Maximum Stripe Size For a 32-b
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33.9 MDS Space Consumption A single
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Modules LNET acceptor accept_port a
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VIB LND service_number arp_retries
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A-6 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Administrator Tasks Build Install n
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Manual Version Date Details of Edit
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C-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Can I run Lustre in a heterogeneous
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How do I abort recovery? Why would
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Filesystem refuses to mount because
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Is it possible to change the IP add
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Can I change the striping of a file
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How do I resize an MDS / OST filesy
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1. Make a mountpoint for the mkdir
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How do I control multiple services
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Note - CluManager requires two 10M
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1. Try: lconf --cleanup --force 2.
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The following computation is used t
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Example 2: Servers have two tcp net
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If you determine the LAST_ID file o
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Information on the Socket LND (sock
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What should I do if I suspect devic
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In most cases, running e2fsck -fp $
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What operations take place in Lustr
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What is the Lustre data path? On th
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D-38 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Completion Callback Configlog Confi
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GSS Group Sweeping Scheduling. A di
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LOV LOV descriptor Lustre Lustre cl
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opencache Orphan objects Orphan han
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S Storage Object API Storage Object
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Glossary-12 Lustre 1.6 Operations M
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failover, 4-10 filesystem name, 4-8
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Lustre building, 4-18 building a ta
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Q QSW LND, 31-10 Quadrics Elan, 2-2
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Index-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manua
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