Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual

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20.2.7 mballoc History /proc/fs/ldiskfs/sda/mb_history mballoc stands for Multi-Block-Allocate. It is Lustre’s ability to ask ext3 to allocate multiple blocks with a single request to the block allocator. Normally, an ext3 filesystem can allocate only one block per time. Each mballoc-enabled partition has this file. Sample output: pid inode goal result found grpscr \ merge tailbroken 2838 139267 17/12288/1 17/12288/1 1 0 0 \ M 1 8192 2838 139267 17/12289/1 17/12289/1 1 0 0 \ M 0 0 2838 139267 17/12290/1 17/12290/1 1 0 0 \ M 1 2 2838 24577 3/12288/1 3/12288/1 1 0 0 \ M 1 8192 2838 24578 3/12288/1 3/771/1 1 1 1 \ 0 0 2838 32769 4/12288/1 4/12288/1 1 0 0 \ M 1 8192 2838 32770 4/12288/1 4/12289/1 13 1 1 \ 0 0 2838 32771 4/12288/1 5/771/1 26 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32772 4/12288/1 5/896/1 31 2 1 \ 1 128 2838 32773 4/12288/1 5/897/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2828 32774 4/12288/1 5/898/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32775 4/12288/1 5/899/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32776 4/12288/1 5/900/1 31 2 1 \ 1 4 2838 32777 4/12288/1 5/901/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32778 4/12288/1 5/902/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32779 4/12288/1 5/903/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 pid inode goal result found grpscr \ merge tailbroken 2838 32780 4/12288/1 5/904/1 31 2 1 \ 1 8 2838 32781 4/12288/1 5/905/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32782 4/12288/1 5/906/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32783 4/12288/1 5/907/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32784 4/12288/1 5/908/1 31 2 1 \ 1 4 2838 32785 4/12288/1 5/909/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32786 4/12288/1 5/910/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32787 4/12288/1 5/911/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32788 4/12288/1 5/912/1 31 2 1 \ 1 16 2838 32789 4/12288/1 5/913/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2828 32790 4/12288/1 5/914/1 31 2 0 \ 1 2 2838 32791 4/12288/1 5/915/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32792 4/12288/1 5/916/1 31 2 1 \ 1 4 2838 32793 4/12288/1 5/917/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32794 4/12288/1 5/918/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32795 4/12288/1 5/919/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2828 32796 4/12288/1 5/920/1 31 2 1 \ 1 8 2838 32797 4/12288/1 5/921/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32798 4/12288/1 5/922/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32799 4/12288/1 5/923/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32800 4/12288/1 5/924/1 31 2 1 \ 1 4 20-20 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual • September 2008
pid inode goal result foundgrps cr \ merge tailbroken 2838 32801 4/12288/1 5/925/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32802 4/12288/1 5/926/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32803 4/12288/1 5/927/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32804 4/12288/1 5/928/1 31 2 1 \ 1 32 2838 32805 4/12288/1 5/929/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 32806 4/12288/1 5/930/1 31 2 1 \ 1 2 2838 32807 4/12288/1 5/931/1 31 2 1 \ 0 0 2838 24579 3/12288/1 3/12289/1 11 1 1 \ 0 0 The parameters are described below: Parameter pid inode goal result found grps cr queue merge tail broken Description Process that made the allocation. inode number allocated blocks Initial request that came to mballoc (group/block-in-group/number-of-blocks) What mballoc actually found for this request. Number of free chunks mballoc found and measured before the final decision. Number of groups mballoc scanned to satisfy the request. Stage at which mballoc found the result: 0 - best in terms of resource allocation. The request was 1MB or larger and was satisfied directly via the kernel buddy allocator. 1 - regular stage (good at resource consumption) 2 - fs is quite fragmented (not that bad at resource consumption) 3 - fs is very fragmented (worst at resource consumption) Total bytes in active/queued sends. Whether the request hit the goal. This is good as extents code can now merge new blocks to existing extent, eliminating the need for extents tree growth. Number of blocks left free after the allocation breaks large free chunks. How large the broken chunk was. Most customers are probably interested in found/cr. If cr is 0 1 and found is less than 100, then mballoc is doing quite well. Also, number-of-blocks-in-request (third number in the goal triple) can tell the number of blocks requested by the obdfilter. If the obdfilter is doing a lot of small requests (just few blocks), then either the client is processing input/output to a lot of small files, or something may be wrong with the client (because it is better if client sends large input/output requests). This can be investigated with the OSC rpc_stats or OST brw_stats mentioned above. Chapter 20 LustreProc 20-21
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Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual Sun M
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Please Recycle
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2. Understanding Lustre Networking
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6. Configuring Lustre - Examples 6-
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9. Configuring Quotas 9-1 9.1 Worki
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15. Backup and Restore 15-1 15.1 Lu
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20. LustreProc 20-1 20.1 /proc Entr
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22. Lustre Troubleshooting Tips 22-
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Part IV Lustre for Users 24. Free S
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29. Lustre Programming Interfaces (
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33. System Limits 33-1 33.1 Maximum
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Shell Prompts Shell C shell C shell
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xxiv Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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PART I Lustre Architecture Lustre i
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1.1 Lustre File System Lustre is a
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1.2.4 OSTs An OSTs provide back-end
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1.3 Files in the Lustre File System
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1.3.1 Lustre File System and Stripi
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1.3.3 Lustre System Capacity Lustre
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1.5 Lustre Networking In clusters w
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Note - Lustre does not provide redu
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Key features of LNET include: ■
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CHAPTER 3 Prerequisites This chapte
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3.2 Using a Pre-Packaged Lustre Rel
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Another option is to: 1. Install db
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3.3.4 Choosing a Proper Kernel I/O
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3.4 Memory Requirements This sectio
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CHAPTER 4 Lustre Installation This
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4.1.1 MountConf MountConf is shorth
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Note - For detailed information on
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Mounting Lustre on a client node $
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We are mounting by disk label here
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4.2.2.2 Mount with Inactive OSTs Mo
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Client mount for foo: mount -t lust
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$ mount -t lustre -L testfs-MDT0000
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$ cd /tmp/kernels/linux-2.6.9 $ rm
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Use standard RPM commands to instal
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4.3.2.2 Liblustre The Lustre librar
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4.4 Building a Lustre Source Tarbal
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CHAPTER 5 Configuring the Lustre Ne
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5.1.5 Determine Appropriate Mount P
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Note - Depending on the Linux distr
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live_router_check_interval, dead_ro
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5.2.3 Downed Routers There are two
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5.3.2 Stopping LNET Before the LNET
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CHAPTER 6 Configuring Lustre - Exam
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6.1.2 Lustre with Separate MGS and
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How to Create a CSV File Five diffe
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Linux LVM LV (Logical Volume) The C
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The lustre_config.csv file looks li
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Example 1: Simple Lustre configurat
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CHAPTER 7 More Complicated Configur
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Because megan and oscar match the f
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7.2 Elan to TCP Routing Servers meg
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7.3.3 Start clients For the TCP cli
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CHAPTER 8 Failover This chapter des
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For proper resource fencing, the He
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8.1.5 Roles of Nodes in a Failover
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8.4.3 Hardware Requirements for Fai
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8.5.1.1 Configuring Heartbeat This
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. Monitor the syslog on both nodes.
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To get the proper syntax, run: $ st
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8.6 Using MMP The multiple mount pr
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8.7.2 Configuring the Hardware Hear
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Use this procedure: 1. Create the b
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8.7.3.2 Testing 1. Pull power from
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CHAPTER 9 Configuring Quotas This c
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To enable quotas automatically when
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The lfs command now includes these
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This sets a much smaller granularit
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The quota_bunit_sz parameter displa
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9.1.5.2 Quota Limits Available quot
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Quota Event nowait_for_pending_blk_
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CHAPTER 10 RAID This chapter descri
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10.1.3 Understanding Double Failure
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10.2 Insights into Disk Performance
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OST Filesystem: RAID5 with 5 or 9 d
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10.2.1 Sample Graphs The graphs in
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10.2.1.2 Graphs for Read Performanc
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10.3 Creating an External Journal W
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CHAPTER 11 Kerberos This chapter de
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Note - The Heimdal implementation o
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General Installation Notes ■ ■
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. Install the keytab. Note - There
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# uppercase the hex nid=$(echo $nid
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11.2.2 Types of Lustre-Kerberos Fla
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11.2.2.3 Customized Flavor In most
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11.2.2.6 Rules, Syntax and Examples
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CHAPTER 12 Bonding This chapter des
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# ethtool eth1 Settings for eth1: S
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12.4 Bonding Module Parameters Bond
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The examples below are from RedHat
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12.5.1 Examples This is an example
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12.6 Configuring Lustre with Bondin
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CHAPTER 13 Upgrading Lustre The cha
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13.2.2 Supported Upgrade Paths The
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[root@mds1]# tunefs.lustre --mgs --
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13.2.5 Upgrading Multiple File Syst
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13.3 Upgrading Lustre from 1.6.3 to
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13.4 Downgrading Lustre from 1.6.4
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CHAPTER 14 Lustre SNMP Module The L
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14.3 Using the Lustre SNMP Module O
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CHAPTER 15 Backup and Restore This
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15.1.3.1 Backing Up an MDS File To
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3. Mount the filesystem. ■ For 2.
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2. Format LVM volumes as Lustre tar
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15.3.4 Restoring From Old Snapshot
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CHAPTER 16 POSIX This chapter descr
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7. When the system displays this pr
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16.3 Isolating and Debugging Failur
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If this single test is causing prob
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CHAPTER 17 Benchmarking The benchma
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Version 1.03 --Sequential Output--
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17.3 IOzone Benchmark IOZone is a f
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CHAPTER 18 Lustre Recovery This cha
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18.2.2 MDS Failure (and Failover) R
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Page 250 and 251: 19.3.2 PIOS I/O Modes There are sev
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Page 260 and 261: 19.4.3.2 Group This section lists l
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Page 278 and 279: Credits work like a semaphore. At s
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Page 282 and 283: 20.2.2 Watching the Client RPC Stre
Page 284 and 285: 20.2.4 Client Read-Write Extents Su
Page 286 and 287: 20.2.5 Watching the OST Block I/O S
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Page 292 and 293: 20.2.9 Locking /proc/fs/lustre/ldlm
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Page 300 and 301: 21.1.0.1 OSS Service Thread Count T
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Page 318 and 319: 22.3.6 Changing Parameters You can
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Page 330 and 331: 23.1 Lustre Debug Messages Each Lus
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23.2.8 Adding Debugging to the Lust
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23.3 Troubleshooting with strace Th
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23.4.1 Determine the Lustre UUID of
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23-16 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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CHAPTER 24 Free Space and Quotas Th
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Examples [lin-cli1] $ lfs df UUID 1
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CHAPTER 25 Striping and I/O Options
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25.1.2 Disadvantages of Striping Th
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You can also use ls -l /proc//fd/ t
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25.3.1 Changing Striping for a Subd
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25.4.1 Round-Robin Allocator When O
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25.6 Other I/O Options This section
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if (close(fd) < 0) { fprintf(stderr
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} /* Ping all OSTs that belong to t
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CHAPTER 26 Lustre Security This cha
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Lustre ACL support is a system-wide
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The root squash UID and GID can be
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CHAPTER 27 Lustre Operating Tips Th
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27.2 A Simple Data Migration Script
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27.4 Failures Running a Client and
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PART V Reference This part includes
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28.1 lfs The lfs utility can be use
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Options The various lfs options are
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Option Description setstripe Create
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Option Description help Provides br
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$ lfs quotacheck -ug /mnt/lustre Ch
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Options The options and description
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Example e2fsck -n -v --mdsdb /tmp/m
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lustre-OST0000: ******* WARNING: Fi
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To fix dangling inodes, lfsck creat
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Options The options and description
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28.5 Handling Timeouts Timeouts are
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29.1.2 Description The group upcall
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Description The llapi_file_create()
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30.1.2 llapi_file_get_stripe Use ll
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30.1.4 llapi_quotactl Use llapi_quo
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Return Values llapi_quotactl() retu
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Important: All old (pre v.1.4.6) Lu
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ip2nets ("") is a string that lists
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The expansion is a list enclosed in
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31.2.2 SOCKLND Kernel TCP/IP LND Th
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31.2.3 QSW LND The QSW LND (qswlnd)
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31.2.5 VIB LND The VIB LND is conne
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31.2.6 OpenIB LND The OpenIB LND is
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ME/MD Queue Length The ptllnd uses
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31.2.8 Portals LND (Catamount) The
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31.2.9 MX LND MXLND supports a numb
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32.1 mkfs.lustre The mkfs.lustre ut
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Option Description --stripe-count-h
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Option Description --index=index Fo
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32.3 lctl The lctl utility is used
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Device Operations Option Descriptio
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Options Use the following options t
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32.4 mount.lustre The mount.lustre
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In addition to the standard mount o
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Options Option Description -b inode
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offset_stats The client offset_stat
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32.5.8 Fast e2fsck Using the uninit
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32.5.10 llobdstat The llobdstat uti
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Example To monitor /proc/fs/lustre/
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LNET self-test includes two user ut
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32.5.14 routerstat The routerstat u
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33.2 Maximum Stripe Size For a 32-b
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33.9 MDS Space Consumption A single
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Modules LNET acceptor accept_port a
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VIB LND service_number arp_retries
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A-6 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Administrator Tasks Build Install n
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Manual Version Date Details of Edit
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C-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Can I run Lustre in a heterogeneous
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How do I abort recovery? Why would
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Filesystem refuses to mount because
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Is it possible to change the IP add
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Can I change the striping of a file
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How do I resize an MDS / OST filesy
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1. Make a mountpoint for the mkdir
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How do I control multiple services
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Note - CluManager requires two 10M
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1. Try: lconf --cleanup --force 2.
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The following computation is used t
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Example 2: Servers have two tcp net
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If you determine the LAST_ID file o
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Information on the Socket LND (sock
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What should I do if I suspect devic
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In most cases, running e2fsck -fp $
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What operations take place in Lustr
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What is the Lustre data path? On th
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D-38 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual
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Completion Callback Configlog Confi
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GSS Group Sweeping Scheduling. A di
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LOV LOV descriptor Lustre Lustre cl
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opencache Orphan objects Orphan han
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S Storage Object API Storage Object
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Glossary-12 Lustre 1.6 Operations M
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failover, 4-10 filesystem name, 4-8
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Lustre building, 4-18 building a ta
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Q QSW LND, 31-10 Quadrics Elan, 2-2
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Index-8 Lustre 1.6 Operations Manua
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Lustre 1.6 Operations Manual

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