NOAA Protocols for Fisheries Acoustics Surveys and Related ...

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Hamano, A., Sasakura, T., Kieser, R., Cooke, K., Kubota, K., Clay, A., 1996. Target-strength measurements of Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) in Candadian waters using quasi-ideal and conventional beam transducers. ICES Journal of Marine Science 53 (2), 273-279. Helser, T.E., Methot, R.D., Fleischer, G.W., 2004. Stock assessment of Pacific hake (whiting) in U.S. and Canadian waters in 2003. In: Pacific Fishery Managment Council, Appendix: Status of the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Through 2004 and Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation. Pacific Fishery Management Council, 2130 SW Fifth Avenue, Suite 224, Portland, OR 97201, pp. 1-97. Jolly, G.M., Hampton, I., 1990. A stratified random transect design for acoustic surveys of fish stocks. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, 1282-1291. Kieser, R., Cooke, K., Andrews, W.T., McFarlane, G.A., Smith, M.S., 1998. A hydroacoustic survey of Pacific hake in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada, February 20 - March 5, 1996. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2456, 57. Kieser, R., Saunders, M.W., Cooke, K. Review of hydroacoustic methodology and Pacific hake biomass estimates for the Strait of Georgia, 1981 to 1998. Canadian Stock Assessment Secretariat Research Document 99/15, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 53 p. Mackenzie, K.V., 1981. Nine-term equation for sound speed in the ocean. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 70, 807-812. MacLennan, D.N., Simmonds, E.J., 1992. Fisheries acoustics. Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 325p. Maclennan, D.N., Fernandes, P.G., Dalen, J., 2002. A consistent approach to definitions and symbols in fisheries acoustics. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59 (365-369). McClatchie, S., Alsop, J., Coombs, R.F., 1996. A re-evaluation of relationships between fish size, acoustic frequency, and target strength. ICES Journal of Marine Science 53, 780-791. Mitson, R.B., ed., 1995. Underwater noise of research vessels: review and recommendations. ICES Cooperative Research Report 209, 1-61. Nakken, O., Dommasnes, A., 1975. The application of an echo integration system in investigations on the stock strength of the Barents Sea capelin (Mallotus villosus, Müller) 1971-1974. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea CM B:25, 20. Nelson, M.O., Dark, T.A., 1985. Results of the coastal Pacific whiting, Merluccius productus, surveys in 1977 and 1980. Marine Fisheries Review 47 (February), 82-94. Rivoirard, J., Simmonds, J., Foote, K.G., Fernandes, P., Bez, N., 2000. Geostatistics for estimating fish abundance. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK, 206p. 128
Simmonds, E.J., Williamson, N.J., Gerlotto, F., Aglen, A., 1992. Acoustic survey design and analysis procedure: A comprehensive review of current practice. ICES Cooperative Research Report 187, 1-127. Simrad, 1996. Instruction manual, Simrad Ek500 Scientific Echo Sounder, Revision E, software version 5.20 ed. Simrad Subsea A/S, Strandpromenaden, PO Box 111, N-3191, Horten, Norway, p. (N) Stauffer, G.D., 1985. Biology and life history of the coastal stock of Pacifc whiting, Merluccius productus. Marine Fisheries Review 42 (April), 2-7. Traynor, J.J., 1996. Target-strength measurements of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus). ICES Journal of Marine Science 53 (2), 253-258. Williamson, N.J., Traynor, J.J., 1984. In situ target-strength estimation of Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) using a dual-beam transducer. Journal du Conseil/Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer 41, 285-292. Wilson, C.D., Guttormsen, M.A. Echo integration-trawl survey of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, off the West Coasts of the United States and Canada during July-September 1995. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-74, 70 p. Wilson, C.D., Guttormsen, M.A., Cooke, K., Saunders, M.W., Kieser, R. Echo integration-trawl survey of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, off the Pacific Coast of the United States and Canada during July-August, 1998. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-118, 103 p. 129
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NOAA Protocols for Fisheries Acoust
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Echo Sounder Parameters ...........
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Trawls ............................
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Introduction In response to Vice Ad
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Advanced Survey Technologies Progra
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Techniques Before conducting a cali
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Considerations Remediation Echo sou
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transmission loss. To correct for s
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unavoidably discarded, just as some
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factors such as orientation are not
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A schedule for calibration and main
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Techniques Noise Acoustical A commo
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⎛ I ⎞ r TS ≡ 10 log10 ⎜ ⎟
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Considerations Remediation If a TS-
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Techniques Beam Pattern Transducers
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during vertical migration, will cau
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A schedule for calibration and main
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degradation are external to the ech
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permanently archived for each surve
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Numerical Density to Biomass Densit
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An electronic ‘event log’ can b
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References Demer, D.A., M.A. Soule,
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Regional Protocols Because of the d
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Table of Contents Introduction.....
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Electrical ........................
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Center Background NEFSC The Northea
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S v Calibrations The NEFSC acoustic
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Operation Menu/Transmit Power Norma
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Software The echo sounder firmware
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ii. Minimum Sv for good pick: -50.0
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Net mensuration sensors are attache
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We remove backscattering by surface
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GPS The primary Global Positioning
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Electrical Electrical noise protoco
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Scientific Computer System (SCS) Fi
Page 77: Appendix 2 March 11, 2005 NOAA Prot
Page 80 and 81: Techniques ........................
Page 82 and 83: Center Background AFSC The Alaska F
Page 84 and 85: On-axis sensitivity and S v calibra
Page 86 and 87: Volume Backscattering Measurements
Page 88 and 89: Mid-water juvenile pollock (max sa=
Page 90 and 91: Biological Sampling Mid-water and n
Page 92 and 93: Bubble Attenuation Vessel speed is
Page 94 and 95: Data Collection Since 1990 to the p
Page 96 and 97: sampling resolution of scattering l
Page 98 and 99: A decision must be made as to wheth
Page 100 and 101: design. If fish abundance in this a
Page 102 and 103: Simrad. 2001. Simrad EK60 scientifi
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Page 106 and 107: Acoustic Data......................
Page 108 and 109: ackscattering cross-section (σ i )
Page 110 and 111: o For the 38 kHz transducer operati
Page 112 and 113: • Two-way integrated beam pattern
Page 114 and 115: Classification Techniques Single Fr
Page 116 and 117: Performance Degradation Definition
Page 118 and 119: Biological Data Data from catch pro
Page 120 and 121: elation also assumes that backscatt
Page 122 and 123: finer than the 13.5-18.9 nmi (25-35
Page 124 and 125: Improvements - The annual hake migr
Page 126 and 127: Techniques The primary source of th
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