NOAA Protocols for Fisheries Acoustics Surveys and Related ...

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Bottom Tracking ............................................................................................... 67 Performance Degradation ......................................................................................... 67 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 67 Noise ................................................................................................................. 67 Acoustical ..................................................................................................... 67 Electrical ....................................................................................................... 67 Bubble Attenuation ........................................................................................... 67 Transducer Motion............................................................................................ 68 Bio-fouling........................................................................................................ 68 Considerations ...................................................................................................... 68 Remediation ...................................................................................................... 68 Data Management ..................................................................................................... 68 Target Strength ( i )..................................................................................................... 68 Models....................................................................................................................... 68 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 68 Theoretical ........................................................................................................ 68 Empirical........................................................................................................... 68 Validation.......................................................................................................... 69 Data Collection ......................................................................................................... 69 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 69 Echo sounder Parameters.................................................................................. 69 Software ............................................................................................................ 69 In situ data......................................................................................................... 69 GPS ................................................................................................................... 70 Oceanographic Data.......................................................................................... 70 Detection Probability ................................................................................................ 70 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 70 Thresholding ..................................................................................................... 70 Acoustic Dead Zones: Near Bottom and Near Surface .................................... 70 Animal Behavior............................................................................................... 70 Vessel Noise...................................................................................................... 70 Density Requirements....................................................................................... 71 Single Frequency .............................................................................................. 71 Multiple Frequency........................................................................................... 71 Classification............................................................................................................. 71 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 71 Single Frequency .............................................................................................. 71 Multiple Frequency........................................................................................... 71 Biological Sampling.......................................................................................... 71 Trawls ........................................................................................................... 71 Underwater video.......................................................................................... 71 Bottom Tracking ............................................................................................... 71 Performance Degradation ......................................................................................... 71 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 71 Noise ................................................................................................................. 71 Acoustical ..................................................................................................... 71 52
Electrical ....................................................................................................... 72 Bubble Attenuation ........................................................................................... 72 Transducer Motion............................................................................................ 72 Bio-fouling........................................................................................................ 72 Considerations ...................................................................................................... 72 Remediation ...................................................................................................... 72 Data Management ..................................................................................................... 72 Sampling....................................................................................................................... 72 Survey Design (A i ).................................................................................................... 72 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 72 Vessel Speed ..................................................................................................... 72 GPS ................................................................................................................... 73 Numerical Density to Biomass Density (D i )............................................................. 73 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 73 Target Strength to Length Regression .............................................................. 73 Length-Weight Regression ............................................................................... 73 Oceanographic Data.................................................................................................. 73 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 73 CTD profiles ..................................................................................................... 73 Surface temperature and salinity....................................................................... 73 Scientific Computer System (SCS)....................................................................75 Techniques ............................................................................................................ 74 Event Log.......................................................................................................... 74 SCS data............................................................................................................ 75 Data Management ..................................................................................................... 75 Modifications to Protocols.......................................................................... 75 References .................................................................................................... 75 53
Page 1: NOAA Protocols for Fisheries Acoust
Page 4 and 5: Echo Sounder Parameters ...........
Page 6 and 7: Trawls ............................
Page 9: Introduction In response to Vice Ad
Page 12 and 13: Advanced Survey Technologies Progra
Page 14 and 15: Techniques Before conducting a cali
Page 16 and 17: Considerations Remediation Echo sou
Page 18 and 19: transmission loss. To correct for s
Page 20 and 21: unavoidably discarded, just as some
Page 22 and 23: factors such as orientation are not
Page 24 and 25: A schedule for calibration and main
Page 26 and 27: Techniques Noise Acoustical A commo
Page 28 and 29: ⎛ I ⎞ r TS ≡ 10 log10 ⎜ ⎟
Page 30 and 31: Considerations Remediation If a TS-
Page 32 and 33: Techniques Beam Pattern Transducers
Page 34 and 35: during vertical migration, will cau
Page 36 and 37: A schedule for calibration and main
Page 38 and 39: degradation are external to the ech
Page 40 and 41: permanently archived for each surve
Page 42 and 43: Numerical Density to Biomass Densit
Page 44 and 45: An electronic ‘event log’ can b
Page 46 and 47: References Demer, D.A., M.A. Soule,
Page 48 and 49: Regional Protocols Because of the d
Page 51: Table of Contents Introduction.....
Page 56 and 57: Center Background NEFSC The Northea
Page 58 and 59: S v Calibrations The NEFSC acoustic
Page 60 and 61: Operation Menu/Transmit Power Norma
Page 62 and 63: Software The echo sounder firmware
Page 64 and 65: ii. Minimum Sv for good pick: -50.0
Page 66 and 67: Net mensuration sensors are attache
Page 68 and 69: We remove backscattering by surface
Page 70 and 71: GPS The primary Global Positioning
Page 72 and 73: Electrical Electrical noise protoco
Page 74 and 75: Scientific Computer System (SCS) Fi
Page 77: Appendix 2 March 11, 2005 NOAA Prot
Page 80 and 81: Techniques ........................
Page 82 and 83: Center Background AFSC The Alaska F
Page 84 and 85: On-axis sensitivity and S v calibra
Page 86 and 87: Volume Backscattering Measurements
Page 88 and 89: Mid-water juvenile pollock (max sa=
Page 90 and 91: Biological Sampling Mid-water and n
Page 92 and 93: Bubble Attenuation Vessel speed is
Page 94 and 95: Data Collection Since 1990 to the p
Page 96 and 97: sampling resolution of scattering l
Page 98 and 99: A decision must be made as to wheth
Page 100 and 101: design. If fish abundance in this a
Page 102 and 103:
Simrad. 2001. Simrad EK60 scientifi
Page 104 and 105:
104
Page 106 and 107:
Acoustic Data......................
Page 108 and 109:
ackscattering cross-section (σ i )
Page 110 and 111:
o For the 38 kHz transducer operati
Page 112 and 113:
• Two-way integrated beam pattern
Page 114 and 115:
Classification Techniques Single Fr
Page 116 and 117:
Performance Degradation Definition
Page 118 and 119:
Biological Data Data from catch pro
Page 120 and 121:
elation also assumes that backscatt
Page 122 and 123:
finer than the 13.5-18.9 nmi (25-35
Page 124 and 125:
Improvements - The annual hake migr
Page 126 and 127:
Techniques The primary source of th
Page 128 and 129:
Hamano, A., Sasakura, T., Kieser, R
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