NOAA Protocols for Fisheries Acoustics Surveys and Related ...

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References Demer, D.A., M.A. Soule, and R.P. Hewitt. 1999. A multiple-frequency method for potentially improving the accuracy and precision of in situ target strength measurements. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 105: 2359-2377. Dunford, A. 2002. Correcting acoustic data for transducer motion. Poster presented at the ICES 2002 symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Montpellier, France, June 2002. Foote, K.G. 1982. Optimizing copper spheres for precision calibration of hydroacoustic equipment. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 71(3):742-747. Foote, K.G. 1983a. Maintaining precision calibrations with optimal spheres. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73: 1054-1063. Foote, K.G. 1983b. Linearity of fisheries acoustics, with addition theorems. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73: 1932-1940. Foote, K.G. 1987. Fish target strengths for use in echo integrator surveys. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 82: 981-987. Foote, K.G., H.P. Knudsen, G. Vestnes, D.N. MacLennan, and E.J. Simmonds. 1987. Calibration of acoustic instruments for fish density estimation: A practical guide. ICES Coop. Res. Rep. 44. Furusawa, M. 1991. Designing quantitative echo sounders. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90(1): 26-36. Gauthier, S. and G.A. Rose. 2001. Diagnostic tools for unbiased in situ target strength estimation. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 58: 2149-2155. Handegard, N.O., K. Michalsen and D. Tjostheim. 2003. Avoidance behavior in cod (Gadus morhua) to a bottom-trawling vessel. Aquatic Living Resources 16: 265-270. ICES Cooperative Research Report No. 195. 1993. Report of the Workshop on the Applicability of Spatial Statistical Techniques to Acoustic Survey Data, Reykjavik, Iceland, 5-9 September 1991. Jolly, G. M. and I. Hampton. 1990. A stratified random transect design for acoustic surveys of fish stocks. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 47: 1282-1291. MacLennan, D.N. 1990. Acoustical measurement of fish abundance. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87(1): 1-15. MacLennan, D.N. and E.J. Simmonds. 1992. Fisheries Acoustics. Chapman and Hall, London. 46
MacLennan, D.N. and E.J. Simmonds. 1998. Fish aggregations near the seabed. ICES CM 1998/J:4. Martin, L.V., T.K. Stanton, P.H. Wiebe and J.F. Lynch. 1996. Acoustic classification of zooplankton. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 53: 217-224. Mitson, R.B. (Editor). 1995. Underwater Noise of Research Vessels: Review and Recommendations. Cooperative Research Report, No. 209, International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen, Denmark. 61 pp. Ona, E. and R.B. Mitson. 1996. Acoustic sampling and signal processing near the seabed: the deadzone revisited. ICES Journal of Marine Science 53: 677-690. Ona, E. and O.R. Godo. 1990. Fish reaction to trawling noise: the significance for trawl sampling. Rapp. P.-v. Reun. Const. Int. Explor. Mer. 189: 159-166. Petitgas, P. 1993. Geostatistics for fish stock assessments: a review and an acoustic application. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 50:285-298. Sawada, K., M. Furusawa, and N.J. Williamson. 1993. Conditions for the precise measurement of fish target strength in situ. J. Mar. Acoust. Soc. Japan. 20(2): 15-21. Simmonds, E.J., N.J. Williamson, F. Gerlotto and A. Aglen. 1992. Acoustic survey design and analysis procedure: a comprehensive review of current practice. ICES Cooperative Research Report No. 187. ICES, Copenhagen, Denmark. 127 p, 1 appendix. Stanton, T. K. 1982. Effects of transducer motion on echo-integration techniques. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 72: 947-949. Toresen, R. 1991. Absorption of acoustic energy in dense herring schools studied by the attenuation in the bottom echo signal. Fisheries Research 10: 317-327. Urick, R.J. 1983. Principles of Underwater Sound. McGraw-Hill, Inc. 3 rd edition. 47
Page 1: NOAA Protocols for Fisheries Acoust
Page 4 and 5: Echo Sounder Parameters ...........
Page 6 and 7: Trawls ............................
Page 9: Introduction In response to Vice Ad
Page 12 and 13: Advanced Survey Technologies Progra
Page 14 and 15: Techniques Before conducting a cali
Page 16 and 17: Considerations Remediation Echo sou
Page 18 and 19: transmission loss. To correct for s
Page 20 and 21: unavoidably discarded, just as some
Page 22 and 23: factors such as orientation are not
Page 24 and 25: A schedule for calibration and main
Page 26 and 27: Techniques Noise Acoustical A commo
Page 28 and 29: ⎛ I ⎞ r TS ≡ 10 log10 ⎜ ⎟
Page 30 and 31: Considerations Remediation If a TS-
Page 32 and 33: Techniques Beam Pattern Transducers
Page 34 and 35: during vertical migration, will cau
Page 36 and 37: A schedule for calibration and main
Page 38 and 39: degradation are external to the ech
Page 40 and 41: permanently archived for each surve
Page 42 and 43: Numerical Density to Biomass Densit
Page 44 and 45: An electronic ‘event log’ can b
Page 48 and 49: Regional Protocols Because of the d
Page 51 and 52: Table of Contents Introduction.....
Page 53: Electrical ........................
Page 56 and 57: Center Background NEFSC The Northea
Page 58 and 59: S v Calibrations The NEFSC acoustic
Page 60 and 61: Operation Menu/Transmit Power Norma
Page 62 and 63: Software The echo sounder firmware
Page 64 and 65: ii. Minimum Sv for good pick: -50.0
Page 66 and 67: Net mensuration sensors are attache
Page 68 and 69: We remove backscattering by surface
Page 70 and 71: GPS The primary Global Positioning
Page 72 and 73: Electrical Electrical noise protoco
Page 74 and 75: Scientific Computer System (SCS) Fi
Page 77: Appendix 2 March 11, 2005 NOAA Prot
Page 80 and 81: Techniques ........................
Page 82 and 83: Center Background AFSC The Alaska F
Page 84 and 85: On-axis sensitivity and S v calibra
Page 86 and 87: Volume Backscattering Measurements
Page 88 and 89: Mid-water juvenile pollock (max sa=
Page 90 and 91: Biological Sampling Mid-water and n
Page 92 and 93: Bubble Attenuation Vessel speed is
Page 94 and 95: Data Collection Since 1990 to the p
Page 96 and 97:
sampling resolution of scattering l
Page 98 and 99:
A decision must be made as to wheth
Page 100 and 101:
design. If fish abundance in this a
Page 102 and 103:
Simrad. 2001. Simrad EK60 scientifi
Page 104 and 105:
104
Page 106 and 107:
Acoustic Data......................
Page 108 and 109:
ackscattering cross-section (σ i )
Page 110 and 111:
o For the 38 kHz transducer operati
Page 112 and 113:
• Two-way integrated beam pattern
Page 114 and 115:
Classification Techniques Single Fr
Page 116 and 117:
Performance Degradation Definition
Page 118 and 119:
Biological Data Data from catch pro
Page 120 and 121:
elation also assumes that backscatt
Page 122 and 123:
finer than the 13.5-18.9 nmi (25-35
Page 124 and 125:
Improvements - The annual hake migr
Page 126 and 127:
Techniques The primary source of th
Page 128 and 129:
Hamano, A., Sasakura, T., Kieser, R
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