Casestudie Breakdown prediction Contell PILOT - Transumo

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Table of Contents Index of Figures...............................................................................................................................IV Index of Tables.................................................................................................................................V Index of Formulas............................................................................................................................VI 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Initial Position and Problem ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Goals of this Study and Approach................................................................................... 1 2 Sensor Based Temperature Monitoring.................................................................................... 3 2.1 Importance of Temperature Monitoring within Medical Laboratories.............................. 3 2.2 Functioning and Behavior of Freezers and Fridges ........................................................ 4 2.2.1 General Functioning of a Fridge.................................................................................. 4 2.2.2 Technical Behavior of Fridges (Without External Influences)..................................... 5 2.2.3 Technical Behavior of Freezers (Without External Influences)................................... 6 2.2.4 Behavior in Practice..................................................................................................... 7 2.2.5 Behavior in Case of a Malfunction............................................................................... 9 2.3 Current Practice of Sensor Based Temperature Monitoring......................................... 10 2.4 Problems and Potential Sources of Error...................................................................... 11 2.4.1 The Lack of Information Problem .............................................................................. 12 2.4.2 Potential Sources of Error ......................................................................................... 14 2.4.3 Methodological Problems .......................................................................................... 15 2.5 Aimed Goal and Requirements Analysis....................................................................... 16 3 Current Monitoring Systems ................................................................................................... 19 3.1 XiltriX’s Technical Basis................................................................................................. 19 3.1.1 Basic Components of a XiltriX Installation ................................................................ 21 3.1.2 Other Installation Possibilities ................................................................................... 22 3.2 XiltriX’s Basic Functionality............................................................................................ 23 3.2.1 Current Possibilities to Display and Analyze Stored Data ........................................ 26 3.2.2 Documentation of Occurred Alarms .......................................................................... 30 3.3 XiltriX’s Additional Features........................................................................................... 31 3.3.1 Different Types of Attachable Digital Switches ......................................................... 31 3.3.2 Time-Dependent Limit Settings................................................................................. 32 3.3.3 Alarm-, SMS- and E-Mail-Programs.......................................................................... 33 3.4 Review of XiltriX According to the Requirements Analysis........................................... 35 3.5 Other Major Monitoring Products in the Market ............................................................ 36 3.5.1 3M FreezeWatch and 3M MonitorMark Indicators............................................. 37 3.5.2 2DI ThermaViewer..................................................................................................... 38 3.5.3 Systems Offering Data Analysis in Retrospect ......................................................... 39 4 Current State of Research ...................................................................................................... 43 4.1 Current State within the Setting of Sensor Based Temperature Monitoring................. 43 4.2 Current State within the Setting of Machinery Condition Monitoring ............................ 43 4.3 Current State within the Setting of Measurement Data Analysis .................................. 46 4.3.1 Basic Approaches...................................................................................................... 46 4.3.2 A Generalized Approach ........................................................................................... 47 II
4.4 Review of Current State of Research............................................................................ 53 5 Possible and Promising Ways of Data Analysis..................................................................... 55 5.1 The Six Possible Levels of Data Analysis ..................................................................... 55 5.2 Different Kinds of Statistical Analysis............................................................................ 57 5.3 Basic Descriptive Statistical Measures.......................................................................... 58 5.4 Regression..................................................................................................................... 60 5.4.1 The Determination of Regression Functions............................................................. 61 5.4.2 The Major Problems of Regression........................................................................... 63 5.5 Time Series Analysis ..................................................................................................... 65 5.6 Failure- and Availability Ratios ...................................................................................... 67 5.7 Markov Chains............................................................................................................... 68 5.8 Inferential Statistics........................................................................................................ 72 5.9 Data Mining.................................................................................................................... 73 5.9.1 General Fields of Application .................................................................................... 73 5.9.2 Artificial Neural Networks .......................................................................................... 75 5.9.3 Non-Applicability of Artificial Neural Networks to Current Datasets ......................... 78 5.10 Promising Analyzing Methods ....................................................................................... 79 5.10.1 Promising Appliance of Basic Descriptive Statistics............................................. 79 5.10.2 Detection of Changes in Behavior by the Use of Regression............................... 81 5.10.3 Classification by Using Past Behavior .................................................................. 82 5.10.4 Review................................................................................................................... 83 6 Implementation and Case Study............................................................................................. 86 6.1 Implementation of Promising Analyzing Methods ......................................................... 86 6.2 Case Study .................................................................................................................... 89 6.2.1 Detection of Changes in Behavior by Using Descriptive Statistics........................... 90 6.2.2 Detection of Changes in Behavior by the Use of Regression................................... 98 6.2.3 Classification of Alarms by the Use of Historical Data.............................................. 99 6.3 Review ......................................................................................................................... 101 6.4 Recommendations....................................................................................................... 102 7 Summary............................................................................................................................... 105 Bibliography.................................................................................................................................. 107 Appendix 1 – Implementation of Interpolation.............................................................................. 111 Appendix 2 – Implementation of Statistical Methods................................................................... 115 Appendix 3 – Implementation of Data Mining Methods ............................................................... 127 Erklärung (Statement) .................................................................................................................. 134 III
Page 1: Technische Universität Braunschwei
Page 5 and 6: Index of Tables Table 2-1: Error of
Page 7 and 8: 1 Introduction 1.1 Initial Position
Page 9 and 10: 2 Sensor Based Temperature Monitori
Page 11 and 12: compressor. They are served by a ce
Page 13 and 14: the specified value, it works very
Page 15 and 16: of this, over a hundred irregular p
Page 17 and 18: a centralized one. An isolated appl
Page 19 and 20: Figure 2-8: Lack of Information Pro
Page 21 and 22: Moreover, the fridge’s filling le
Page 23 and 24: store this kind of data but only of
Page 25 and 26: 3 Current Monitoring Systems The la
Page 27 and 28: device’s condition. Especially th
Page 29 and 30: a converter that is also available
Page 31 and 32: To indicate important events within
Page 33 and 34: 1. Display stored data in table for
Page 35 and 36: This way of visualizing data is the
Page 37 and 38: free text. Moreover it is possible
Page 39 and 40: dependent limit and delay settings,
Page 41 and 42: Aside from these functions, the kin
Page 43 and 44: 1. Temperature verification in retr
Page 45 and 46: alarms by the use of additionally a
Page 47 and 48: The third mentioned Centron Environ
Page 49 and 50: 4 Current State of Research As alre
Page 51 and 52: even this improvement is still face
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Another current approach is regress
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S o n 2 = ∑ Yi −Yi n −1 i= 2
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This algorithm returns an upper and
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• Critical values • Pre-warning
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5 Possible and Promising Ways of Da
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could be: “The mean increase of a
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The mode is the most frequent value
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Figure 5-1: Two Samples of Regressi
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5.4.2 The Major Problems of Regress
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The next section will introduce tim
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explained in section 5.4. If such a
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pictured in Formula 5-12. Beside a
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P ( m) = P ( r ) ⋅ P ( m−r ) wi
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But the greatest problem is again t
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clustering as well as an analysis o
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The general idea of supervised lear
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sometimes data of a door opening se
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Beside the introduced notification
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A classification could be achieved
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Table 5-1: Estimated Improvements A
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As all these software products fail
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6.2 Case Study The UMC St. Radboud
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Figure 6-3: Maximum Values at Dayti
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Figure 6-5: Minimum Values at Dayti
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Figure 6-9: Standard Deviation at D
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Table 6-3: Reported Notifications (
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Important for the determination of
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Remarkable is a comparison to the a
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Interviews with several employees f
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7 Summary Cooling devices within me
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Bibliography Books and Articles: [B
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[Wittenberg98] Reinhard Wittenberg,
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Appendix 1 - Implementation of Inte
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%Name and location of the source fi
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Appendix 2 - Implementation of Stat
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dailydate = [dailydate; floor(date(
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%Count Dooropenings per Day dailydo
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xlswrite(strcat(path, 'Excel\', fil
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print('-dtiff', strcat(path, 'Graph
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ar([dailydate(1):dailydate(length(s
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Appendix 3 - Implementation of Data
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Duration = 0; maxtemp = 0; elseif (
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%Contains [Duration, Number of Occu
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disp(strcat('Dooropening
show all

Casestudie Breakdown prediction Contell PILOT - Transumo

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